<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:019ef4d6-32ba-7f22-9c0b-c33d368bea54,g:d6c57d24-fa68-49cb-8a09-3a1a8352931a-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.fhlbc.com/role/DocumentandEntityInformationDocument" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="fhlbc-20260617.xsd#DocumentandEntityInformationDocument"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://www.fhlbc.com/role/DocumentandEntityInformationDocument" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType_019ef4d6-32ba-724a-8d24-22a2dd823c74" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentType_019ef4d6-32ba-724a-8d24-22a2dd823c74" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019ef4d6-32ba-7605-873f-c4a752d460f2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019ef4d6-32ba-7605-873f-c4a752d460f2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019ef4d6-32ba-70b2-8ea2-839faeaeb742" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019ef4d6-32ba-70b2-8ea2-839faeaeb742" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019ef4d6-32ba-72ef-ba7e-87c93cb849e0" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019ef4d6-32ba-72ef-ba7e-87c93cb849e0" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019ef4d6-32ba-744e-8c46-b7affd73b82a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019ef4d6-32ba-744e-8c46-b7affd73b82a" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019ef4d6-32ba-7909-b377-360bf268ea03" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019ef4d6-32ba-7909-b377-360bf268ea03" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019ef4d6-32ba-7451-877c-4f37ac812f0f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019ef4d6-32ba-7451-877c-4f37ac812f0f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019ef4d6-32ba-7d96-b6ee-6c94286b0f81" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019ef4d6-32ba-7d96-b6ee-6c94286b0f81" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019ef4d6-32ba-738d-ad29-326c07bcf73f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019ef4d6-32ba-738d-ad29-326c07bcf73f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019ef4d6-32ba-73df-b7f1-727af232e773" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019ef4d6-32ba-73df-b7f1-727af232e773" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019ef4d6-32ba-7e8c-9961-b9d9c3f0e1db" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019ef4d6-32ba-7e8c-9961-b9d9c3f0e1db" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019ef4d6-32ba-7c58-a2ba-64661f663854" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="12" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019ef4d6-32ba-7c58-a2ba-64661f663854" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019ef4d6-32ba-7871-a6d4-f46fd4d223e4" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="13" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019ef4d6-32ba-7871-a6d4-f46fd4d223e4" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019ef4d6-32ba-727e-88d4-34303c2b6df8" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="14" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019ef4d6-32ba-727e-88d4-34303c2b6df8" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019ef4d6-32ba-7b54-87df-c0ebf3ae9664" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="15" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019ef4d6-32ba-7b54-87df-c0ebf3ae9664" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019ef4d6-32ba-72af-a3f2-70592ffe9a32" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="16" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019ef4d6-32ba-72af-a3f2-70592ffe9a32" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019ef4d6-32ba-75c3-bb1a-03acebebf5e1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="17" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019ef4d6-32ba-75c3-bb1a-03acebebf5e1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019ef4d6-32ba-78f9-8581-e7c82b5791d8" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="18" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019ef4d6-32ba-78f9-8581-e7c82b5791d8" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019ef4d6-32ba-7a06-98c1-9f9f2ec04109" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="19" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019ef4d6-32ba-7a06-98c1-9f9f2ec04109" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_019ef4d6-32ba-7802-8196-530ea0eaae9d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_019ef4d6-32ba-7802-8196-530ea0eaae9d" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_019ef4d6-32ba-7646-9589-99b16f0ef4fd" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="21" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_019ef4d6-32ba-7646-9589-99b16f0ef4fd" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentDescription_019ef4d6-32ba-7db4-a40f-c31c155ed7e7" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="22" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_AmendmentDescription_019ef4d6-32ba-7db4-a40f-c31c155ed7e7" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_019ef4d6-32ba-7066-a957-a0abb38f8444" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="23" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019ef4d6-32ba-774c-a589-ac911a6a76ff" xlink:to="loc_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_019ef4d6-32ba-7066-a957-a0abb38f8444" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
