| Other income and other net gains |
Other income and other gains and losses | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2025 | | 2024 | | Bank interest income | $ | 26,835,314 | | | $ | 31,280,591 | | | Consultancy and management service income | 468,000 | | | 468,000 | | | Sales and marketing service income | 420,916 | | | 240,716 | | | Others | 171,944 | | | 50,037 | | | Total other income | $ | 27,896,174 | | | $ | 32,039,344 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | 2025 | | 2024 | | Foreign exchange gain (loss), net | $ | 1,080,594 | | | $ | (2,489,614) | | Gain (loss) on disposal of property, plant and equipment
| 31,062 | | | (160,966) | | | Gain on lease modification | — | | | 104,493 | | | Waiver from amount due to a related company | 3,591,998 | | | — | | | Total other gains and losses, net | $ | 4,703,654 | | | $ | (2,546,087) | |
|