<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:019f147f-a48d-77b4-8940-a944a6611cc7,g:c9d7084e-b19a-4fe0-8152-2dd0343b64a1-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.schrodinger.com/role/Cover" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="sdgr-20260629.xsd#Cover"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://www.schrodinger.com/role/Cover" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType_019f147f-a48d-7194-8c3c-9ec7d9ad182a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentType_019f147f-a48d-7194-8c3c-9ec7d9ad182a" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019f147f-a48d-79e9-8d8f-97e69fb54300" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019f147f-a48d-79e9-8d8f-97e69fb54300" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019f147f-a48d-7dba-8d1d-48e3a7878e13" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019f147f-a48d-7dba-8d1d-48e3a7878e13" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019f147f-a48d-7bcf-b1fc-cf0f7a237c16" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019f147f-a48d-7bcf-b1fc-cf0f7a237c16" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019f147f-a48d-76cd-b5ae-fe13e39f888f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019f147f-a48d-76cd-b5ae-fe13e39f888f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019f147f-a48d-7a10-85be-f925977a11ea" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019f147f-a48d-7a10-85be-f925977a11ea" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019f147f-a48d-7008-9b0a-a6f6a2df0e4c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019f147f-a48d-7008-9b0a-a6f6a2df0e4c" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_019f147f-a48d-7075-b457-902fb6b0a4a6" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_019f147f-a48d-7075-b457-902fb6b0a4a6" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019f147f-a48d-7593-ba3d-18ff71eee927" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019f147f-a48d-7593-ba3d-18ff71eee927" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019f147f-a48d-7837-b0ee-241843c7ba4d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019f147f-a48d-7837-b0ee-241843c7ba4d" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019f147f-a48d-7327-a6db-478112f30e71" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019f147f-a48d-7327-a6db-478112f30e71" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019f147f-a48d-75fa-94b4-9a9e037d52c4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="12" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019f147f-a48d-75fa-94b4-9a9e037d52c4" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019f147f-a48d-71ca-b40c-1ae058b1bfa2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="13" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019f147f-a48d-71ca-b40c-1ae058b1bfa2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019f147f-a48d-7b11-ad1f-d0af6cbe9ef4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="14" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019f147f-a48d-7b11-ad1f-d0af6cbe9ef4" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019f147f-a48d-73a9-860a-e14d29af7a63" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="15" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019f147f-a48d-73a9-860a-e14d29af7a63" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019f147f-a48d-738d-8d3d-9d3e3e54d8ee" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="16" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019f147f-a48d-738d-8d3d-9d3e3e54d8ee" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019f147f-a48d-70d9-b247-914f25a04ed9" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="17" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019f147f-a48d-70d9-b247-914f25a04ed9" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019f147f-a48d-7ed5-b6fe-608b339e0af3" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="18" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019f147f-a48d-7ed5-b6fe-608b339e0af3" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019f147f-a48d-766b-8c40-4c69fca7fc34" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="19" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019f147f-a48d-766b-8c40-4c69fca7fc34" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019f147f-a48d-7023-8a9f-d4662b097a28" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019f147f-a48d-7023-8a9f-d4662b097a28" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019f147f-a48d-7f68-8774-710598856191" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="21" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019f147f-a48d-7f68-8774-710598856191" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019f147f-a48d-754b-8c6c-c4feca77b663" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="22" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019f147f-a48d-754b-8c6c-c4feca77b663" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019f147f-a48d-713f-92e2-e6a4643a9b08" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="23" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019f147f-a48d-7db5-b50e-288c8b6a925c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019f147f-a48d-713f-92e2-e6a4643a9b08" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
