The value of RMB, HKD and JPY against US$ may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in the political and economic conditions. Any significant revaluation of RMB, HKD or JPY may materially affect the Company’s financial condition in terms of US$ reporting. The following table outlines the currency exchange rates that were used in creating the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements:

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, the Group’s demand deposit placed with financial institutions, which have original maturities of less than three months and unrestricted as to withdrawal and use.

Accounts receivable represents the Company’s right to consideration in exchange for goods and services that the Company has transferred to the customers before payment is due. Accounts receivable is stated at the historical carrying amount, net of an estimated allowance for uncollectible accounts. The group has adopted ASU 2016-13 on a modified retrospective basis since October 1, 2023, and the impact on opening balance is $863,328. The allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable is based upon the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) model. The CECL model requires an estimate of the credit losses expected over the life of accounts receivable since initial recognition, and accounts receivable with similar risk characteristics are grouped together when estimating CECL. In assessing the CECL, the Company applies a roll rate-based method that considers historical collectability based on past due status, the age of the balances, credit quality of the Company’s customers based on ongoing credit evaluations, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and other factors that may affect the Company’s ability to collect from customers. The Company’s management continues to evaluate the reasonableness of the valuation allowance policy and updates it if necessary. Additionally, the Company evaluates individual customer’s financial condition, credit history, and the current economic conditions to make specific provision of credit loss when it is considered necessary, based on (i)the Company’s specific assessment of the collectability of all significant accounts, and (ii) any specific knowledge the Company has acquired that might indicate that an account is uncollectible. The fact and circumstance of each account may require the Company to use substantial judgment in assessing its collectability, The allowance is based on management’s best estimate of specific losses on individual exposures, as well as a provision on historical trends of collections. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company’s management continues to evaluate the reasonableness of the valuation allowance policy and updates it if necessary. The allowance for credit losses, as of March 31, 2026 and September 30, 2025 were $2,584,280 and $2,304,356, respectively.

Specific allowance for credit losses

The Group identify specific allowance for clients of fully managed e-commerce operation services business based on the credit term. There are 4 clients with account receivables of $4,468,852 as of March 31, 2026. The group provided credit terms from seven to nine months based on the company’s experience. Online stores usually invest a relatively large portion of their profits in advertising and promotions in the early stage. Generally, it will take seven to nine months before there is a certain amount of surplus funds. The allowance for credit losses was $913,523 and $751,838 for those four clients as of March 31, 2026 and September 30, 2025. The company conducted due diligence on clients in the early stage and it is expected that there is no risk of credit loss, so no credit loss had been accrued for amounts that have not yet reached the credit period.

For purposes of this section only, the term “Customers” shall mean (i) cross-border e-commerce sellers (both enterprises and individuals) that purchase products, e-commerce operation training, and software support services, (ii) media that pay the Company’s subsidiaries commissions. (iii) the owners of online store in fully managed e-commerce operation services business. (iv) the headset distributors of Headset Trademark and Patent Licensing business.

Inventories, primarily consisting of finished goods, are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with net realized value represented by estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of disposal and transportation. Cost of inventory is determined using the weighted average cost method. The Group records inventory valuation allowance for obsolete inventories based upon assumptions on current and future demand forecast. The Group reviews inventory to determine whether the carrying value exceeds the estimated net realizable value. If the inventory on hand is in excess of the estimated net realizable value, inventory valuation allowance is estimated and recorded by lowering the cost of inventory to the estimated net realizable value for slow-moving merchandise and damaged products, which is dependent upon factors such as historical and forecasted consumer demand. Once inventory valuation allowance is recorded, a new, lower cost basis for that inventory is established and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase in that newly established cost basis. Inventory valuation allowance balance as of March 31, 2026 and September 30,2025 were $85,325 and $95,003, respectively.

Property and equipment, other than freehold land, are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any, and depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Cost represents the purchase price of the asset and other costs incurred to bring the asset into its intended use. Estimated useful lives are as follows:

Repair and maintenance costs are charged to expenses as incurred, whereas the cost of renewals and betterment that extends the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized as additions to the related assets. Retirements, sales and disposals of assets are recorded by removing the costs, accumulated depreciation and impairment with any resulting gain or loss recognized in the consolidated statements of income.

The Group reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may no longer be recoverable. When these events occur, the Group measures impairment by comparing the carrying value of the long-lived assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected undiscounted cash flow is less than the carrying amount of the assets, the Group would recognize an impairment loss, which is the excess of carrying amount over the fair value of the assets, using the expected future discounted cash flows. No impairments of long-lived assets were recognized as of March 31,2026 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

The Company provides short-term loans to third parties with maturities of less than one year, which are classified as current assets on the balance sheet. These short-term loans are initially recognized at the principal amount lent to the borrower.

Interest Recognition: For loans to third parties with maturities of less than one year, the Company has elected not to apply the effective interest method as permitted under US GAAP for short-term receivables. Instead, interest income is recognized on a straight-line basis over the loan term, which approximates the effective interest method given the short-term nature of these loans.

Impairment: The Company assesses these short-term loans for impairment at each reporting date. If there is objective evidence of impairment, a loss allowance is recognized immediately in the income statement. The allowance is measured as the difference between the loan’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate.

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation under ASC 718 “Compensation - Stock Compensation” using the fair value-based method. Under this method, compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award and is recognized over the shorter period of the service or the vesting period of the stock-based compensation. This guidance establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. It also addresses transactions in which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments.

The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option at the grant date by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Determining the fair value of stock-based compensation at the grant date under this model requires judgment, including estimating volatility, employee stock option exercise behaviors and forfeiture rates. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based compensation represent the Company’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment.

When determining fair value of stock options, the Company considers the following assumptions in the Black-Scholes model:

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging -Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models available for convertible debt instruments. For share-settled convertible debt and convertible preferred stock, the if-converted method is typically used to account for diluted earnings per share. For public companies, the guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The company adopted this standard beginning October 1, 2023. Following the adoption of ASU 2020-06 Convertible notes are recorded and disclosed as convertible notes payable, net of unamortized discount.

On September 18, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (“SPA”) with certain institutional investors, pursuant to which, the Company issued to the investors (the “Holders”), (i) convertible promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of US$10,830,000 (the “Par value”), bearing interest at a rate of 8% per annum and having a term of one year from issuance date, issued with an aggregate original issue discount of US$800,000, and (ii) 9,300,000 Class A Ordinary Shares (“Pre-delivery Shares”) of the Company in aggregate at the purchase price equal to par value of US$0.00025 per share, which is for pre-delivery and subject to the Company’s repurchase right upon repayment of the notes. The Holders have the right at any time upon issuance until the Outstanding Balance (the principal amount plus accrued but unpaid interest of being repaid, collection and enforcements costs incurred by lender, transfer, stamp, issuance and similar taxes and fees related to conversions, and any other fees or charges incurred under this convertible note as of any date of determination) has been paid in full, at their election, to convert all or any portion of the Outstanding Balance into shares at the price of the lower of (i) $1.20, or (ii) 70% of the lowest closing price of the Company’s ordinary shares during the 60-trading day period immediately preceding the date on which a conversion notice is provided to the Company.

In addition, pursuant to the securities purchase agreement, the Company has the option to prepay the notes with payment of an amount equal to 120% of the Outstanding Balance. In the event that the Company receives a delisting notice from the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, the Holders have rights to request redemption of the notes by the Company. In the event that the Company has redeemed an amount equal to half of original principal amount in cash, any subsequent redemption in cash is subject to a twenty-five percent (25%) premium. The securities purchase agreement and the notes contain certain other representations and warranties, covenants and events of default customary for similar transactions.

On October 16, 2024 (the “Closing Date”), the Company completed its issuance and sale of the note and issuance of Class A Ordinary Shares pursuant to the securities purchase agreement. The gross proceeds from the sale of the notes were $10,000,000, prior to deducting transaction fees and estimated expenses. The Company intended to use the proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes.

On December 18, 2024, the Company and the Holders entered into an amendment to SPA, pursuant to which, (i) the parties mutually agreed to add a conversion floor price of $0.24 per share to the convertible promissory notes, and (ii) the parties mutually agreed to add the maximum number of the conversion shares that each Note Investor may receive and the Company shall issue under the securities purchase agreement and applicable the convertible notes.

The Company has identified and evaluated the embedded features of the convertible notes, and concluded that (i) the Company call option, contingent interest features for event of default, and event of delisting put option are clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument and, therefore, are not required to be bifurcated under ASC 815, (ii) the conversion right is eligible for a scope exception from derivative accounting and is not required to be bifurcated under ASC 815. Consequently, the Company accounts for the convertible notes as a liability following the respective guidance of ASC 815 and ASC 470.

As Pre-delivery shares can be separately exercised, i.e. each can continue to exist unchanged when the other is exercised, the Company concluded that they were freestanding. The Pre-delivery Shares are considered a form of stock borrowing facility and are accounted for as own-share lending arrangement. The Company did not receive any proceeds or pay any consideration related to the Pre-delivery Shares, except that the Company received a one-time nominal fee of US$2,325 upon the issuance of the Pre-delivery Shares and will pay the same amount to the investors upon the return of Pre-delivery Shares, respectively. The Pre-delivery Shares were issued on October 16, 2024. The Company accounted for the share lending arrangement as an issuance cost and recorded at fair value upon issuance date against additional paid-in capital. Although legally issued, the Pre-delivery Shares were not considered outstanding and therefore excluded from basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share unless default of the share lending arrangement occurs, at which time the Pre-delivery Shares would be included in the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation.

On July 17, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with an investor pursuant to which the Company may issue up to $30.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured convertible notes convertible into Class A ordinary shares of the Company. At the initial closing on July 17, 2025, the Company issued a senior unsecured convertible note with a principal amount of $3.5 million (the “Initial Note”). The Initial Note was issued at an original issue discount of 10%, bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum, and matures on July 17, 2027. The Notes are convertible at the option of the holder for a number of the Company’s Class A ordinary shares equal to 110% of the sum of (a) the portion of the outstanding principal and (b) accrued and unpaid interest. The conversion price (“Conversion Price”) is initially set at the closing price of the Company’s Class A ordinary shares on the trading day immediately prior to the closing date. The Conversion Price is subject to periodic downward adjustments every three months if the then-current Conversion Price exceeds an alternate conversion price (“Alternate Conversion Price). The Alternate Conversion Price is defined as the lowest of (i) the then-effective Conversion Price, (ii) 90% of the lowest 10-day volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) during the ten consecutive trading days prior to conversion, and (iii) a floor price (“Floor Price”). The Floor Price was initially set at $0.494 and is also subject to downward adjustment every six months to an amount equal to 20% of the lower of the then-current closing price or the five-day average closing price prior to the adjustment date.

On October 6, 2025, the Company and the investor entered into amendments to the Initial Note and the related registration rights agreement (the “Amendments”). The Amendments removed provisions that permitted adjustment of the Floor Price and revised the definition of the Alternate Conversion Price to the lower of (i) the Conversion Price then in effect and (ii) the greater of the Floor Price and 90% of the lowest daily VWAP of the Company’s Class A ordinary shares during the ten trading days immediately preceding the applicable conversion notice.

The Company evaluated the embedded features of the Initial Note in accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. The Company has not elected the fair value option to account for the Initial Note. The Company concluded that the conversion option embedded in the Initial Note should be bifurcated and accounted for separately as a derivative liability on the basis that: (i) the economic characteristics and risks of the conversion option are not clearly and closely related to the debt host; (ii) the conversion option itself as a separate instrument meets the definition of a derivative instrument under ASC 815-10-15-83; and (iii) the conversion option does not qualify for the scope exception for contracts indexed to the Company’s own shares and classified in shareholders’ equity. Certain holder-controlled redemption features were also not considered clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument under ASC 815-15-25-42 as the settlement is based on changes in factors other than interest rates nor credit risk. Therefore, those redemption features are required to be bifurcated and accounted for separately.

Upon issuance, the Company recognized the fair value of the embedded derivative features as derivative liabilities, with a corresponding debt discount recorded as a reduction to the carrying amount of the host debt. The host debt is subsequently accounted for at amortized cost using the effective interest method, and the debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the term of the Initial Note. The derivative liabilities are remeasured at fair value at each reporting date, with changes in fair value recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.

Fair value measurement on Derivative Liability – Embedded Conversion Option.

The Company identifies derivative instruments arising from the embedded conversion option of debt. The fair value of the derivative liability is considered a level 3 valuation and is determined using the binominal valuation model. As of March 31, 2026, the fair value of the derivative liability was $285,128. The change for Level 3 items measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs are as follows:

Accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact, and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.

Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of inputs are:

Accounting guidance also describes three main approaches to measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset.

Financial assets and liabilities of the Group primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, amounts due from related parties, loan to third party, other receivables included in prepayments and other current assets, short-term debts, long-term debts, accounts payable, amounts due to related parties, and other payables included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities. The carrying amounts of these short-term financial instruments approximates their fair value due to their short-term nature. The long-term debts approximate their fair values, because the bearing interest rate approximates market interest rate, and market interest rates have not fluctuated significantly since the commencement of loan contracts signed.

The Group’s non-financial assets, such as property and equipment, would be measured at fair value only if they were determined to be impaired.

The Company accounts for treasury shares using the cost method. Under this method, the cost incurred to purchase the shares is recorded in the treasury shares account on the consolidated balance sheets. At retirement of the treasury shares, the ordinary shares account is charged only for the aggregate par value of the shares. The excess of the acquisition cost of treasury shares over the aggregate par value is allocated between additional paid-in capital and retained earnings.

In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to commitments and contingencies, including operating lease commitments, legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business that relate to a wide range of matters, such as government investigations and tax matters. The Group recognizes a liability for such contingency if it determines it is probable that a loss has occurred and a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made. The Group may consider many factors in making these assessments on liability for contingencies, including historical and the specific facts and circumstances of each matter.

The Group’s revenues are mainly generated from (i) cross-border sales, (ii) integrated e-commerce services, (iii) fully managed e-commerce operation services.

The Group recognizes revenue pursuant to ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). In accordance with ASC 606, revenues from contracts with Customers are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Group’s Customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Group expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services, reduced by estimates for return allowances, promotional discounts, rebates and business tax and Value Added Tax (“VAT”). To achieve the core principle of this standard, the Group applied the following five steps:

Each of our significant performance obligations and our application of ASC 606 to our revenue arrangements are discussed in further detail below.

Cross-border sales

The Group engages in the sale of food, beauty products, health products and other consumer products in Asia, by exploiting its advantages in global supply chain services and networks. The Group fulfils its performance obligation by transferring products to the designated location. In accordance with the Group’s customary business practices, for international sales, the delivery term is “Cost and Freight” (“CFR”, formerly known as “C&F”, which the seller bears the freight costs) and “Free on Board” (“FOB”, which the buyer bears the freight costs) shipping point. The majority of transactions were based on FOB. Under both delivery terms, once the products are loaded on board, control of products has transferred. Since shipping activities are performed after customers obtain control of the products, the Group elects to account for shipping as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the goods, in accordance with ASC 606-10-25-18B. Therefore, freight costs are accrued when products are delivered to the designated location, before shipping activities occur. For the remaining domestic sales, the control of products has transferred upon the time when the products are delivered to the place designated by customers. Shipping activities are performed before customers obtain control of the goods, and hence, should not be considered a separate performance obligation. As a result, both cost of goods and freight costs are recognized at the same time when products are delivered to the designated location, after shipping activities are completed. Revenue generated from cross-border sales is recognized based on the product value specified in the contract at a point in time when the control of products has transferred for both international sales and domestic sales.

The Company has two logistics methods. For the products exported from mainland China, the suppliers will directly deliver them to customers. For the products purchased directly from suppliers in Japan, the Company has its own warehouse in Japan. The products will be first sent to the company’s warehouse and then delivered to the customers.

For products shipped directly from suppliers to customers, pursuant to ASC 606-10-55-37A(a), the Group concludes that it obtains control of the products as the Group is primarily responsible for the contract and has pricing discretion. The Group is primarily responsible for the contract as it has the supplier discretion when executing orders and it is the only party that has a contractual relationship with customers. The Group establishes and obtains substantially all of the benefits from transactions, i.e. considerations paid by customers. Therefore, the Group considers itself to be the principal in the transactions on the basis that it is primary responsible to fulfill the promise and has the price discretion, pursuant to ASC 606-10-55-39.

For products shipped from the Group to customers, the Group considers itself the principal because it is in control of establishing the transaction price, arranging the whole process of transactions and bearing inventory risk. Therefore, such revenues are reported on a gross basis.

Headset Trademark and Patent Licensing

The Group enters into contracts with customers for the licensing of its headphone trademarks “Click Clack” and audio algorithm patents. The trademarks and related algorithm patents are combined as a single performance obligation within each contract, as they are highly interdependent and interrelated to deliver a combined licensed right to customers.

The Company does not participate in the production or sales of headphones. It charges customers a fixed royalty of US$10 per unit sold for the above licensed rights, and future functional upgrades are not covered by this fee.

Revenue for this performance obligation is recognized at a point in time when control of the combined license right is transferred to the customer, in accordance with the revenue recognition guidance. Considering the Group’s role as an agent without assuming principal responsibilities for production and sales activities, revenue from licensing is accounted for on a net basis. No corresponding cost of sales is recognized for such licensing revenue.

Integrated e-commerce services

The Group partners with premium social media platforms and provides digital marketing solutions to meet the needs of Customers and other cross-border e-commerce sellers and suppliers (the “Merchants”).

For digital marketing services, the Group acts as an authorized agent advocating Merchants to display ads on social media platforms. In return, the Group receives commission from social media platforms. Over the contract period, the Group continues to receive commissions from social media platforms over the contractual period when Merchants placed ads on the social media platforms. Revenue from digital marketing services is recognized over the contractual period for actual qualifying ads placed calculated by social media platforms. The Group has adopted “right to invoice” practical expedient and recognizes revenues based on quarterly billing reports received from social media platforms. The Group considers itself the agent because it is not primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to render digital marketing services. Therefore, such revenues are reported on a net basis. During the reporting period, all the revenue of the digital marketing services was generated from the Group acting as an authorized agent on behalf of social media platforms.

Fully managed e-commerce operation services

The Group provides fully managed e-commerce operation services for sellers on Japanese cross-border e-commerce platforms.

Usually, our clients have their own factories and products, and they open online stores on Japanese e-commerce platforms and then entrust the daily management and marketing of the stores to the group for full handling. The services mainly included:

The clients only need to be responsible for the delivery of goods. The Group charges 10% of the GMV(Gross Merchandise Volume) of the online shop as a service commission. The Group considers itself the agent because the online shops and inventories are owned by clients, the group only provides services and does not have the control right over the stores and inventories, neither bears the inventory risks. Therefore, such revenues are reported on a net basis.

For other integrated e-commerce services revenue is generated from e-commerce related training/consulting services and running TikTok anchors agent. For training/consulting services, the Group fulfils its performance obligation by providing e-commerce related training/consulting services, and revenue is recognized over the service period. For running TikTok anchors agent, the group charges management fee and commission monthly based on the live stream income from TikTok platform.

Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to Customers. Accounts receivable represent revenue recognized for the amounts invoiced and/or prior to invoicing when the Group has satisfied its performance obligation and has unconditional right to the payment. Contract assets represent the Group’s right to consideration in exchange for goods or services that the Group has transferred to a customer. The Group has no contract assets as of March 31, 2026 and September 30, 2025.

The contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue, which represent the billings or cash received for services in advance of revenue recognition and is recognized as revenue when all of the Group’s revenue recognition criteria are met. The Group’s deferred revenue which primarily arises from cross-border sales amounted to $54,811 and $79,711 as of March 31, 2026 and September 30, 2025, respectively. Revenue recognized in the current reporting period that was included in the contract liabilities at the beginning of the reporting period was $26,039 and $181,337 for the six months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. The Group expects to recognize this balance as revenue over the next 12 months.

Cost of revenues consists primarily of (i) cost of goods sold for cross-border sales; (ii) commission costs for digital marketing services; and (iii) the salaries of the staff in the e-commerce operation department for fully managed e-commerce operation services.

Research and development expenses consist primarily of (i) payroll and related expenses for research and development professionals; and (ii) technology services fee. Research and development expenses are expensed as incurred.

Selling and marketing expenses mainly consist of (i) salary and social welfare expenses; (ii) freight; and (iii) the advertising costs and market promotion expenses. The advertising costs were $1,492,818 and $758 for the six months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The advertising costs and market promotion expenses are expensed as incurred. The freight for sales of goods was included in selling and marketing expenses. The freight costs are expenses when incurred. The freight costs were $20 and $7,453 for the six months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

General and administrative expenses mainly consist of (i) salary and social welfare expenses; (ii) rental cost for offices; (iii) depreciation expenses; (iv) consulting fees; and (v) allowance for credit loss.

The Company’s subsidiaries participate in a government mandated, multiemployer, defined contribution plan, pursuant to which certain retirement, medical, housing and other welfare benefits are provided to employees. PRC labor laws require the entities incorporated in the PRC to pay to the local labor bureau a monthly contribution calculated at a stated contribution rate on the monthly basic compensation of qualified employees. The Group has no further commitments beyond its monthly contribution. Employee social benefits included in research and development expenses, selling and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income amounted to $40,658 and $31,048 for the six months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

On October 1, 2022, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Lease (FASB ASC Topic 842), using the non-comparative transition option pursuant to ASU 2018-11. Therefore, the Company has not restated comparative period financial information for the effects of ASC 842, and will not make the new required lease disclosures for comparative periods beginning before October 1, 2022. The adoption of Topic 842 resulted in the presentation of operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company has elected the package of practical expedients, which allows the Company not to reassess (1) whether any expired or existing contracts as of the adoption date are or contain a lease; (2) lease classification for any expired or existing leases as of the adoption date; and (3) initial direct costs for any expired or existing leases as of the adoption date. Lastly, the Company elected the short-term lease exemption for all contracts with lease terms of 12 months or less. The Company recognizes lease expense for short-term leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of the remaining future minimum lease payments. As the interest rate implicit in the Company’s leases is not readily determinable, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate, determined by class of underlying asset, to discount the lease payments. The operating lease right-of-use assets also include lease payments made before commencement and exclude lease incentives. Some of the Company’s lease agreements contained renewal options; however, the Company did not recognize right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for renewal periods unless it was determined that the Company was reasonably certain of renewing the lease at inception or when a triggering event occurred. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company’s lease agreements did not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Current income tax assets and liabilities for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from, or paid to, the tax authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period.

The Group accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, Income taxes (“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases (“Temporary differences”).

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those Temporary Differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which the asset or liability will be settled, based on rates enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The provisions of ASC 740-10-25, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” prescribe a more-likely-than-not threshold for consolidated financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken (or expected to be taken) in a tax return. This interpretation also provides guidance on the recognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, and related disclosures.

Guidance was also provided on derecognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, accounting for income taxes in interim periods, and income tax disclosures. Significant judgment is required in evaluating uncertain tax positions and determining provision for income taxes. The Group did not recognize any significant interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions for the six months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. As of March 31, 2026 and September 30, 2025, the Group did not have any significant unrecognized uncertain tax positions. The Group does not expect that its assessment regarding unrecognized tax positions will materially change over the next 12 months.

The Company’s PRC subsidiaries are subject to VAT and related surcharges on revenue generated from sales of products, facilitation services and platform services. The Group records revenue net of VAT. This VAT may be offset by qualified input VAT paid by the Group to suppliers. Net VAT balance between input VAT and output VAT is recorded in the line item of other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

The VAT rate is 13% for taxpayers selling consumer products, and 16% prior to April 1, 2019. For revenue generated from services, the VAT rate is 6% depending on whether the entity is a general tax payer, and related surcharges on revenue generated from providing services. Entities that are VAT general taxpayers are allowed to offset qualified input VAT, paid to suppliers against their output VAT liabilities.

The Japanese subsidiary is subject to consumption tax. The Consumption Tax Act (Act No. 108 of December 30, 1988, as amended) provides for a multi-step, broad-based tax imposed on most transactions in goods and services in Japan. Consumption tax is assessed at each stage of the manufacturing, importing, wholesale, and retail process. The current consumption tax rate is generally 10%, with an 8% rate applying to a limited number of exceptions.

Government subsidies consist of cash subsidies received by the Group from the PRC local governments. Grants received as incentives for conducting business in certain local districts with no performance obligation or other restriction as to the use are recognized when cash is received. Grants received with government specified performance obligations are recognized when all the obligations have been fulfilled. Government grants received related to the purchases of long-term assets are used to net the cost of the respective assets.

The Group recorded government subsidies of $282 and $13,830 for the six months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

In accordance with the Companies Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Company’s PRC subsidiaries must make appropriations from their after-tax profits as determined under the generally accepted accounting principles in the PRC (“PRC GAAP”) to non-distributable reserve funds including statutory surplus fund and discretionary surplus fund. The appropriation to the statutory surplus fund must be 10% of the after-tax profits as determined under PRC GAAP. Appropriation is not required if the statutory surplus fund has reached 50% of the registered capital of the PRC companies. Appropriation to the discretionary surplus fund is made at the discretion of the PRC companies.

The statutory surplus fund and discretionary surplus fund are restricted for use. They may only be applied to offset losses or increase the registered capital of the respective companies. These reserves are not allowed to be transferred to the Company by way of cash dividends, loans or advances, nor can they be distributed except for liquidation.

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share (“ASC 260”). ASC 260 requires companies with complex capital structures to present basic and diluted EPS.

Two-class method

Based on the ASC 260, a reporting entity may have two classes of common stock that have identical rights and privileges, except for voting rights. Generally, the two classes can be combined and presented as one class for EPS purposes when the only difference is related to voting rights, but the classes otherwise share equally in dividends and residual net assets on a per share basis. In this situation, a reporting entity should clearly indicate that the earnings per share amounts reflect both classes of common stock and should appropriately disclose the facts and circumstances in the footnotes.

Basic EPS are computed by dividing income available to ordinary shareholders of the Company by the weighted average ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue ordinary shares were exercised and converted into ordinary shares. As of March 31, 2026 and September 30, 2025, there was no dilution impact.

A discontinued operation may include a component of an entity or a group of components of an entity, or a business or nonprofit activity. A disposal of a component of an entity or a group of components of an entity is required to be reported in discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results when any of the following occurs:

The Company assesses whether a deregistered subsidiary is required to be presented as discontinued operation in its consolidated financial statements on the deconsolidation date. This assessment is based on whether or not the deconsolidation represents a strategic shift that has or will have a major effect on the Company’s operations or financial results.

The revenue contributed by HQT was nil and USD 76,907 for the six months ended March 31, 2026 and for the year ended September 30, 2025, accounting for only 0% and 2% of the group’s total revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2026 and for the year ended September 30, 2025, respectively. The total asset of HQT was Nil as of March 31, 2026. Besides, the deregistration of HQT did not represent a strategic shift as the Digital Marketing Services provided by HQT was no longer a material part of the Company’s business since 2024. Hence, the deregistration of HQT did not meet the criteria for presentation as a discontinued operation.

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise engaging in businesses activities for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the Group’s chief operating decision makers (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Group’s chief operating decision maker, CEO, reviews segment results when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Group.

As a result of the assessment made by CODM, the Group has two operating segments: EXTEND, and other subsidiaries. The Group considers a “management approach” concept as the basis for identifying reportable segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Company’s reportable segments. The Group’s reportable segments are business units operate in different countries. EXTEND operates in Japan, which is subject to different regulatory environment than other subsidiaries which operate in the PRC and Hong Kong.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments — Credit Losses”, which will require the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, to clarify that receivables arising from operating leases are within the scope of lease accounting standards. Further, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-10, ASU 2019-11 and ASU 2020-02 to provide additional guidance on the credit losses standard. For all other entities, the amendments for ASU 2016-13 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Group has adopted ASU 2016-13 on a modified retrospective basis since October 1, 2023. The Group evaluated that the impact of the adoption of this ASU on the Group’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements was immaterial.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, which is an update to Topic 280, Segment Reporting. The amendments in this Update improve financial reporting by requiring disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis for all public entities to enable investors to develop more decision-useful financial analyses. The amendments in this update: (1) require that a public entity disclose, on an annual and interim basis, significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM) and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss (collectively referred to as the “significant expense principle”), (2) Require that a public entity disclose, on an annual and interim basis, an amount for other segment items by reportable segment and a description of its composition. The other segment items category is the difference between segment revenue less the segment expenses disclosed under the significant expense principle and each reported measure of segment profit or loss, (3) Require that a public entity provide all annual disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets currently required by Topic 280 in interim periods, and (4) Clarify that if the CODM uses more than one measure of a segment’s profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, a public entity may report one or more of those additional measures of segment profit. However, at least one of the reported segment profit or loss measures (or the single reported measure, if only one is disclosed) should be the measure that is most consistent with the measurement principles used in measuring the corresponding amounts in the public entity’s consolidated financial statements. In other words, in addition to the measure that is most consistent with the measurement principles under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), a public entity is not precluded from reporting additional measures of a segment’s profit or loss that are used by the CODM in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, (5) Require that a public entity disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, and (6) Require that a public entity that has a single reportable segment provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in this Update and all existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. The amendments in this Update also do not change how a public entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments, or applies the quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments. The amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. A public entity should apply the amendments in this Update retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Upon transition, the segment expense categories and amounts disclosed in the prior periods should be based on the significant segment expense categories identified and disclosed in the period of adoption.

Other accounting standards that have been issued by FASB that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements upon adoption. The Group does not discuss recent standards that are not anticipated to have an impact on or are unrelated to its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, which is an update to Topic 740, Income Taxes. The amendments in this update related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disclosures improve the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The amendments allow investors to better assess, in their capital allocation decisions, how an entity’s worldwide operations and related tax risks and tax planning and operational opportunities affect its income tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. The other amendments in this Update improve the effectiveness and comparability of disclosures by (1) adding disclosures of pretax income (or loss) and income tax expense (or benefit) to be consistent with U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Regulation S-X 210.4-08(h), Rules of General Application — General Notes to Financial Statements: Income Tax Expense, and (2) removing disclosures that no longer are considered cost beneficial or relevant. For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. For entities other than public business entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The amendments in this Update should be applied on a prospective basis. Retrospective application is permitted. We are evaluating the effect this guidance will have on our tax disclosures. The Group has adopted ASU 2023-09 on a modified retrospective basis since October 1, 2025.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”) and No. 2025-01, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date, which will require additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement in response to longstanding requests from investors for more information about an entity’s expenses. The new standard requires disclosures about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement as well as disclosures about selling expenses. The new standard will be effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025.