| Property, plant and equipment |
Property, plant and equipment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Leasehold improvements | | Factory and factory equipment | | Lab equipment | | Total | | Cost | | | | | | | | | | As at January 1, 2024 | | $ | 1,765,777 | | | $ | 944,682 | | | $ | 930,726 | | | $ | 3,641,185 | | | Additions | | — | | | 525,889 | | | 80,407 | | | 606,296 | | | Disposal | | — | | | (205,488) | | | — | | | (205,488) | | | Exchange adjustments | | (57,859) | | | (30,937) | | | (30,492) | | | (119,288) | | | As at December 31, 2024 | | 1,707,918 | | | 1,234,146 | | | 980,641 | | | 3,922,705 | | | Additions | | 466,834 | | | 560,481 | | | 2,209,839 | | | 3,237,154 | | | Disposal | | — | | | — | | | (840,398) | | | (840,398) | | | Exchange adjustments | | 82,726 | | | 65,045 | | | 72,575 | | | 220,346 | | | As at December 31, 2025 | | $ | 2,257,478 | | | $ | 1,859,672 | | | $ | 2,422,657 | | | $ | 6,539,807 | | | Depreciation | | | | | | | | | | As at January 1, 2024 | | $ | 161,057 | | | $ | 31,489 | | | $ | 51,707 | | | $ | 244,253 | | | Provided for the year | | 624,593 | | | 194,088 | | | 852,588 | | | 1,671,269 | | | Disposal | | — | | | (44,522) | | | — | | | (44,522) | | | Exchange adjustments | | (5,244) | | | (1,024) | | | (1,648) | | | (7,916) | | | As at December 31, 2024 | | 780,406 | | | 180,031 | | | 902,647 | | | 1,863,084 | | | Provided for the year | | 787,062 | | | 290,111 | | | 121,347 | | | 1,198,520 | | | Disposal | | — | | | — | | | (840,398) | | | (840,398) | | | Exchange adjustments | | 51,342 | | | 14,406 | | | 20,776 | | | 86,524 | | | As at December 31, 2025 | | $ | 1,618,810 | | | $ | 484,548 | | | $ | 204,372 | | | $ | 2,307,730 | | | Carrying values | | | | | | | | | | As at December 31, 2025 | | $ | 638,668 | | | $ | 1,375,124 | | | $ | 2,218,285 | | | $ | 4,232,077 | | | As at December 31, 2024 | | $ | 927,512 | | | $ | 1,054,115 | | | $ | 77,994 | | | $ | 2,059,621 | |
The above items of property, plant and equipment are depreciated using a straight-line method at the following rates per annum: | | | | | | | | | | Leasehold improvement | | Over the term of the lease | | Factory and factory equipment | | 20% | | Lab equipment | | 33% |
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