Exhibit 99.1
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| Page | |
| Audited Financial Statements | |
| REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM (PCAOB ID : 6743) | F-2 |
| BALANCE SHEETS | F-3 |
| STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS) | F-4 |
| STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) | F-5 |
| STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS | F-6 |
| NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | F-7 – F-26 |
| F-1 |
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J&S ASSOCIATE PLT | |||
| 202206000037 (LLP0033395-LCA) & AF002380 | ||||
| (Registered with PCAOB and MIA) | Tel: +603-4813 9469 | |||
| B-11-14, Megan Avenue II | Email : info@jns-associate.com | |||
| 12,Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Website : jns-associate.com | |||
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To: The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Meluha Therapeutics Berhad
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Meluha Therapeutics Berhad (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related notes to the financial statements and schedule (collectively, referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Substantial Doubt about the Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements, the Company has an accumulated deficit of $2,110,745 as of March 31, 2024 and the Company recorded a negative working capital of $773,014 as of March 31, 2024. These matters raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s evaluation of the conditions and events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, and management’s plans to mitigate these matters, are described in Note 3. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties.
/s/ J&S Associate PLT Certified Public Accountants Firm ID: 6743
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2023. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
July 6, 2026
| F-2 |
Item 1. Financial statements
MELUHA THERAPEUTICS BERHAD
AS OF MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Currency expressed in United States Dollars (“US$”), except for number of share)
As of March 31, 2024 | As of March 31, 2023 | |||||||
| (Audited) | (Audited) | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| CURRENT ASSETS | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 855,632 | $ | 65,619 | ||||
| Accounts receivable | 107,447 | 76,760 | ||||||
| Prepaid expenses, deposits and other receivables | 41,828 | 24,316 | ||||||
| Current tax asset | 1,738 | 893 | ||||||
| Inventory, at cost | 42,025 | 44,883 | ||||||
| TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS | $ | 1,048,670 | $ | 212,471 | ||||
| NON-CURRENT ASSETS | ||||||||
| Plant and equipment, net | $ | 1,052,879 | $ | 173,490 | ||||
| Intangible assets | - | 5,001 | ||||||
| Right-of-use assets | 70,972 | 34,542 | ||||||
| TOTAL NON-CURRENT ASSETS | $ | 1,123,851 | $ | 213,033 | ||||
| TOTAL ASSETS | $ | 2,172,521 | $ | 425,504 | ||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| CURRENT LIABILITIES | ||||||||
| Accounts payables | $ | 51,173 | $ | 8,538 | ||||
| Accrued liabilities and other payable | 475,860 | 596,941 | ||||||
| Deferred revenue | 501,669 | - | ||||||
| Hire purchase | 29,110 | 27,864 | ||||||
| Lease liability | 71,525 | 34,542 | ||||||
| Amount due to directors | 463,639 | 9,219 | ||||||
| Amount due to related party | 228,708 | 60,507 | ||||||
| TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES | $ | 1,821,684 | $ | 737,611 | ||||
| NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES | ||||||||
| Hire purchase | $ | 10,375 | $ | 42,171 | ||||
| Deferred tax liabilities | 42,635 | 29,116 | ||||||
| TOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES | $ | 53,010 | $ | 71,287 | ||||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES | $ | 1,874,694 | $ | 808,898 | ||||
| STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
| Common stock: | ||||||||
| Issued and outstanding:
10,000,000 shares of no par value, as of March 31, 2024 Issued and outstanding: 10,000,000 shares as of March 31, 2023 | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 3,241,314 | 3,241,314 | ||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (832,742 | ) | (847,198 | ) | ||||
| Accumulated deficit | (2,110,745 | ) | (2,777,510 | ) | ||||
| TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) | $ | 297,827 | $ | (383,394 | ) | |||
| TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | $ | 2,172,521 | $ | 425,504 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| F-3 |
MELUHA THERAPEUTICS BERHAD
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Currency expressed in United States Dollars (“US$”), except for number of shares)
For the Years Ended, March 31 | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| (Audited) | (Audited) | |||||||
| REVENUE | $ | 1,006,110 | $ | 563,130 | ||||
| COST OF REVENUE | (205,682 | ) | (222,546 | ) | ||||
| GROSS PROFIT | $ | 800,428 | $ | 340,584 | ||||
| GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES | (428,635 | ) | (400,815 | ) | ||||
| INCOME/(LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS | $ | 371,793 | $ | (60,231 | ) | |||
| GRANT INCOME | 312,102 | 18,983 | ||||||
| GAIN ON DISPOSAL OF FIXED ASSETS | 2,095 | 31,916 | ||||||
| INTEREST INCOME | 2,807 | 21 | ||||||
| FINANCE COST | (5,751 | ) | (31,330 | ) | ||||
| INCOME/(LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS BEFORE TAX | $ | 683,046 | $ | (40,641 | ) | |||
| TAX EXPENSE | (16,281 | ) | (30,505 | ) | ||||
| NET INCOME/(LOSS) | $ | 666,765 | $ | (71,146 | ) | |||
| OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION INCOME | 14,456 | 18,298 | ||||||
| TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS) | $ | 681,221 | $ | (52,848 | ) | |||
| NET INCOME/(LOSS) PER SHARE, BASIC AND DILUTED | $ | 0.0667 | $ | (0.0071 | ) | |||
| WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING, BASIC AND DILUTED | 10,000,000 | 10,000,000 | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| F-4 |
MELUHA THERAPEUTICS BERHAD
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Currency expressed in United States Dollars (“US$”), except for number of shares)
| COMMON STOCK | ACCUMULATED | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of Shares | Amount | ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL | OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME | ACCUMULATED DEFICIT | TOTAL EQUITY | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2022 | 10,000,000 | $ | - | $ | 3,241,314 | $ | (865,496 | ) | $ | (2,706,364 | ) | $ | (330,546 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net loss for the year 2023 | - | - | - | - | (71,146 | ) | (71,146 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation | - | - | - | 18,298 | - | 18,298 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2023 | 10,000,000 | $ | - | $ | 3,241,314 | $ | (847,198 | ) | $ | (2,777,510 | ) | $ | (383,394 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net income for the year 2024 | - | - | - | 666,765 | 666,765 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation | - | - | 14,456 | - | 14,456 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2024 | 10,000,000 | $ | - | $ | 3,241,314 | $ | (832,742 | ) | $ | (2,110,745 | ) | $ | 297,827 | |||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
| F-5 |
MELUHA THERAPEUTICS BERHAD
FOR THE YEARS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Currency expressed in United States Dollars (“US$”), except for number of shares)
For the Year Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| (Audited) | (Audited) | |||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||
| Net income/(loss) | $ | 666,765 | $ | (71,146 | ) | |||
| Write-off of plant and equipment | 13,177 | - | ||||||
| Write-off of trademark | 4,754 | - | ||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities | ||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expenses | 104,418 | 102,197 | ||||||
| Disposal of plant and equipment | (2,095 | ) | (31,916 | ) | ||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts receivable | (36,117 | ) | 62,329 | |||||
| Inventories | (1 | ) | (27,153 | ) | ||||
| Prepaid expenses, deposits and other receivables | (19,350 | ) | (327 | ) | ||||
| Tax asset | (916 | ) | 9,535 | |||||
| Accounts payable | 43,834 | (16,504 | ) | |||||
| Accrued liabilities and other payables | (84,316 | ) | (85,791 | ) | ||||
| Deferred revenue | 509,280 | - | ||||||
| Interest of hire purchase | 5,751 | 9,207 | ||||||
| Deferred tax liability | 15,607 | - | ||||||
| Change in lease liability | (82,897 | ) | (72,535 | ) | ||||
| Net cash flows provided by/(used in) operating activities | $ | 1,137,894 | $ | (122,104 | ) | |||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||
| Purchase of plant and equipment | $ | (938,087 | ) | $ | (15,599 | ) | ||
| Proceeds from disposal of plant and equipment | 2,095 | 780,847 | ||||||
| Trademark renewal | - | (2,199 | ) | |||||
| Net cash flows (used in)/provided by investing activities | $ | (935,992 | ) | $ | 763,049 | |||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||
| Advance from director | $ | 461,910 | $ | 17,980 | ||||
| Advance from related party | 174,667 | 45,613 | ||||||
| Principal repayments of bank loan | - | (679,814 | ) | |||||
| Repayments of hire purchase | (32,236 | ) | (33,657 | ) | ||||
| Net cash flows provided by/(used in) financing activities | $ | 604,341 | $ | (649,878 | ) | |||
| Effect of exchange rate changes in cash and cash equivalents | (16,230 | ) | (3,946 | ) | ||||
| Net changes in cash and cash equivalents | 790,013 | (12,879 | ) | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year | 65,619 | 78,498 | ||||||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR | $ | 855,632 | $ | 65,619 | ||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOWS INFORMATION | ||||||||
| Income taxes paid | $ | 1,590 | $ | 4,664 | ||||
| Interest paid | $ | 5,751 | $ | 9,207 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
| F-6 |
MELUHA THERAPEUTICS BERHAD
FOR THE YEARS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Currency expressed in United States Dollars (“US$”), except for number of shares)
1. ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS BACKGROUND
Meluha Therapeutics Berhad (“the Company”) was incorporated as a private limited company under the laws of Malaysia on April 2, 2009, with the name Hygieia Inovasi Sdn. Bhd. On October 22, 2010, the Company changed its name to Hygieia Innovation Sdn. Bhd. On July 16, 2015, the Company further changed its name to Hygieia Therapeutics Sdn. Bhd and on November 21, 2017, to Meluha Life Sciences Sdn. Bhd and again, on October 22, 2020, to Meluha Therapeutics Sdn. Bhd. On September 13, 2023, the Company’s status was changed to that of a public limited company and accordingly, its name was changed to Meluha Therapeutics Berhad, which remains its current name. Meluha Therapeutics Berhad is a biotech company, with its’ headquarters in Malaysia.
We are primarily involved as a contract manufacturer for cellular therapy, and drug discovery and for the performance of related research and development. We manufacture cell-based medicinal products and exosome-based medicine using innovative stem cell technology. Our customers are mainly healthcare companies and individuals in Malaysia. The Company has applied to have its facilities certified as Good Manufacturing Practices by July 2026 and thereafter to proceed with clinical testing required for approval of its products by the Ministry of Health for wider use by public. Our current main products are described below.
myCell
myCell is an advanced regenerative drug product consisting of a liquid suspension derived from human Wharton’s Jelly, which comes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs). It is administered intra-articularly into the knee of patients with osteoarthritis experiencing Kellegren-Lawrence Grade (KLG) symptoms who have not found sufficient relief from standard care medications. By leveraging the regenerative potential of stem cells, myCell aims to reduce inflammation, promote tissue repair, and improve joint function. It is available in two dosage forms: pre-filled syringes (2 mL) and pre-filled infusion bags (50 mL), with each containing either 25, 50, or 100 million cells to accommodate varying treatment needs.
Chondrogen
Chondrogen is a treatment package that combines allogeneic human Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hWJ-MSCs) with hyaluronic acid, which acts as a supportive scaffold for cell attachment and tissue regeneration. These components can be administered separately or reconstituted together for intra-articular injection into the affected knee. This treatment is designed for knee cartilage defects in patients with osteoarthritis, specifically for those with an International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Grade IV cartilage defect resulting from degeneration or repetitive trauma. Chondrogen is available in pre-filled syringes (2 mL or 20 mL) containing 5, 15, 20, or 100 million MSCs. Additionally, a single pre-filled 3 mL syringe contains 90 mg of hyaluronic acid, providing a well-rounded treatment option tailored to different patient needs.
The Company’s executive office is located at Lot 8D, Jalan Teknologi 3/6, Kawasan Perindustrian Nouvelle, Taman Sains Selangor, 1, Pju 5 Kota Damansara, 47810 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
As of March 31, 2024, Ramesh A/L Saravanamuthu owned 3,359,438 shares of common stock, possessing 33.6% of the voting power of the Company while Abdul Jalil bin Jidon owned 3,188,437 shares of common stock, possessing 31.9% of the voting power of the Company.
On July 29, 2024, the Company and the shareholders of the Company, executed an Acquisition and Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Synergy Empire Limited (“SHMY”), a company incorporated under the laws of Nevada, United States. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company agreed to sell 10,000,000 shares of the Company (the “Meluha Shares”), representing all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company, which were held by all the shareholders of the Company to SHMY. As consideration, SHMY agreed to issue to the shareholders of the Company, 10,000,000 shares of series A preferred stock with par value of $0.0001 per share (“Preferred Stock”), at a value of $0.2155 per share, for an aggregate value of $2,155,000. Each share of the series A Preferred Stock possesses a voting right, which equals to each of SHMY’s common stock, with $0.0001 par value per share (“Common Stock”). SHMY consummated the acquisition of the Company on March 28, 2025. It is our understanding that the shareholders of the Company are not U.S. Persons within the meaning of Regulations S. Accordingly, the Preferred Stock are being sold pursuant to the exemption provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933. Following the completion of the acquisition, (a) Ramesh A/L Saravanamuthu (beneficial owner of 3,359,438 shares of Preferred Stock) possesses 29.1% of the voting power of SHMY and (b) Abdul Jalil bin Jidon (beneficial owner of 3,188,437 shares of Preferred Stock) possesses 27.7% of the voting power of SHMY. As such these two shareholders will be able to unilaterally control the election of SHMY board of directors, all matters upon which shareholder approval is required and, ultimately, the direction of SHMY. With the exception of these two individuals, no other shareholder of SHMY possesses in excess of 10% of the voting power of SHMY.
| F-7 |
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
These accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). The Company has adopted March 31 as its fiscal year end.
The reporting currency of the Company is United States Dollars (“US$”), while the functional currency of the Company is Malaysian Ringgit (“MYR”).
Use of Estimates
In preparing these financial statements, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the balance sheets and revenues and expenses during the years reported. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers short-term, highly liquid investments with an original maturity of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents.
Our deposits in Malaysia are currently deposited with Alliance Bank Berhad and CIMB Islamic Bank Berhad, who are member banks of a government body, Malaysia Insurance Deposit Corporation, or Perbadanan Insurans Deposit Malaysia, (“PIDM”), which protects eligible deposits held with member banks in Malaysia. PIDM will pay a compensation up to a limit of MYR 250,000 per depositor per member bank, which is equivalent to $52,923, if any of the aforementioned banks fails.
| As
of March 31, 2024 | As
of March 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||
| Denominated in US$ | $ | 64,172 | $ | - | ||||
| Denominated in MYR | 791,460 | 65,619 | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 855,632 | $ | 65,619 | ||||
| F-8 |
Plant and Equipment
Plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss. Depreciation is provided over their expected useful lives and calculated using the straight-line method over the following periods:
| Asset Categories | Depreciation Periods | |
| Renovation | 10 years | |
| Office and laboratory equipment | 10 years |
The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or retired are derecognized and eliminated from the respective accounts. Any gain or loss is recognized as other income or expenses in profit or loss in the statement of operations and other comprehensive income. The cost of maintenance and repairs are charged as expense in the profit and loss as incurred. Significant renewals and betterment which substantially extend the useful life of the assets are capitalized.
Intangible Asset
Intangible assets with finite period are stated at cost, less accumulated amortization and impairment loss. Amortization is calculated using the straight-line method over the following periods:
| Asset Categories | Amortization Periods | |
| Trademark | 10 years |
The cost and related amortization of intangible assets sold or expired are derecognized, and eliminated from the respective accounts. Any gain or loss is recognized as other income or expenses in profit or loss in the statement of operations and other comprehensive income. Significant renewals and betterment which substantially extend the useful life of the intangible assets are capitalized.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
In accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 360, Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, all long-lived assets such as property and equipment and finite-lived intangible assets owned and held by the Company are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the long-lived assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is evaluated by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to its estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amounts of the assets exceed the fair value of the assets.
There was no impairment losses recognized during the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Costs are determined on a first-in, first-out basis. Net realizable value is based on the estimated selling prices of the final product, less any estimated costs to be incurred to completion and costs to sell. A provision for excess and obsolete inventory will be made based primarily on products approaching expiry period and forecasts of product demand. The excess balance above the product demand as determined by this analysis becomes the basis for excess inventory charge and the written-down value of the inventory becomes its net realizable value. Written-down inventory would not be reversed if market conditions improve. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not record any inventory write-downs.
| F-9 |
Commitments and Contingencies
The Company follows the ASC 450-20, Commitments to report accounting for contingencies. Certain conditions may exist as of the date the financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The Company assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against the Company or un-asserted claims that may result in such proceedings, the Company evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or un-asserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein.
If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potentially material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, and an estimate of the range of possible losses, if determinable and material, would be disclosed.
Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantees would be disclosed. Management does not believe, based upon information available at this time that these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, there is no assurance that such matters will not materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, and results of operations or cash flows.
Retirement Plan Costs
The Company provides a defined contribution retirement plan for eligible employees. In accordance with ASC 715-70, contributions to the plan are based on a specified percentage of employee compensation and are expensed as incurred. For the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred retirement plan costs of $17,215 and $10,711, respectively.
Deferred Revenue
The Company’s accounts for deferred revenue as the billings to customers for performance obligations that have not yet been fulfilled. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized amounts of $501,669 and $0 respectively. The deferred revenue is expected to be recognized as revenue within 12 months from the reporting period, as all unsatisfied performance obligations are expected to be completed within that timeframe.
Research and Development
Research and development (“R&D”) costs are charged as expenses when incurred. R&D expenses include employee costs, payments to third-party contractors, laboratory materials, testing expenses, and other costs directly related to research, product development, and manufacturing support activities for cell-based medicinal products and exosome-based medicines. These expenses also include costs for process improvement and development activities such as formulation development, cell culture optimization, analytical method development, manufacturing process improvement, and scale-up activities. In addition, R&D expenses include in-house and outsourced laboratory testing and quality control activities, including sterility testing, endotoxin testing, cell viability testing, potency testing, and other related analytical and characterization services required for product development and regulatory purposes. Costs incurred from external service providers, including contract research organizations and laboratories, are recognized based on the services performed and work completed. Any advance payments made before the services are completed are recorded as prepaid expenses and recognized as R&D expenses when the related services are provided. Accordingly, all R&D costs, whether incurred internally or through third-party providers, are expensed in the period in which the underlying services are performed.
| F-10 |
Grant Income
On September 23, 2020, the Company received a grant amounting to $312,102 from the Malaysian Investment Development Authority (“MIDA”). The purpose of this grant is to support the Company’s research and development (“R&D”) initiatives, specifically in the area of stem cell-related technologies. The funds will be utilized to advance the Company’s ongoing R&D activities aimed at developing innovative solutions and applications within the field of regenerative medicine. Grant income is recognized in the statements of operations when there is reasonable assurance that the conditions attached to the grant will be met and the grant will be received. Amounts received in advance of meeting the recognition criteria are recorded as deferred income and recognized in the statements of operations when the related conditions are satisfied.
Revenue Recognition
The Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). Under Topic 606, the Company records revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery of goods and services has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable and collectability is probable. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services.
The Company generates revenue from the sale of the Company’s self-manufactured cell-based medicinal products, exosome-based medicines and other goods. These sales generally involve contractual arrangements with customers. Revenue is recognized based on the following five-step model addressed below:
1. Identify the contract with the customer:
A contract is established when it is approved by both parties, has commercial substance, identifies rights and payment terms, and it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration.
The contracts with customers, establish legally enforceable rights and obligations that define a tailored type of products based on each client’s requirements. These contracts outline the fees charged, payment terms, contract durations, and products to be sold. The Company sells cell-based medicinal products, exosome-based medicines and other goods.
The contracts clearly outlined the type of products, payment terms, and resulted in invoices being issued to customers, detailing the type of products sold. Based on ASC 606-10-25-1, the criteria for identifying a contract have been met-namely, the parties have approved the arrangement, each party’s rights and payment terms are identifiable, the contract has commercial substance, and collection is probable. Accordingly, these arrangements are considered contracts under ASC 606, and revenue recognition is appropriate.
2. Identify the performance obligations in the contract:
Each contract is evaluated to determine the distinct goods or services promised. The contracts specify the type of products sold by the Company, which include cell-based medicinal products, exosome-based medicines and other goods. Each contract contains a bundle of products sold which is considered a distinct performance obligation, as the customer can only derive benefit upon receipt of the bundled products in their entirety. Accordingly, each contract contains a single performance obligation.
3. Determine the transaction price:
The Company invoices the customers in accordance with the terms of the contract, with a fixed transaction price agreed upon in the contract for each distinct performance obligation. The selling price of each product stated in the contract is established through market research and management’s pricing strategy for each product category. There are no returns nor variable clauses within the contract for the pricing.
| F-11 |
4. Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract:
Each contract constitutes a single performance obligation, therefore the entire transaction price is allocated to this single obligation and revenue is recognized upon its fulfilment.
5. Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies a performance obligation
Revenue is recognized at a point in time, when the customer obtains control of the promised goods, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods. This aligns with ASC 606-10-25-30, as the client obtains the ability to direct the use of and benefit from the products upon delivery. Transfer of control is evidenced by the signed delivery order which denotes that the Company has fulfilled its performance obligations.
Principal versus Agency Considerations
The Company follows the guidance provided in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, for determining whether the Company is the principal or an agent in arrangements with customers that involve another party that contributes to the provision of goods to a customer. In these instances, the Company determines whether it has promised to provide the goods itself (as principal) or to arrange for the specified goods to be provided by another party (as an agent). This determination is a matter of judgment that depends on the facts and circumstances of each arrangement. The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of goods on a gross basis as the Company is responsible for the fulfillment, controls the delivery of the promised goods, and has full discretion in establishing prices and therefore is the principal in the arrangement.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue includes the cost of manufacturing and distributing to customers and packing materials. It includes purchasing and receiving costs, internal transfer costs, other costs of distribution network, opening and closing inventory, net of discount received and return outwards in cost of revenue.
Income Tax Expense
Income taxes are determined in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC Topic 740”). Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Any effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
ASC 740 prescribes a comprehensive model for how companies should recognize, measure, present, and disclosed in their financial statements uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under ASC 740, tax positions must initially be recognized in the financial statements when it is more likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. Such tax positions must initially and subsequently be measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the tax authority assuming full knowledge of the position and relevant facts.
The Company conducts major businesses in Malaysia and is subject to tax in their own jurisdictions. As a result of its business activities, the Company will file separate tax returns that are subject to examination by the foreign tax authorities.
| F-12 |
Foreign Currencies Translation
Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency using the applicable exchange rates at the balance sheet dates. The resulting exchange differences are recorded in profit or loss in the statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss).
The reporting currency of the Company is the United States Dollars (“US$” or “$”) and the accompanying financial statements have been expressed in US$. In addition, the Company maintains its books and record in Malaysian Ringgit (“MYR”), which is the functional currency, being the primary currency of the economic environment in which the entity operates.
In general, assets and liabilities of the Company whose functional currency is not US$, are translated into US$ in accordance with ASC Topic 830-30, “Translation of Financial Statement”, using the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at average rates prevailing during the period.
Translation of amounts from the functional currency of the Company into US$1 has been made at the following exchange rates for the respective years:
| For the years ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Period-end MYR : US$1 exchange rate | 4.72 | 4.42 | ||||||
| Period-average MYR : US$1 exchange rate | 4.65 | 4.46 | ||||||
Related Parties
The Company identifies related party transactions in accordance with ASC 850, “Related Party Disclosures.” A related party is generally defined as a person or entity that has control or significant influence over the Company, or vice versa, including directors, executive officers, significant shareholders, and their immediate family members, as well as entities under common control.
The Company’s Board of Directors, or a committee thereof, is responsible for reviewing and approving all material related party transactions.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments: cash and cash equivalents, account receivable, deposits and other receivables, amount due to related parties, account payable and other payables approximate at their fair values because of the short-term nature of these financial instruments.
The Company also follows the guidance of the ASC Topic 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820-10”), with respect to financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value. ASC 820-10 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1 : Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;
Level 2 : Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and
Level 3 : Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
As of March 31, 2024, and 2023, the Company did not have any non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements, at least annually, on a recurring basis, nor did the Company have any assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.
Net Income/(Loss) per Share
The Company calculates net income/(loss) per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, “Earnings per Share.” Basic income/(loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income/(loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income per share is computed similar to basic income/(loss) per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive.
| F-13 |
Lease
The Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02, on April 1, 2019 (date of inception). The Company leases an office and laboratory for fixed periods pre-emptive extension options. The Company recognizes lease payments for its short-term lease on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
As of March 31, 2024, the Company has one operating lease of which lease liability is initially and subsequently measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received. Costs associated with operating lease assets are recognized on a straight-line basis within operating expenses over the term of the lease.
In determining the present value of the unpaid lease payments, ASC 842 requires a lessee to discount its unpaid lease payments using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, its incremental borrowing rate. As most of the Company leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate for the lease. The Company incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments.
Accounts Receivable
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of accounts receivable. The Company extends credit to its customers in the normal course of business and generally does not require collateral. The Company’s credit terms are dependent upon the customer. The Company assesses the probability of collection from each customer at the outset of the arrangement based on a number of factors, including the customer’s payment history and its current creditworthiness. If in management’s judgment collection is not probable, the Company does not record revenue until the uncertainty is removed.
Management performs ongoing credit evaluations, and the Company maintains an allowance for potential credit losses based upon its loss history and its aging analysis. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of credit losses in existing accounts receivable. Management reviews the allowance for doubtful accounts each reporting period based on a detailed analysis of trade receivables. In the analysis, management primarily considers the age of the customer’s receivable, and also considers the creditworthiness of the customer, the economic conditions of the customer’s industry, general economic conditions and trends, and the business relationship and history with its customers, among other factors. If any of these factors change, the Company may also change its original estimates, which could impact the level of the Company’s future allowance for doubtful accounts. If judgments regarding the collectability of receivables were incorrect, adjustments to the allowance may be required, which would reduce profitability. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the longest credit term for certain customers are 60 days.
Accounts receivable is recognized and carried at the original invoice amount less an allowance for any uncollectible amounts. An estimate for doubtful accounts receivable is made when collection of the full amount is no longer probable. Bad debts are written off as identified. For the year ended March 31, 2024, the Company has no allowance for expected credit loss recognized for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
The Company adopted ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326), which replaces the incurred loss methodology with an expected credit loss methodology known as the Current Expected Credit Loss (CECL) model. This new standard requires entities to estimate credit losses over the life of a financial asset based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable forecasts.
| F-14 |
The adoption of the CECL model applies to the Company’s portfolio of accounts receivable and other financial assets, and resulted in changes to the methodology for determining the allowance for credit losses. Under the CECL model, the Company recognizes an allowance for credit losses at the inception of a financial asset and adjusts it over the life of the asset based on updated expectations of credit losses. Given the nature of our receivables, the Company primarily assesses credit losses based on historical default rates adjusted for current conditions. The estimation process is periodically reviewed to ensure relevance to current economic factors.
The Company applies the simplified approach under ASC 326, recognizing lifetime expected credit losses upon initial recognition. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company has not recognized any credit losses on accounts receivable, as customers have demonstrated good repayment behaviour. The Company continuously monitors customer payment patterns and will reassess credit loss provisions if necessary.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures”, which expands annual and interim disclosure requirements for reportable segments, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The ASU 2023-07 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU may have on its financial statements and related disclosures.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures”. The ASU requires that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income or loss by the applicable statutory income tax rate). The ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. As an emerging growth company, the Company is currently evaluating the impact of these standards on its financial statements and related disclosures.
In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-02 Codification Improvements – Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements. This ASU amends the ASC by removing references to various FASB Concepts Statements to simplify the ASC and draw a distinction between authoritative and non-authoritative literature. The amendments in this update apply to all reporting entities within the scope of the affected accounting guidance and are effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU may have on its financial statements and related disclosures.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40), which requires enhanced disclosures of certain income statement expenses. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01 to clarify the effective date of ASU 2024-03. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted, either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of these standards on its financial statements and related disclosures.
In March 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-02, Liabilities (Topic 405): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 122, which removes certain SEC guidance related to obligations to safeguard crypto-assets. The Company does not engage in activities involving crypto-assets; therefore, the adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on its financial statements.
In May 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-04, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Clarifications to Share-Based Consideration Payable to a Customer, which amends ASC 718 and ASC 606 to (i) expand the definition of a performance condition to include vesting tied to a customer’s own purchases or the purchases of the customer’s customers, (ii) require entities to estimate expected forfeitures, and (iii) clarify that the variable consideration guidance in ASC 606 does not apply to share-based consideration payable to a customer. The amendments are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2026, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our financial statements.
| F-15 |
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, which provides a practical expedient for measuring expected credit losses on current trade receivables and contract assets by assuming that current conditions remain unchanged over the life of the asset. The amendments are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our financial statements.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11 “Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements”. This ASU provides a comprehensive list of required interim disclosures and introduces a disclosure principle requiring entities to disclose events since the end of the last annual reporting period that have a material impact on the entity. This ASU is effective for interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of adopting of this ASU.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-12 “Codification Improvements”. This ASU represents changes to the Codification that (1) clarify, (2) correct errors, or (3) make minor improvements. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of adopting of this ASU.
The Company reviews new accounting standards as issued. Management has not identified any other new standards that it believes will have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
3. GOING CONCERN UNCERTAINTIES
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has an accumulated deficit of $2,110,745 as of March 31, 2024. Furthermore, the Company recorded a negative working capital of $773,014 as of March 31, 2024.
The Company’s cash position may not be sufficient to support the Company’s daily operations. While the Company believes in the viability of its strategy and in its ability to raise additional funds, there can be no assurances to that effect. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to improve profitability and the ability to acquire financial support from its major shareholders.
These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that financial statements are issued. These financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result in the Company not being able to continue as a going concern.
| F-16 |
4. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
| As of March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Accounts receivable, gross | $ | 107,447 | $ | 76,760 | ||||
| Allowance for expected credit loss | - | - | ||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | $ | 107,447 | $ | 76,760 | ||||
5. PREPAID EXPENSES, DEPOSITS & OTHER RECEIVABLES
| As of March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Prepaid expenses | $ | 16,747 | $ | 17,407 | ||||
| Deposits | 16,343 | 271 | ||||||
| Other receivables | 8,738 | 6,638 | ||||||
| Total | $ | 41,828 | $ | 24,316 | ||||
Prepaid expenses represent the payments of insurance, service and maintenance fees.
Deposits represent the deposit payments of building rental and rental of photocopy machine.
As at March 31, 2024, other receivable mainly represents the downpayment for plant and equipment.
As at March 31, 2023, other receivable mainly represents prepayment made for goods to be received.
6. INVENTORIES
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company’s inventories consisted of the following:
| As of March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Consumables and supplies | $ | 41,809 | $ | 42,235 | ||||
| Finished goods | 216 | 2,648 | ||||||
| Inventories | $ | 42,025 | $ | 44,883 | ||||
The Company classifies laboratory consumables used in the production process as inventory, as they are consumed in the manufacturing of finished goods, but are not incorporated into the final product.
7. PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
| As of March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Office equipment | $ | 13,101 | $ | 5,404 | ||||
| Renovation | 837,994 | 17,990 | ||||||
| Furniture and fittings | 805 | 2,016 | ||||||
| Electrical equipment | 1,154 | 1,233 | ||||||
| Laboratory equipment | 250,461 | 197,641 | ||||||
| Computer and software | 22,060 | 16,230 | ||||||
| CCTV | - | 1,220 | ||||||
| Total plant and equipment | $ | 1,125,575 | $ | 241,734 | ||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation | (72,696 | ) | (68,244 | ) | ||||
| Total plant and equipment | $ | 1,052,879 | $ | 173,490 | ||||
For the year ended March 31, 2024, the Company has invested in office equipment, renovation and laboratory equipment and computer and software.
For the year ended March 31, 2023, the Company has invested in office equipment, laboratory equipment and computer and software.
Depreciation expenses for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $20,960 and $29,662 respectively.
| F-17 |
8. ACCRUED LIABILITIES AND OTHER PAYABLE
| As of March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Accrued expenses | $ | 1,059 | $ | 29,267 | ||||
| Accrued audit fees | 43,556 | 92,620 | ||||||
| Accrued laboratory rental fees | 45,726 | 63,307 | ||||||
| Other payable | 385,519 | 411,747 | ||||||
| Total | $ | 475,860 | $ | 596,941 | ||||
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the accrued expenses of the Company consist of accrued salary, rental, utilities bills, taxation fee and professional fee.
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company has other payable of $385,519 and $411,747 respectively. This other payable consist of amount payable to a third party. Refer Note 18 for further details.
9. DEFERRED REVENUE
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company has deferred revenue of $501,669 and $0 respectively. The deferred revenue represents payment received from the customers for which the Company is yet to perform the obligations of delivering the goods to the customers.
10. AMOUNT DUE TO DIRECTORS
As of March 31, 2024, there were two directors of the Company who advanced a total of $463,639 to the Company. As of March 31, 2023, there was one director of the Company who advanced $9,219 to the Company. The amount due to directors is unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
11. AMOUNT DUE TO A RELATED PARTY
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company has an outstanding amount due to a related party, amounting to $228,708 and $60,507 respectively.
The table below sets forth the major related parties and their relationships with the Company:
| Name of Related Parties | Relationship with the Company | |
| Ramesh A/L Saravanamuthu | Chief Executive Officer, Director of the Company | |
| Khor Jiak Woen | Director of Meluha Therapeutics Berhad, resigned on April 20, 2024 and wife of Ramesh A/L Saravanamuthu | |
| Reliance Medical Sdn. Bhd. | Our CEO, Mr. Ramesh A/L Saravanamuthu is the director and controlling shareholder of this company | |
| Armada Upaya Sdn. Bhd. | Our CEO, Mr. Ramesh A/L Saravanamuthu is the director and controlling shareholder of this company |
The related party balances comprised the following at the end of the years:
| As
of March 31, 2024 | As
of March 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Amount due to a related party | ||||||||
| Reliance Medical Sdn. Bhd. | $ | 235,387 | $ | 69,261 | ||||
| Accounts receivable | ||||||||
| Reliance Medical Sdn. Bhd. | $ | (6,679 | ) | $ | (8,754 | ) | ||
| Amount due to a related party, net | $ | 228,708 | $ | 60,507 | ||||
| F-18 |
The amount due to related party consists of non-trade portion while the accounts receivable consists of trade receivables. The amount due to related party for non-trade portion is unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
The Company leases one office space with fee from Armada Upaya Sdn. Bhd. with the following address:
| Property Address | Leasing Period | Monthly Leasing Fee | ||||||||
| 1. | Lot 8D, Jalan Teknologi 3/6, Kawasan Perindustrian Nouvelle, Taman Sains Selangor, 1, Pju 5 Kota Damansara, 47810 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. | September 15, 2023 to June 30, 2039 | $ | 8,166 | ||||||
The related party transactions comprised the following for the years ended:
| March
31, 2024 | March
31, 2023 | |||||||
| Included in revenue | ||||||||
| Reliance Medical Sdn. Bhd. | $ | 78,733 | $ | 135,122 | ||||
| Included in cost of revenue | ||||||||
| Reliance Medical Sdn. Bhd. | $ | 7,307 | $ | 11,668 | ||||
| Included in general and administrative expenses | ||||||||
| Rental storage costs - Khor Jiak Woen | $ | 2,579 | $ | 2,693 | ||||
| Lease expense – Armada Upaya Sdn. Bhd.* | $ | 52,676 | $ | - | ||||
*Lease payments of $52,115 and $nil were paid to Armada Upaya Sdn. Bhd. for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 respectively.
12. HIRE PURCHASE
In August 2020, the Company acquired a laboratory equipment financed by $136,513 hire purchase loan for 60 months at a fixed flat rate of 6.38% per annum with first installment commencing August 2020 and monthly installment amounted approximately $3,001.
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the details of hire purchase liabilities are as follows:
| As of March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Hire purchase, gross | ||||||||
| Current portion obligations | $ | 31,754 | $ | 33,914 | ||||
| Non-current portion obligations | 10,585 | 45,219 | ||||||
| Less: Future interest charges | (2,854 | ) | (9,098 | ) | ||||
| Hire purchase, net | $ | 39,485 | $ | 70,035 | ||||
| Current portion obligations | 29,110 | 27,864 | ||||||
| Non-current portion obligations | 10,375 | 42,171 | ||||||
| Total hire purchase obligations | $ | 39,485 | $ | 70,035 | ||||
Interest expenses incurred on hire purchase obligations for the year ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are $5,751 and $9,207 respectively.
Maturities of the loan for the remaining years are as follows:
| Year ending March 31 | ||||
| 2025 | $ | 21,549 | ||
| 2026 | 17,936 | |||
| Total | $ | 39,485 | ||
| F-19 |
13. LEASE RIGHT-OF-USE ASSET AND LEASE LIABILITIES
The Company officially adopted ASC 842 for the period on and after April 1, 2022 as permitted by ASU 2016-02. ASC 842 originally required all entities to use a “modified retrospective” transition approach that is intended to maximize comparability and be less complex than a full retrospective approach. On July 30, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11 to provide entities with relief from the costs of implementing certain aspects of the new leasing standard, ASU 2016-02, which permits entities to elect not to recast the comparative periods presented when transitioning to ASC 842. As permitted by ASU 2018-11, the Company elects not to recast comparative periods.
As of April 1, 2022, the Company recognized approximately $107,631, lease liability as well as right-of-use asset for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date. Initial lease liabilities are measured at present value of the sum of remaining rental payments as of April 1, 2022, with discounted rate of 4.23% adopted from Bank Negara Malaysia’s base lending rate as a reference for discount rate, as this bank is the national bank of Malaysia. For the year ended March 31, 2024, the Company entered into a new office leasing agreement with monthly leasing fee of approximately $8,166 and tenancy period from September 15, 2023 to December 31, 2024. Initial lease liabilities are measured at present value of the sum of remaining rental payments as of September 15, 2023, with discounted rate of 3.66% adopted from Bank Negara Malaysia’s base lending rate as a reference for discount rate.
The total lease cost is recognized over the lease term on a straight-line basis. All cash payments of operating lease cost are classified within operating activities in the statement of cash flows.
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the right of use assets totaled $70,972 and $34,542, respectively.
For the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the amortization of the right of use assets amounted to $82,211 and $73,089, respectively.
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, operating lease liabilities consist of the following:
| As of March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Operating lease | ||||||||
| Lease liabilities – current portion | $ | 71,525 | $ | 34,542 | ||||
| Lease liabilities – non-current portion | - | - | ||||||
| Total | $ | 71,525 | $ | 34,542 | ||||
Maturities of the operating lease for the remaining years are as follows:
| Year ending March 31 | ||||
| 2025 | $ | 72,399 | ||
| Less: imputed interest | (874 | ) | ||
| Total operating lease liabilities, net of interest | $ | 71,525 | ||
Other lease information is as follows:
| For the years ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | ||||||||
| Operating cash flow to operating lease | $ | 82,897 | $ | 72,535 | ||||
| Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities | 120,841 | 107,631 | ||||||
| Remaining lease term for operating lease (years) | 0.75 | 0.50 | ||||||
| Weighted average discount rate for operating lease | 3.66 | % | 4.23 | % | ||||
| F-20 |
14. CONCENTRATION OF RISK
(a) Major Customers
For the year ended March 31, 2024, the Company generated revenue of $1,006,110, of which one customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue. For the year ended March 31, 2023, the Company generated revenue of $563,130, of which three customers accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue. The customers who accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue and its outstanding receivable balance at period-end is presented below:
| For the years ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | Percentage of Revenue | Accounts receivable | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer A | $ | 730,674 | $ | - | 73 | % | - | % | $ | 100,356 | $ | - | ||||||||||||
| Customer B | - | 232,235 | - | % | 41 | % | - | 75,177 | ||||||||||||||||
| Customer C | - | 176,588 | - | % | 31 | % | - | 1,583 | ||||||||||||||||
| Customer D | - | 135,122 | - | % | 24 | % | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
| Others | 275,436 | 19,185 | 27 | % | 4 | % | 7,091 | - | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 1,006,110 | $ | 563,130 | 100 | % | 100 | % | $ | 107,447 | $ | 76,760 | ||||||||||||
(b) Major Suppliers
For the year ended March 31, 2024, the Company incurred purchases of $73,793, of which one supplier accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s purchases. For the year ended March 31, 2023, the Company incurred purchases of $150,096, of which one supplier accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s purchases. The suppliers who accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s purchases and its outstanding payable balance at period-end is presented below:
| For the years ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases | Percentage of Purchases | Accounts payable | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supplier A | $ | 13,929 | $ | 27,401 | 19 | % | 18 | % | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||||||
| Others | 59,864 | 122,695 | 81 | % | 82 | % | 51,173 | 8,538 | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 73,793 | $ | 150,096 | 100 | % | 100 | % | $ | 51,173 | $ | 8,538 | ||||||||||||
(c) Economic and political risk
The Company’s major operations are conducted in Malaysia. Accordingly, the political, economic, and legal environments in Malaysia, as well as the Malaysia’s economy, may influence the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations. Furthermore, the Company’s operations may also be affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion, remittances abroad, and rates and methods of taxation in Malaysia.
(d) Exchange rate risk
The Company cannot guarantee that the current exchange rate will remain stable, therefore there is a possibility that the Company could post the same amount of income for two comparable periods and because of the fluctuating exchange rate post higher or lower income depending on exchange rate converted into US$ at the end of the financial year. The exchange rate could fluctuate depending on changes in political and economic environments without notice.
| F-21 |
15. INCOME TAX
The income/(loss) before income taxes of the Company for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were comprised of the following:
| For the years ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Tax jurisdictions from: | ||||||||
| – Malaysia | $ | 683,046 | $ | (40,641 | ) | |||
| Income/(loss) before income taxes | $ | 683,046 | $ | (40,641 | ) | |||
The tax expense, assets and liabilities consisted of the following:
| For
the years ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Current income tax: | ||||||||
| - Local | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
| - Foreign | $ | 674 | $ | 30,505 | ||||
| Deferred tax expense | ||||||||
| - Local | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
| - Foreign | $ | 15,607 | $ | - | ||||
| Total tax expense | $ | 16,281 | $ | 30,505 | ||||
| Deferred tax assets: | ||||||||
| - Local | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
| - Foreign | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||||||
| - Local | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
| - Foreign | $ | 42,635 | $ | 29,116 | ||||
| Tax assets: | ||||||||
| - Local | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
| - Foreign | $ | 1,738 | $ | 893 | ||||
During the periods presented, the Company was operated in Malaysia and hence is subject to tax in the jurisdiction of Malaysia with the effective tax rate as follow:
Malaysia
The Company is subject to the Malaysian Corporate Tax Laws whereby the Company is subject to the corporate tax rate of 24% as the Company has a paid-up capital exceeding MYR 2,500,000 (approximately $529,235). Accordingly, the Company is taxed at the prevailing corporate tax rate of 24% on their assessable income for the relevant year of assessment.
For the year ended March 31, 2024, the Company generated net income before tax of $683,046 and incurred a net loss before tax of $40,641 for the year ended March 31, 2023.
On June 10, 2014, Meluha Therapeutics Berhad was awarded BioNexus Status, as approved by the Minister of Finance, Malaysia. This status granted the Company a 100% tax exemption on profits derived from approved activities for a period of 10 years, starting from the year it derived its first statutory income in 2015. Therefore, the tax exemption period runs from 2015 to 2024, with the expiry on June 30, 2024.
| F-22 |
Effective and Statutory Rate Reconciliation
The following table summarizes a reconciliation of the Company’s tax expenses:
| For the Years Ended March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Malaysia statutory tax rate | 24 | % | 24 | % | ||||
| Computed expected expenses | $ | 163,931 | $ | (9,754 | ) | |||
| Income not subject to tax | (75,407 | ) | (7,583 | ) | ||||
| Tax effect on non-deductible expenses | 21,113 | 55,101 | ||||||
| BioNexus Status exemption | (78,787 | ) | - | |||||
| Reversal of valuation allowance | (14,569 | ) | (7,259 | ) | ||||
| Tax expense | $ | 16,281 | $ | 30,505 | ||||
The following table sets forth the significant components of the aggregate deferred tax liabilities of the Company as of March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023:
| As of March 31, | ||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | $ | 42,635 | $ | 29,116 | ||||
| Deferred tax assets: | ||||||||
| Net operating loss carryforwards | ||||||||
| – Malaysia | $ | - | $ | 14,569 | ||||
| Less: valuation allowance | - | (14,569 | ) | |||||
| Deferred tax assets, net | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
The following table shows the movement impact on statement of operations:
| Deferred tax assets | Valuation allowance | Deferred tax liabilities | Net deferred tax liabilities | |||||||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2023 | $ | 14,569 | $ | (14,569 | ) | $ | (29,116 | ) | $ | (29,116 | ) | |||||
| Change during the year recognized in income tax expense | (14,569 | ) | 14,569 | (13,519 | ) | (13,519 | ) | |||||||||
| Balance as of March 31, 2024 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (42,635 | ) | $ | (42,635 | ) | ||||||
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized deferred tax liabilities primarily arising from taxable temporary differences. During the year ended March 31, 2024, the Company utilized the assessed loss carried forward from prior years to offset taxable income generated during the year. The utilization of such assessed losses resulted in a decrease in deferred tax assets and a corresponding decrease in the related valuation allowance. Deferred tax liabilities as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 were $42,635 and $29,116, respectively. The reversal of deferred tax liabilities in future periods may result in taxable income and income taxes payable, depending on the Company’s future taxable profits and applicable tax laws.
| F-23 |
16. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
The regulations in Malaysia, do not require a company to have authorized stocks and par value of stocks.
As of March 31, 2024 the Company has 10,000,000 shares of common stock issued and outstanding with an aggregate value of $3,241,314. The shares have no par value.
During the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not issue any shares of common stock.
17. SEGMENT REPORTING
ASC 280, “Segment Reporting” establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments on a basis consistent with the Company’s internal organization structure as well as information about services categories, business segments and major customers in financial statements. The Company has single reportable segment based on business unit, healthcare products manufacturing business and single reportable segment based on country, Malaysia.
In accordance with the “Segment Reporting” Topic of the ASC, the Company uses the “management approach” in determining reportable segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Company’s reportable segments. The Company’s CODM has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Director, who reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the entire Company. Significant segment expenses are the same as these presented under the operating costs and expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The CODM reviews and utilizes these financial metrics together with non-financial metrics to make operation decisions, such as the determination of the price at which the Company charges for its products and services and the allocation of budget between operating costs and expense. The Company’s chief operating decision maker has assessed that the single material operating unit qualify for aggregation under “Segment Reporting” due to its specific customer base and economic characteristics; nature of products and services; and procurement, manufacturing and distribution processes. The Company also operates in one geographical segment, being Malaysia.
| For
the Year Ended and As of March 31, 2024 | ||||||||
| By Business Unit | Biotechnology products | Total | ||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,006,110 | $ | 1,006,110 | ||||
| Cost of revenue | (205,682 | ) | (205,682 | ) | ||||
| General and administrative expenses | (428,635 | ) | (428,635 | ) | ||||
| Income from operations | 371,793 | 371,793 | ||||||
| Total assets | $ | 2,172,521 | $ | 2,172,521 | ||||
| Capital expenditure | $ | 938,087 | $ | 938,087 | ||||
| F-24 |
| For
the Year Ended and As of March 31, 2024 | ||||||||
| By Country | Malaysia | Total | ||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,006,110 | $ | 1,006,110 | ||||
| Cost of revenue | (205,682 | ) | (205,682 | ) | ||||
| General and administrative expenses | (428,635 | ) | (428,635 | ) | ||||
| Gain from operations | 371,793 | 371,793 | ||||||
| Total assets | $ | 2,172,521 | $ | 2,172,521 | ||||
| Capital expenditure | $ | 938,087 | $ | 938,087 | ||||
| For
the Year Ended and As of March 31, 2023 | ||||||||
| By Business Unit | Biotechnology products | Total | ||||||
| Revenue | $ | 563,130 | $ | 563,130 | ||||
| Cost of revenue | (222,546 | ) | (222,546 | ) | ||||
| General and administrative expenses | (400,815 | ) | (400,815 | ) | ||||
| Loss from operations | (60,231 | ) | (60,231 | ) | ||||
| Total assets | $ | 425,504 | $ | 425,504 | ||||
| Capital expenditure | $ | 15,599 | $ | 15,599 | ||||
| For
the Year Ended and As of March 31, 2023 | ||||||||
| By Country | Malaysia | Total | ||||||
| Revenue | $ | 563,130 | $ | 563,130 | ||||
| Cost of revenue | (222,546 | ) | (222,546 | ) | ||||
| General and administrative expenses | (400,815 | ) | (400,815 | ) | ||||
| Loss from operations | (60,231 | ) | (60,231 | ) | ||||
| Total assets | $ | 425,504 | $ | 425,504 | ||||
| Capital expenditure | $ | 15,599 | $ | 15,599 | ||||
18. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
As of March 31, 2024, the Company has future commitments with regard to the repayment of lease liabilities, as disclosed in Note 13 to the financial statements.
For the year ended March 31, 2024, the Company was involved in a litigation matter relating to a demand notice issued by a third party. The third party requested the Company to repay the amount of MYR1,821,113 (USD translation amounts of $385,519), which had been previously advanced to the Company in relation to a contract manufacturing agreement dispute from 2018. It is reflected under Other Payables, as disclosed in Note 8 to the financial statements. The case has subsequently been settled via a court judgement in September 2025, whereby the court had ordered that MYR1,500,000 (USD translation amounts of $317,797) be repaid to the third party as full and final settlement for this case by October 13, 2025. The Company has subsequently settled the third party on October 10, 2025.
| F-25 |
19. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
In
accordance with ASC Topic 855, “Subsequent Events”, which establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure
of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued, the Company has evaluated all events or
transactions that occurred after March 31, 2024 up through the date the Company presented these audited financial statements.
| On July 29, 2024, the Company and the shareholders of the Company,
executed an Acquisition and Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Synergy Empire Limited (“SHMY”),
a company incorporated under the laws of Nevada, United States. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company agreed to sell 10,000,000 shares
of the Company (the “Meluha Shares”), representing all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company,
which were held by all the shareholders of the Company to SHMY. As consideration, SHMY agreed to issue to the shareholders of the Company,
10,000,000 shares of series A preferred stock with par value of $0.0001 per share (“Preferred Stock”), at a value of $0.2155
per share, for an aggregate value of $2,155,000. Each share of the series A Preferred Stock possesses a voting right, which equals
to each of SHMY’s common stock, with $0.0001 par value per share (“Common Stock”). SHMY consummated the acquisition
of the Company on March 28, 2025. It is our understanding that the shareholders of the Company are not U.S. Persons within the meaning
of Regulations S. Accordingly, the Preferred Stock are being sold pursuant to the exemption provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities
Act of 1933. Following the completion of the acquisition, (a) Ramesh A/L Saravanamuthu (beneficial owner of 3,359,438 shares of Preferred
Stock) possesses 29.1% of the voting power of SHMY and (b) Abdul Jalil bin Jidon (beneficial owner of 3,188,437 shares of Preferred
Stock) possesses 27.7% of the voting power of SHMY. As such these two shareholders will be able to unilaterally control the election
of SHMY board of directors, all matters upon which shareholder approval is required and, ultimately, the direction of SHMY. With the
exception of these two individuals, no other shareholder of SHMY possesses in excess of 10% of the voting power of SHMY. |
Other than the matters described above, the Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued and has determined that there were no additional subsequent events that require disclosure or adjustment to the financial statements.
| F-26 |