Research and development expenses (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2026

Research and development expenses

Schedule of research and development expenses


		Six Months Ended
		June 30,
(in millions of $)		2026		20251)
External research and development expenses		616		416
Personnel expenses		224		168
Digital technology expenses		45		26
Materials and consumables		5		4
Depreciation and amortization		8		5
Other expenses		31		22
Total research and development expenses		929		642

1)Comparative figures have been presented to be consistent with the one adopted in the current year.