v3.26.1
Investment in Securities
12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2026
Investments Schedule [Abstract]  
Investment in Securities
9. Investment in Securities
Investment in securities as of March 31, 2025 and 2026 consists of the following:
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
2025
    
2026
 
Equity securities *
   ¥ 626,910      ¥ 782,413  
Available-for-sale
debt securities
     2,607,637        2,526,416  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
   ¥ 3,234,547      ¥ 3,308,829  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
*
The amount of assets under management of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts included in equity securities were ¥132,313 million and ¥137,933 million as of March 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively. The amount of investment funds and others elected the fair value option included in equity securities were ¥24,960 million and ¥24,845 million as of March 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively.
Gains and losses realized from the sale of equity securities and net unrealized holding gains (losses) on equity securities are included in gains on investment securities and dividends, life insurance premiums and related investment income, and write-downs of securities. For further information, see Note 22 “Gains on Investment Securities and Dividends” and Note 23 “Income and Expenses Relating to Life Insurance Operations.” Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on equity securities held as of March 31, 2024, 2025 and 2026 were gains of ¥53,318 million, ¥4,422 million and ¥170,073 million for fiscal 2024, 2025 and 2026, respectively, which did not include net unrealized holding gains (losses) on both investment funds and others above mentioned.
Equity securities include
non-marketable
equity securities and preferred equity securities, etc. elected for the measurement alternative. Upward or downward adjustments resulting from observable price changes are included in gains on investment securities and dividends and life insurance premiums and related investment income. Impairments are included in write-downs of securities.
The following tables provide information about
 
impairment and upward or downward adjustments resulting from observable price changes as of March 31, 2025 and 2026, and for fiscal 2025 and 2026.
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
March 31, 2025
    
Fiscal Year ended March 31, 2025
 
    
Carrying
value
    
Accumulated
impairments
and downward
adjustments
   
Accumulated
upward
adjustments
    
Impairments
and downward
adjustments
   
Upward
adjustments
 
Equity securities measured using the measurement alternative
   ¥ 89,554      ¥ (16,955   ¥ 3,643      ¥ (1,438   ¥ 1,485  
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
March 31, 2026
    
Fiscal Year ended March 31, 2026
 
    
Carrying
value
    
Accumulated
impairments
and downward
adjustments
   
Accumulated
upward
adjustments
    
Impairments
and downward
adjustments
    
Upward
adjustments
 
Equity securities measured using the measurement alternative
   ¥ 112,313      ¥ (17,028   ¥ 16,071      ¥ (1,789)      ¥ 13,276  
Gains and losses realized from the sale of trading debt securities and net unrealized holding gains (losses) on trading debt securities are included in gains on investment securities and dividends. Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on trading debt securities were
losses of ¥96 million during fiscal 2024, respectively. There were no gains or losses recognized on trading debt securities
during fiscal 2025 and 2026.
During fiscal 2024, 2025 and 2026, the Company and its subsidiaries sold
available-for-sale
debt securities for aggregate proceeds of ¥215,674 million, ¥299,890 million and ¥
341,135
 million, respectively, resulting in gross realized gains of ¥4,137 million, ¥8,499 million and ¥
3,732
 million, respectively, and gross realized losses of ¥11,090 million, ¥16,517 million and ¥
7,709 
million, respectively. The cost of the
available-for-sale
securities or the debt securities sold was based on the average cost of each issue of securities held at the time of the sale.
Certain subsidiaries elected the fair value option for certain investments in investment funds and others included in equity securities whose net asset values do not represent the fair value of investments due to the illiquid nature of these investments. The subsidiaries manage these investments on a fair value basis and the election of the fair value option enables the subsidiaries to reflect more appropriate assumptions to measure the fair value of these investments. As of March 31, 2025 and 2026, these investments were fair valued at ¥24,960 million and ¥
24,845
 million, respectively.
A certain subsidiary elected the fair value option for investments in foreign government bond securities included in
available-for-sale
debt securities to mitigate volatility in the consolidated statements of income caused by the difference in recognition of gain or loss that would otherwise exist between the foreign government bond securities and the derivatives used to reduce the risks of fluctuations in market interest rates and exchange rates on these foreign government bond securities. As of March 31, 2025 and 2026, these investments were fair valued at ¥5,379 million and ¥
3,024
 million, respectively.
A certain subsidiary elected the fair value option for investments in foreign corporate debt securities included in
available-for-sale
debt securities to mitigate volatility in the consolidated statements of income caused by the difference in recognition of gain or loss that would otherwise exist between the foreign corporate debt securities and the derivatives used to reduce the risks of fluctuations in market interest rates and exchange rates on these foreign corporate debt securities. As of March 31, 2025 and 2026, these investments were fair valued at ¥10,679 million and ¥
11,927
 million, respectively.
 
 
The amortized cost basis amounts, gross unrealized holding gains, gross unrealized holding losses and fair values of
available-for-sale
debt securities in each major security type as of March 31, 2025 and 2026 are as follows:
March 31, 2025
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
Amortized

cost
    
Allowance
for credit
losses
   
Gross

unrealized

gains
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
   
Fair value
 
Available-for-sale
debt securities:
            
Japanese and foreign government bond securities
   ¥ 1,520,672      ¥ 0     ¥ 1,325      ¥ (429,471   ¥ 1,092,526  
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities
     439,565        (245     2,408        (34,898     406,830  
Corporate debt securities
     906,297        (34     15,246        (118,964     802,545  
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas
     106,578        0       1,053        (880     106,751  
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities
     200,924        (391     5,438        (6,986     198,985  
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
   ¥ 3,174,036      ¥ (670   ¥ 25,470      ¥ (591,199   ¥ 2,607,637  
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
March 31, 2026
 
            
    
Millions of yen
 
    
Amortized

cost
    
Allowance
for credit
losses
   
Gross

unrealized

gains
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
   
Fair value
 
Available-for-sale
debt securities:
            
Japanese and foreign government bond securities
   ¥ 1,651,782      ¥ 0     ¥ 194      ¥ (678,091 )   ¥ 973,885  
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities
     352,338        (798 )     6,025        (41,799 )     315,766  
Corporate debt securities
     1,110,521        (64 )     24,946        (177,954 )     957,449  
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas
     107,361        (1,927 )     555        (557 )     105,432  
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities
     181,136        (716 )     5,534        (12,070 )     173,884  
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
   ¥ 3,403,138      ¥ (3,505 )   ¥ 37,254      ¥ (910,471 )   ¥ 2,526,416  
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents roll-forwards of the allowance for credit losses for fiscal 2024, 2025 and 2026, respectively.
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
Fiscal Year ended
March 31, 2024
 
    
Foreign municipal bond
securities
    
Foreign other asset-
backed securities and
debt securities
    
Total
 
Beginning
   ¥ 144      ¥    0      ¥ 144  
Additions to the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities for which credit losses were not previously recorded
     80        365        445  
Increase (Decrease) from the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates
     24        21        45  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Ending
   ¥ 248      ¥ 386      ¥ 634  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
Fiscal Year ended
March 31, 202
5
 
    
Foreign municipal bond
securities
   
Foreign corporate
debt securities
    
Foreign other asset-
backed securities and
debt securities
   
Total
 
Beginning
   ¥ 248     ¥ 0      ¥ 386     ¥ 634  
Additions to the allowance for credit losses on
available-for-sale
debt securities for which credit losses were not previously recorded
     0       34        107       141  
Additional increases to the allowance for credit losses on
available-for-sale
debt securities that had an allowance recorded in a previous period
     0       0        32       32  
Increase (Decrease) from the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates
     (3     0        (134     (137
  
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending
   ¥ 245     ¥ 34      ¥ 391     ¥ 670  
  
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
Fiscal Year ended
March 31, 2026
 
    
Foreign municipal bond
securities
    
Foreign corporate
debt securities
   
CMBS and
RMBS in the
Americas
    
Foreign other asset-
backed securities and
debt securities
   
Total
 
Beginning
   ¥ 245      ¥ 34     ¥ 0      ¥ 391     ¥ 670  
Additions to the allowance for credit losses on
available-for-sale
debt securities for which credit losses were not previously recorded
     528        31       1,902        266       2,727  
Additional increases (decreases) to the allowance for credit losses on AFS debt securities that had an allowance recorded in a previous period, net
     0        (1     0        (694     (695
Write-offs charged against the allowance
     0        0       0        (40     (40
Recoveries of amounts previously written off
     0        0       0        755       755  
Increase (Decrease) from the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates
     25        0       25        38       88  
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Ending
   ¥    798      ¥     64     ¥    1,927      ¥ 716     ¥ 3,505  
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
The following tables provide information about
available-for-sale
debt securities with gross unrealized losses (including allowance for credit losses) and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively:
 
 
March 31, 2025
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or more
   
Total
 
    
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
   
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
   
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
 
Available-for-sale
debt securities:
               
Japanese and foreign government bond securities
   ¥ 132,283      ¥ (9,785   ¥ 913,742      ¥ (419,686   ¥ 1,046,025      ¥ (429,471
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities
     95,936        (3,409     224,679        (31,734     320,615        (35,143
Corporate debt securities
     152,094        (5,196     427,837        (113,802     579,931        (118,998
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas
     16,940        (103     15,817        (777     32,757        (880
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities
     56,671        (411     35,183        (6,966     91,854        (7,377
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
   ¥ 453,924      ¥ (18,904   ¥ 1,617,258      ¥ (572,965   ¥ 2,071,182      ¥ (591,869
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2026
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or more
   
Total
 
    
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
   
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
   
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
 
Available-for-sale
debt securities:
               
Japanese and foreign government bond securities
   ¥ 69,055      ¥ (11,720   ¥ 897,208      ¥ (666,371   ¥ 966,263      ¥ (678,091
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities
     76,347        (3,270     138,277        (39,327     214,624        (42,597
Corporate debt securities
     128,382        (4,467     536,002        (173,551     664,384        (178,018
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas
     38,338        (300     10,930        (2,184     49,268        (2,484
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities
     44,823        (1,499     35,603        (11,287     80,426        (12,786
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
   ¥ 356,945      ¥ (21,256   ¥ 1,618,020      ¥ (892,720   ¥ 1,974,965      ¥ (913,976
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 

 
The following table provides information about
available-for-sale
debt securities with gross unrealized losses for which allowance for credit losses were not recorded and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively:
March 31, 2025
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or more
   
Total
 
    
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
   
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
   
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
 
Available-for-sale
debt securities:
                                                                                       
Japanese and foreign government bond securities
   ¥ 132,283      ¥ (9,785   ¥ 913,742      ¥ (419,686   ¥ 1,046,025      ¥ (429,471
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities
     94,691        (3,325     220,950        (31,573     315,641        (34,898
Corporate debt securities
     149,367        (5,128     427,837        (113,802     577,204        (118,930
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas
     16,940        (103     15,817        (777     32,757        (880
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities
     56,671        (340     34,868        (6,553     91,539        (6,893
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
   ¥ 449,952      ¥ (18,681   ¥ 1,613,214      ¥ (572,391   ¥ 2,063,166      ¥ (591,072
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
March 31, 2026
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or more
   
Total
 
    
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
   
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
   
Fair

value
    
Gross

unrealized

losses
 
Available-for-sale
debt securities:
               
Japanese and foreign government bond securities
   ¥ 69,055      ¥ (11,720   ¥ 897,208      ¥ (666,371   ¥ 966,263      ¥ (678,091
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities
     75,944        (2,735     133,042        (39,064     208,986        (41,799
Corporate debt securities
     122,570        (4,347     536,002        (173,551     658,572        (177,898
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas
     38,338        (300     10,930        (257     49,268        (557
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities
     44,796        (1,319     34,484        (10,583     79,280        (11,902
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
   ¥ 350,703      ¥ (20,421   ¥ 1,611,666      ¥ (889,826   ¥ 1,962,369      ¥ (910,247
  
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
 
The number of investment securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2025 and 2026 were 1,272 and
1,113
, respectively. The gross unrealized losses on these debt securities are attributable to a number of factors including changes in interest rates, credit spreads and market
trends.
 
 
As of March 31, 2025 and 2026, the amount of accrued interest on
available-for-sale
debt securities were ¥14,545 million and ¥
14,697
 million, respectively, which was included in other assets. The Company and its subsidiaries estimate credit losses and develop an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivables. There was no allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivables as of March 31, 2025 and 2026.
For
available-for-sale
debt securities, if the fair value is less than the amortized cost, the debt securities are impaired. The Company and its subsidiaries identify per each impaired security whether the decline of fair value is due to credit losses component or
non-credit
losses component. Impairment related to credit losses is recognized in earning through an allowance for credit losses. Impairment related to other factors than credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes. In estimating an allowance of credit losses, the Company and its subsidiaries consider the existence of credit losses if the present value of estimated cash flows is less than the amortized cost basis. When the Company and its subsidiaries intend to sell the debt securities for which an allowance for credit losses is previously established or it is more likely than not that the Company and its subsidiaries will be required to sell the debt securities before recovery of the amortized cost basis, the allowance for credit losses is fully
written-off
and the amortized cost is reduced to the fair value after recognizing additional impairment in earnings. In addition, the Company and its subsidiaries recognize in earnings the full difference between the amortized cost and the fair value of the debt securities by direct write-down, without any allowance for credit losses, if the debt securities are expected to be sold and the fair value is less than the amortized cost.
Credit losses related to
available-for-sale
debt securities recognized for fiscal 2024 resulted from the respective deterioration of cash flows relating to foreign municipal bond securities and foreign other asset-backed securities and debt securities, as of March 31, 2024. Credit losses related to
available-for-sale
debt securities recognized for fiscal 2025 resulted from the respective deterioration of the issuers’ credit conditions and cash flows relating to foreign corporate debt securities and foreign other asset-backed securities and debt securities, as of March 31, 2025. Credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities recognized for fiscal 2026 resulted from the respective deterioration of the issuers’ credit conditions and cash flows relating to foreign municipal bond securities, foreign corporate debt securities, CMBS and RMBS in the Americas and foreign other asset-backed securities and debt securities, as of March 31, 2026. The evaluation of credit losses with
available-for-sale
debt securities is compared to the amortized cost of debt securities with the present value of cash flows estimated based on a number of overall conditions, including estimated fair value of the underlying receivables and the repayment priority of the securities. Because the Company and its subsidiaries do not intend to sell the debt security and it is not more likely than not that the Company and its subsidiaries will be required to sell the debt security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the Company and its subsidiaries recognized the allowance for credit losses.

Unrealized losses on
available-for-sale
debt securities mainly result from changes in market interest rates and foreign exchange rates, and changes in risk premiums. In order to evaluate the recoverability of the
available-for-sale
debt securities, the Company and its subsidiaries utilize all available information such as an issuer’s financial condition and business outlook. The fair value of Japanese and foreign government bond securities, Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond, and corporate debt securities is mainly estimated based on prices for similar assets. If there are no prices for similar assets available, the fair value of these securities is estimated by using discounted cash flow methodologies and broker quotes. The fair value of CMBS and RMBS in the Americas and other asset-backed securities and debt securities refers to prices from independent pricing service vendors and brokers, such as trading prices and bit prices. If the Company and its subsidiaries cannot rely on such prices, the fair value is calculated by using discounted cash flow methodologies and broker quotes. In discounted cash flow methodologies, future cash flows estimated based on a number of assumptions such as default rate, prepayment rate, and seniority are discounted by discount rate adjusted for credit risk and liquidity risk.
 
 
The following is a summary of the contractual maturities of
available-for-sale
debt securities as of March 31,
2026
:
Available-for-sale
debt securities held as of March 31, 2026
 
    
Millions of yen
 
    
Amortized

cost
    
Fair value
 
Due within one year
   ¥   55,891      ¥   57,667  
Due after one to five years
     418,096        402,973  
Due after five to ten years
     337,992        343,359  
Due after ten years
     2,591,159        1,722,417  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
   ¥ 3,403,138      ¥ 2,526,416  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Debt securities not due at a single maturity date, such as mortgage-backed securities, are included in the above table based on their final maturities.
Certain borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. This right may cause actual maturities to differ from the contractual maturities summarized above.
Included in finance revenues in the consolidated statements of income is interest income on investment securities of ¥26,331 million, ¥29,140 million and ¥
37,814
 million for fiscal 2024, 2025 and 2026, respectively.
There were no
available-for-sale
debt securities accounted for as purchased credit deterioration financial assets acquired during fiscal 2025 and 2026.