<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:019eb343-9343-79de-96f8-7f814dc462a8,g:b0ac7395-83ad-4512-8e60-6f16c3e0a91f-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:arcroleRef arcroleURI="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://www.xbrl.org/2023/calculation-1.1.xsd#summation-item"/>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.cat.com/role/StatementsofNetAssetsAvailableforBenefits" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#StatementsofNetAssetsAvailableforBenefits"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.cat.com/role/StatementsofNetAssetsAvailableforBenefits" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_cat_EBPTotalInvestmentAndPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairAndContractValue_019eb343-9344-76cc-a51e-83542e41ed02" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#cat_EBPTotalInvestmentAndPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairAndContractValue"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairAndContractValue_019eb343-9344-7ad6-874e-5da4b8a16e9d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairAndContractValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_cat_EBPTotalInvestmentAndPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairAndContractValue_019eb343-9344-76cc-a51e-83542e41ed02" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairAndContractValue_019eb343-9344-7ad6-874e-5da4b8a16e9d" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentExcludingPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairValue_019eb343-9344-787f-b697-af4ca4e514b1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentExcludingPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_cat_EBPTotalInvestmentAndPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairAndContractValue_019eb343-9344-76cc-a51e-83542e41ed02" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentExcludingPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairValue_019eb343-9344-787f-b697-af4ca4e514b1" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanNetAssetAvailableForBenefit_019eb343-9344-79d0-9f42-d405f2d3ce3f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanNetAssetAvailableForBenefit"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset_019eb343-9344-7a0d-979e-4315e7edc077" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanNetAssetAvailableForBenefit_019eb343-9344-79d0-9f42-d405f2d3ce3f" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset_019eb343-9344-7a0d-979e-4315e7edc077" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanLiabilityInvestmentPurchase_019eb343-9344-79b8-bdd1-99ca1829f8f4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanLiabilityInvestmentPurchase"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanNetAssetAvailableForBenefit_019eb343-9344-79d0-9f42-d405f2d3ce3f" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanLiabilityInvestmentPurchase_019eb343-9344-79b8-bdd1-99ca1829f8f4" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset_019eb343-9344-73f1-85ba-05b1eca366c6" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_cat_EBPTotalInvestmentAndPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairAndContractValue_019eb343-9344-7a0f-a38c-295fb1f1adda" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#cat_EBPTotalInvestmentAndPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairAndContractValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset_019eb343-9344-73f1-85ba-05b1eca366c6" xlink:to="loc_cat_EBPTotalInvestmentAndPlanInterestInMasterTrustFairAndContractValue_019eb343-9344-7a0f-a38c-295fb1f1adda" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivable_019eb343-9344-713d-b279-0bae55965677" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivable"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset_019eb343-9344-73f1-85ba-05b1eca366c6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivable_019eb343-9344-713d-b279-0bae55965677" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanCash_019eb343-9344-739e-88ff-1fdc2e14f9bb" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanCash"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset_019eb343-9344-73f1-85ba-05b1eca366c6" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanCash_019eb343-9344-739e-88ff-1fdc2e14f9bb" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivable_019eb343-9344-7bdf-88e7-a5cf567e0758" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivable"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanNoteReceivableFromParticipant_019eb343-9344-76ce-b193-7d703fd237e5" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanNoteReceivableFromParticipant"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivable_019eb343-9344-7bdf-88e7-a5cf567e0758" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanNoteReceivableFromParticipant_019eb343-9344-76ce-b193-7d703fd237e5" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanEmployerContributionReceivable_019eb343-9344-7f78-be1b-32c42735f733" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanEmployerContributionReceivable"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivable_019eb343-9344-7bdf-88e7-a5cf567e0758" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanEmployerContributionReceivable_019eb343-9344-7f78-be1b-32c42735f733" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivableInvestmentSale_019eb343-9344-7461-9768-3cb771bdf2c3" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivableInvestmentSale"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivable_019eb343-9344-7bdf-88e7-a5cf567e0758" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivableInvestmentSale_019eb343-9344-7461-9768-3cb771bdf2c3" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.cat.com/role/StatementofChangesinNetAssetsAvailableforBenefits" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#StatementofChangesinNetAssetsAvailableforBenefits"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.cat.com/role/StatementofChangesinNetAssetsAvailableforBenefits" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitInterestAndDividendIncome_019eb343-9344-75e2-b768-23dcd7daa20e" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitInterestAndDividendIncome"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForInterestIncomeOnNoteReceivableFromParticipant_019eb343-9344-746a-985b-77afcfe7f875" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForInterestIncomeOnNoteReceivableFromParticipant"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitInterestAndDividendIncome_019eb343-9344-75e2-b768-23dcd7daa20e" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForInterestIncomeOnNoteReceivableFromParticipant_019eb343-9344-746a-985b-77afcfe7f875" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForInterestAndDividendIncomeOnInvestment_019eb343-9344-7491-8380-8ebebb5962a6" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForInterestAndDividendIncomeOnInvestment"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitInterestAndDividendIncome_019eb343-9344-75e2-b768-23dcd7daa20e" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForInterestAndDividendIncomeOnInvestment_019eb343-9344-7491-8380-8ebebb5962a6" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecrease_019eb343-9344-714a-b3e2-cb1895d53ff7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecrease"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecreaseForPaymentToParticipant_019eb343-9344-77c9-a741-1ce2576d31f8" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecreaseForPaymentToParticipant"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecrease_019eb343-9344-714a-b3e2-cb1895d53ff7" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecreaseForPaymentToParticipant_019eb343-9344-77c9-a741-1ce2576d31f8" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecreaseForAdministrativeExpense_019eb343-9344-78a6-892f-beae6068282b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecreaseForAdministrativeExpense"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecrease_019eb343-9344-714a-b3e2-cb1895d53ff7" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecreaseForAdministrativeExpense_019eb343-9344-78a6-892f-beae6068282b" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease_019eb343-9344-7f12-ad67-1cd8985e951e" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-9344-7461-aefe-787d0e970752" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease_019eb343-9344-7f12-ad67-1cd8985e951e" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-9344-7461-aefe-787d0e970752" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitInterestAndDividendIncome_019eb343-9344-7184-9990-df9e587294d3" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitInterestAndDividendIncome"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease_019eb343-9344-7f12-ad67-1cd8985e951e" xlink:to="loc_cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitInterestAndDividendIncome_019eb343-9344-7184-9990-df9e587294d3" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForContribution_019eb343-9344-7175-adfc-488abd5a04cb" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForContribution"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease_019eb343-9344-7f12-ad67-1cd8985e951e" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForContribution_019eb343-9344-7175-adfc-488abd5a04cb" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecrease_019eb343-9344-7887-986f-ecc6c38599a8" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecrease"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease_019eb343-9344-7f12-ad67-1cd8985e951e" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecrease_019eb343-9344-7887-986f-ecc6c38599a8" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForContribution_019eb343-9344-7eb5-a1d7-321937e678f7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForContribution"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForEmployerContributionCash_019eb343-9344-73c8-ad7f-aa020900f9f2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForEmployerContributionCash"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForContribution_019eb343-9344-7eb5-a1d7-321937e678f7" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForEmployerContributionCash_019eb343-9344-73c8-ad7f-aa020900f9f2" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForParticipantContributionExcludingRollover_019eb343-9344-72d9-8051-103dec27645b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForParticipantContributionExcludingRollover"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForContribution_019eb343-9344-7eb5-a1d7-321937e678f7" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForParticipantContributionExcludingRollover_019eb343-9344-72d9-8051-103dec27645b" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-9344-7558-8863-e5c0dac7e25f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForChangeInPlanInterestInMasterTrust_019eb343-9344-7937-8e1a-7acfb4862d04" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForChangeInPlanInterestInMasterTrust"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-9344-7558-8863-e5c0dac7e25f" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForChangeInPlanInterestInMasterTrust_019eb343-9344-7937-8e1a-7acfb4862d04" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForGainLossOnInvestment_019eb343-9344-77d9-8a6e-e145156c1558" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForGainLossOnInvestment"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-9344-7558-8863-e5c0dac7e25f" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForGainLossOnInvestment_019eb343-9344-77d9-8a6e-e145156c1558" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.cat.com/role/MasterTrustScheduleofMasterTrustNetAssetsDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#MasterTrustScheduleofMasterTrustNetAssetsDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.cat.com/role/MasterTrustScheduleofMasterTrustNetAssetsDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanOtherAsset_019eb343-940c-7a53-a31c-df8be6c5ea07" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanOtherAsset"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanCash_019eb343-940c-763c-887f-4f5b0542cc9a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanCash"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanOtherAsset_019eb343-940c-7a53-a31c-df8be6c5ea07" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanCash_019eb343-940c-763c-887f-4f5b0542cc9a" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivableInvestmentSale_019eb343-940c-7e0d-94ab-ab03a3989e02" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivableInvestmentSale"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanOtherAsset_019eb343-940c-7a53-a31c-df8be6c5ea07" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReceivableInvestmentSale_019eb343-940c-7e0d-94ab-ab03a3989e02" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentIncomeReceivable_019eb343-940c-77d0-88b1-098e1c71a9db" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentIncomeReceivable"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanOtherAsset_019eb343-940c-7a53-a31c-df8be6c5ea07" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentIncomeReceivable_019eb343-940c-77d0-88b1-098e1c71a9db" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset_019eb343-940c-7e5b-a179-b3fa194c698d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentFairValue_019eb343-940c-7389-95a2-0c17ee968331" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentFairValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset_019eb343-940c-7e5b-a179-b3fa194c698d" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentFairValue_019eb343-940c-7389-95a2-0c17ee968331" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentContractValue_019eb343-940c-78cb-9bc0-5d316bb185c6" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentContractValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset_019eb343-940c-7e5b-a179-b3fa194c698d" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanInvestmentContractValue_019eb343-940c-78cb-9bc0-5d316bb185c6" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanOtherAsset_019eb343-940c-7ab7-a307-c5f3a5af91d6" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanOtherAsset"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAsset_019eb343-940c-7e5b-a179-b3fa194c698d" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanOtherAsset_019eb343-940c-7ab7-a307-c5f3a5af91d6" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.cat.com/role/MasterTrustSummaryofChangesinNetAssetsDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#MasterTrustSummaryofChangesinNetAssetsDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.cat.com/role/MasterTrustSummaryofChangesinNetAssetsDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease_019eb343-940d-78d5-ad6a-4d87796fe8eb" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-74ab-b4bd-70672ca9624c" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease_019eb343-940d-78d5-ad6a-4d87796fe8eb" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-74ab-b4bd-70672ca9624c" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitTransferToFromPlansWithinMasterTrust_019eb343-940d-7861-aac6-53a23ab50c0e" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitTransferToFromPlansWithinMasterTrust"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease_019eb343-940d-78d5-ad6a-4d87796fe8eb" xlink:to="loc_cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitTransferToFromPlansWithinMasterTrust_019eb343-940d-7861-aac6-53a23ab50c0e" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecreaseForAdministrativeExpense_019eb343-940d-7db2-a729-8a17528d8a7a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecreaseForAdministrativeExpense"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease_019eb343-940d-78d5-ad6a-4d87796fe8eb" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitDecreaseForAdministrativeExpense_019eb343-940d-7db2-a729-8a17528d8a7a" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7ce1-9255-f2e3dc2c138b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseFromGainLossOnInvestmentEmployerSpecific_019eb343-940d-7746-a4f6-64369bd08a1b" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseFromGainLossOnInvestmentEmployerSpecific"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7ce1-9255-f2e3dc2c138b" xlink:to="loc_cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseFromGainLossOnInvestmentEmployerSpecific_019eb343-940d-7746-a4f6-64369bd08a1b" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForGainLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7302-a099-f25094fccfb3" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForGainLossOnInvestment"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7ce1-9255-f2e3dc2c138b" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForGainLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7302-a099-f25094fccfb3" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForInterestIncomeOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7fd3-bcda-351986a41f0b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForInterestIncomeOnInvestment"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7ce1-9255-f2e3dc2c138b" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForInterestIncomeOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7fd3-bcda-351986a41f0b" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseFromDividendIncomeOnInvestmentEmployerSpecific_019eb343-940d-7ea3-8f18-9acfc0717f80" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseFromDividendIncomeOnInvestmentEmployerSpecific"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="4" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7ce1-9255-f2e3dc2c138b" xlink:to="loc_cat_EBPChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseFromDividendIncomeOnInvestmentEmployerSpecific_019eb343-940d-7ea3-8f18-9acfc0717f80" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForDividendIncomeOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-708d-afc8-8574553ce300" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForDividendIncomeOnInvestment"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="5" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7ce1-9255-f2e3dc2c138b" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseForDividendIncomeOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-708d-afc8-8574553ce300" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForOtherIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7d70-8d6a-354309c5d313" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForOtherIncomeLossOnInvestment"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="6" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7ce1-9255-f2e3dc2c138b" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForOtherIncomeLossOnInvestment_019eb343-940d-7d70-8d6a-354309c5d313" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.cat.com/role/ReconciliationofFinancialStatementstoForm5500ReconciliationofNetAssetsAvailableforBenefitDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#ReconciliationofFinancialStatementstoForm5500ReconciliationofNetAssetsAvailableforBenefitDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.cat.com/role/ReconciliationofFinancialStatementstoForm5500ReconciliationofNetAssetsAvailableforBenefitDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanForm5500CaptionNetAssetAvailableForBenefit_019eb343-940d-7cfa-a672-1de6ac58c6ac" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanForm5500CaptionNetAssetAvailableForBenefit"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500NetAssetAvailableForBenefitDeemedDistribution_019eb343-940d-7f62-9711-b6e2bbebc873" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500NetAssetAvailableForBenefitDeemedDistribution"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="-1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanForm5500CaptionNetAssetAvailableForBenefit_019eb343-940d-7cfa-a672-1de6ac58c6ac" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500NetAssetAvailableForBenefitDeemedDistribution_019eb343-940d-7f62-9711-b6e2bbebc873" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500NetAssetAvailableForBenefitContractValueToCurrentValueAdjustment_019eb343-940d-724b-94c2-819d4210d9ab" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500NetAssetAvailableForBenefitContractValueToCurrentValueAdjustment"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanForm5500CaptionNetAssetAvailableForBenefit_019eb343-940d-7cfa-a672-1de6ac58c6ac" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500NetAssetAvailableForBenefitContractValueToCurrentValueAdjustment_019eb343-940d-724b-94c2-819d4210d9ab" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanNetAssetAvailableForBenefit_019eb343-940d-7544-8517-aceec1e032fe" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanNetAssetAvailableForBenefit"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanForm5500CaptionNetAssetAvailableForBenefit_019eb343-940d-7cfa-a672-1de6ac58c6ac" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanNetAssetAvailableForBenefit_019eb343-940d-7544-8517-aceec1e032fe" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.cat.com/role/ReconciliationofFinancialStatementstoForm5500ReconciliationofNetIncomeDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#ReconciliationofFinancialStatementstoForm5500ReconciliationofNetIncomeDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.cat.com/role/ReconciliationofFinancialStatementstoForm5500ReconciliationofNetIncomeDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanForm5500CaptionNetIncomeLoss_019eb343-940d-7efa-9006-5c05c6ac56cd" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanForm5500CaptionNetIncomeLoss"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500ChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForDeemedDistribution_019eb343-940d-7ea7-8027-f507f033d0e6" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500ChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForDeemedDistribution"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanForm5500CaptionNetIncomeLoss_019eb343-940d-7efa-9006-5c05c6ac56cd" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500ChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForDeemedDistribution_019eb343-940d-7ea7-8027-f507f033d0e6" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease_019eb343-940d-7d3b-b5be-6e9cd99d80a9" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanForm5500CaptionNetIncomeLoss_019eb343-940d-7efa-9006-5c05c6ac56cd" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecrease_019eb343-940d-7d3b-b5be-6e9cd99d80a9" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500ChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForContractValueToCurrentValue_019eb343-940d-756e-b53b-e4a871bc3873" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500ChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForContractValueToCurrentValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanForm5500CaptionNetIncomeLoss_019eb343-940d-7efa-9006-5c05c6ac56cd" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanReconciliationToForm5500ChangeInNetAssetAvailableForBenefitIncreaseDecreaseForContractValueToCurrentValue_019eb343-940d-756e-b53b-e4a871bc3873" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.cat.com/role/ScheduleHLine4iScheduleofAssetsHeldAtEndofYearDetails" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="cat-20260625.xsd#ScheduleHLine4iScheduleofAssetsHeldAtEndofYearDetails"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.cat.com/role/ScheduleHLine4iScheduleofAssetsHeldAtEndofYearDetails" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestment_019eb343-940d-78d2-9cb9-f800b586e5a4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestment"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestmentPlanInterestInMasterTrustCurrentValue_019eb343-940d-70aa-b0f4-dbe715fe06e4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestmentPlanInterestInMasterTrustCurrentValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="1" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestment_019eb343-940d-78d2-9cb9-f800b586e5a4" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestmentPlanInterestInMasterTrustCurrentValue_019eb343-940d-70aa-b0f4-dbe715fe06e4" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestmentInvestmentExcludingPlanInterestInMasterTrustCurrentValue_019eb343-940d-7fbc-9fe8-17c629e5bce1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestmentInvestmentExcludingPlanInterestInMasterTrustCurrentValue"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="2" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestment_019eb343-940d-78d2-9cb9-f800b586e5a4" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestmentInvestmentExcludingPlanInterestInMasterTrustCurrentValue_019eb343-940d-7fbc-9fe8-17c629e5bce1" xlink:type="arc"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestmentParticipantLoanAfterDeemedDistribution_019eb343-940d-768b-b17d-7957121f84e2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/ebp/elts/us-gaap-ebp-2026.xsd#us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestmentParticipantLoanAfterDeemedDistribution"/>
    <link:calculationArc order="3" weight="1.0" xlink:arcrole="https://xbrl.org/2023/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestment_019eb343-940d-78d2-9cb9-f800b586e5a4" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap-ebp_EmployeeBenefitPlanAssetHeldForInvestmentParticipantLoanAfterDeemedDistribution_019eb343-940d-768b-b17d-7957121f84e2" xlink:type="arc"/>
  </link:calculationLink>
</link:linkbase>
