Balance sheet and other information related to our leases are as follows:

Maturities of operating lease liabilities are as follows:

As of April 30, 2026, the weighted-average remaining lease term and weighted-average discount rate for our operating leases are 5.0 years and 6.22%, respectively. We calculated the weighted-average discount rate using incremental borrowing rates, which equal the rates of interest that we would pay to borrow funds on a fully collateralized basis over a similar term.

one year. Options granted under the 2018 Plan must be issued at an exercise price of not less than the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant and expire after ten years. Under the 2018 Plan, there were 452,361 unvested RSUs; 103 unvested PSUs; and options to purchase an aggregate of 146,500 shares outstanding as of April 30, 2026.

In addition to the 2018 Plan, we previously granted equity awards under our 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) and our 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2007 Plan”). No new awards may be issued under either the 2007 Plan or 2015 Plan, but outstanding awards will continue to be governed by those plans. As of April 30, 2026, options to purchase an aggregate of 65,349 shares were outstanding under the 2007 Plan and options to purchase an aggregate of 52,000 shares were outstanding under the 2015 Plan.

We also have a Non-Employee Director Annual Compensation Program (the “Program”) under which each non-employee director receives an automatic grant of RSAs on the date of the regular full meeting of the Board of Directors held each fiscal quarter. Under the Program, the number of whole shares to be granted each quarter is equal to 25% of the number calculated by dividing the director’s annual compensation amount by the fair market value of our stock on such day. The director’s annual compensation amount for RSAs is $72,800. Beginning in the second quarter of fiscal 2026, the Board of Directors elected to receive their annual cash compensation entirely in stock, issued as RSAs based on the closing stock price at each quarterly meeting. The amount of annual cash compensation varies by director based on the positions held on the Board. All RSAs granted under the Program vest immediately.

Stock Options

There were no stock options granted during the first three months of fiscal 2026 or 2027, and as of April 30, 2026, there was no unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options.

Restricted Stock Units (RSUs), Performance-Based Stock Units (PSUs) and Restricted Stock Awards (RSAs)

As of April 30, 2026, there was approximately $3.9 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to RSUs, PSUs and RSAs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.3 years.

Long-Term Incentive Program

In June 2025 and February 2026, the Human Capital and Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors approved the 2026 and 2027 Senior Executive Long-Term Incentive Programs (the “2026 LTIP” and “2027 LTIP,” respectively, and collectively, the “2026 and 2027 LTIPs”). Each program provides for the grant of stock-settled performance awards (“SSPAs”) to senior executives with a fixed grant-date value. The SSPAs will be settled in a variable number of shares of common stock or in cash, at the Company's election, based on the achievement of specified Company performance goals for fiscal 2028 under the 2026 LTIP and fiscal 2029 under the 2027 LTIP, with settlement occurring subsequent to the respective performance periods. Any shares issued under these programs will be issued pursuant to the Company’s 2018 Equity Incentive Plan.

We record share-based compensation expense related to the 2026 and 2027 LTIPs over the service period of eligible employees based on forecasted performance relative to the Company metrics. To the extent that updated estimates differ from original estimates, the cumulative effect on current and prior periods of those changes is recorded in the period those estimates are revised.

At January 31, 2026, we recognized a $241,000 accrued liability for the 2026 LTIP. For the three months ended April 30, 2026, we recorded a $175,000 share-based compensation benefit under the 2026 and 2027 LTIPs, based on adjustments to expected performance relative to the Company’s target metrics. An accrued liability for the 2026 and 2027 LITPs of $66,000 is reported as other long-term liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet for the period ended April 30, 2026.

Our Product ID segment produces an array of high-technology digital color and monochrome label printers, commercial presses, direct to package/overprint printers, mail and sheet/flatpack printers and flexible packaging printers as well as supplies for a variety of industries worldwide. Our Aerospace segment produces our line of aerospace flight deck and cabin printers, as well as specialty airborne certified networking hardware and related supplies and services. The Aerospace segment also includes data acquisition systems used worldwide for a variety of recording, monitoring and troubleshooting.

Our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) has been identified as our President and Chief Executive Officer. The CODM regularly receives and uses discrete financial information about each reporting segment which is used for performance assessments and resource allocation decisions. The CODM evaluates the performance of and allocates resources to the reporting segments based on segment profit or loss, which represents the segments’ income (loss) before income taxes and excludes corporate expenses. The accounting policies of the reporting segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2026.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2026, we refined our segment reporting to better reflect how the CODM evaluates segment performance by allocating certain costs previously included in corporate general and administrative expense to the applicable reporting segments. These allocations were made to enhance the accuracy and comparability of segment profit or loss and are consistent with our organizational alignment and internal management reporting. At the same time, we also revised our methodology for allocating certain costs between cost of goods sold and operating expense at the segment level. As a result, segment cost of revenue, operating expenses and segment profit or loss have been recast to conform to these changes for the period ended April 30, 2025.

Other information by segment is presented below:

Note 19 – Subsequent Event

Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Business Overview

This section should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere herein and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2026.

We are a multinational enterprise that leverages our proprietary printing technologies to design, develop, manufacture, distribute and service a broad range of products that acquire, store, analyze and enable data to be visualized in multiple formats and on a variety of materials. We market and sell our products and services through the following two segments:

We market and sell our products and services globally through a diverse distribution structure of direct sales personnel, manufacturers’ representatives and authorized dealers that deliver a full complement of branded products and services to customers in our respective markets. Our growth strategy centers on driving organic growth through product innovation and through a robust go-to-market strategy that is customer-centric.

On March 20, 2025, we announced our restructuring actions for fiscal 2026, which included reducing approximately 10% of the Company’s global workforce, primarily in the Product ID segment, and the realignment of our underperforming MTEX operation in Portugal. As part of this initiative, we have eliminated approximately 70% of the MTEX product portfolio, phasing out low-volume, low-margin and developmental models in the emerging fabric printing market to focus more resources on higher-margin products that provide recurring revenue. In addition, all MTEX sales, marketing and customer support functions were integrated into the AstroNova sales structure. As of April 30, 2026, we have incurred $1.7 million in total restructuring charges including $0.4 million and $0.6 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2027 and 2026, respectively. These restructuring charges are primarily related to severance. We expect our restructuring actions to result in $3.0 million in annualized savings, and we anticipate completing the plan by the second quarter of fiscal 2027.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2026, we refined our segment reporting to better reflect how our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) evaluates segment performance by allocating certain costs previously included in corporate general and administrative ("G&A") expense to the appropriate reporting segments. These allocations were made to enhance the accuracy and comparability of segment profit or loss and are consistent with our organizational alignment and internal management reporting. Additionally, we revised our methodology for allocating certain costs between cost of goods sold and operating expenses both for consolidated and segment reporting. As a result, the allocation of corporate G&A and realignment of cost of revenue and operating expenses, prior period segment operating expenses and segment profit or loss have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect these changes.

On April 7, 2026, we announced a review and evaluation of strategic alternatives to maximize shareholder value. The Board’s review will consider potential strategic, business and financial alternatives, which may include, among other things, a sale of all or part of the Company, a merger or other business combination, or other strategic transactions, as well as continuing to execute on our strategic plan.

Tariffs and Trade Environment

The Company continues to operate in a dynamic global trade environment. During calendar year 2025, the U.S. government- imposed tariffs under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (“IEEPA”) on a broad range of imports. On February 20, 2026, the United States Supreme Court ruled that such tariffs were not authorized, and subsequent regulatory actions have enabled importers to pursue refunds of previously paid amounts.

We paid tariffs during fiscal 2026 that may be eligible for refunds. We are evaluating and, where appropriate, intend to pursue recovery through the administrative process established by U.S. Customs and Border Protection. However, the amount and timing of any refunds remain uncertain, and no amounts have been recognized in our financial results as of April 30, 2026.

In addition, we may be required to pass through all or a portion of any tariff refunds to customers, depending on contractual terms and historical pricing practices. As a result, any potential recoveries may not be fully retained by us and could reduce the net financial benefit of such refunds.

Following the Supreme Court’s decision, the tariff landscape continues to evolve, including the potential imposition of alternative tariffs under other statutory authorities. Changes in tariff policy, including the availability and outcome of refund claims and the introduction of new tariffs, could impact our cost structure, pricing strategies, and operating results.

We continue to monitor developments closely and is implementing mitigation strategies where appropriate. However, there can be no assurance regarding the ultimate outcome of tariff-related developments or their impact on future results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended April 30, 2026 vs. Three Months Ended April 30, 2025

Revenue by segment and current quarter percentage change over the prior year for the three months ended April 30, 2026 and 2025 were:

Revenue for the first quarter of the current year was $39.4 million, representing a 4.4% increase compared to the previous year's first quarter. The increase in current quarter revenue is primarily due to higher hardware sales in the Aerospace segment. The increase in revenue was partially offset by a decrease in supplies revenue in both the Product ID and Aerospace segments and a decline in parts and other revenue in the Aerospace segment. Revenue through domestic channels for the first quarter of the current year was $24.1 million, representing approximately 60% of our first quarter revenue and reflecting an increase of 6.2% from the prior year’s first quarter domestic revenue of $22.7 million. International revenue for the first quarter of the current year was $15.3 million, representing approximately 40% of our first quarter revenue and reflecting a 1.7% increase from the previous year's first quarter international revenue. In the first quarter of the current year, tariff mitigation contributed $0.7 million in revenue and international revenue reflected a favorable foreign exchange rate impact of $0.6 million.

Hardware revenue in the first quarter of the current year was $13.8 million, an increase of $2.5 million, or 22.0%, compared to $11.3 million in the same period of the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by the Aerospace segment, reflecting higher commercial aircraft hardware sales, which increased $2.3 million in the current quarter to $7.2 million, as well as modest growth in regional and business jet hardware sales, which increased $0.2 million to $0.6 million. Also contributing to the overall current quarter increase were higher hardware sales in the Product ID segment’s mail and sheet/flat pack printer markets, which increased $0.9 million to $2.3 million. These increases were partially offset by lower current quarter sales of direct-to-package/overprint printers, which declined $0.6 million to $0.8 million, and desktop label printers, which declined $0.4 million to $1.3 million.

Supplies revenue in the first quarter of the current year was $19.8 million, a $1.2 million or 5.9% decrease compared to the prior year’s first quarter supplies revenue of $21.1 million. The decrease in the current quarter supplies revenue is attributable to both segments with a $0.9 million or 4.6% decrease in sales of supplies in the Product ID segment and a $0.3 million or 25.9% decrease in sales of supplies in the Aerospace segment.

Service and other revenue of $5.7 million in the current quarter increased $0.4 million or 7.7% compared to service and other revenues of $5.3 million in the first quarter of the prior year. The increase in current quarter service and other revenue was primarily attributable to $0.7 million in tariff revenue in the Product ID segment. A $0.3 million or 14.5% increase in repair revenue in the Aerospace segment also contributed to the current year growth in service and other revenue. The overall current quarter increase in service and other revenue was partially offset by a $0.6 million or 29.0% decrease in parts and other revenue in the Aerospace segment.

The current year's first quarter gross profit was $14.4 million, a 20.7% increase compared to the prior year’s first quarter gross profit of $12.0 million. Current quarter gross profit margin of 36.6% reflected a 500-basis point increase from the prior year’s first quarter gross profit margin of 31.7%. Current quarter gross profit was impacted by a net inventory reserve reversal of $0.3 million and

a restructuring charge of $0.4 million, compared to an inventory step-up charge of $0.1 million and a restructuring charge of $0.3 million in the first quarter of the prior year. The higher gross profit margin compared to same period in the prior year is primarily attributable to higher sales, favorable product mix and lower manufacturing expenses in the current quarter.

Operating expenses for the current quarter were $12.9 million, compared with $11.4 million in the prior year first quarter, an increase of $1.5 million, or 13.0%. Selling and marketing expenses in the current quarter were $5.7 million, up $0.1 million, or 1.6%, from the prior year first quarter, primarily due to higher employee wages and benefits, demo provision, and selling and distribution costs, partially offset by lower shared services allocations. General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses were $5.4 million in the current quarter, an increase of $1.1 million, or 26.3%, from $4.2 million in the prior year first quarter. Current quarter G&A included non-recurring charges of $0.7 million for legal and professional fees, and $0.2 million for discretionary bonuses, while the prior year first quarter included non-recurring charges of $0.3 million related to the MTEX acquisition and $0.1 million for restructuring. Excluding these non-recurring items, G&A increased by $0.7 million, primarily due to higher shared services costs, professional service fees, and insurance expenses, partially offset by lower employee wages and benefits and subscription fees. Research and development (“R&D”) expenses were $1.8 million, an increase of $0.3 million, or 18.3%, from $1.5 million in the prior-year first quarter, primarily due to higher employee wages and benefits, partially offset by lower product testing and consulting expenses. R&D as a percentage of revenue was 4.6% for the current quarter, compared with 4.1% in the first quarter of the prior year.

We recognized a federal, state and foreign income tax expense for the first quarter of the current year of $0.2 million resulting in an effective tax rate of 23.1%. The effective tax rate in this period was directly impacted by a $26,000 benefit related to the expiration of the statute of limitations on a previously uncertain tax position. During the three months ended April 30, 2025, we recognized an income tax expense of $75,000. The effective tax rate in this period was directly impacted by a $109,000 tax expense related to the return to provision associated with our fiscal 2023 amended state tax returns. Additional impacts on the effective tax rate for that period included a $62,000 tax expense arising from shortfall tax expense related to our stock and a $26,000 tax benefit related to the expiration of the statute of limitations on a previously uncertain tax position.

We reported a net income of $0.7 million, or $0.08 per diluted share for the first quarter of the current year. Current quarter net income and net income per diluted share were impacted by restructuring charges of $0.4 million ($0.3 million net of tax or $0.04 per diluted share), nonrecurring legal and professional fees of $0.8 million ($0.6 million net of tax or $0.07 per diluted share), non-recurring net inventory reserve reversal of $0.3 million ($0.2 million net of tax or $0.02 per diluted share), and nonrecurring discretionary bonus charges of $0.2 million ($0.1 million net of tax or $0.02 per diluted share). Net loss for the prior year’s first quarter was $0.4 million or $0.05 per diluted share. Net loss and net loss per diluted share for the quarter ended April 30, 2025 were impacted by an inventory step up of $0.1 million ($0.1 million net of tax or $0.01 per diluted share), transaction costs related to the MTEX acquisition of $0.3 million ($0.3 million net of tax or $0.03 per diluted share), and restructuring charges of $0.6 million ($0.4 million net of tax or $0.06 per diluted share).

Segment Analysis

We report two segments: Product ID and Aerospace and evaluate segment performance based on the segment profit before Corporate expenses. Summarized below are the revenue and segment operating profit for each reporting segment:

Product ID

The Product Identification segment delivers end-to-end marking and identification solutions, including hardware, software, and consumables for OEMs, commercial printers, and brand owners. These solutions are used across labels, flexible packaging, corrugated, and industrial substrates, where durability, traceability, and compliance are essential. Product categories are:

The table below provides Product ID revenue by the markets in which products and services are sold for the three months ended April 30, 2026 and 2025:

*Prior year amounts have been reclassified from amounts previously reported to conform classification to current year presentation.

Revenue from the Product ID segment decreased $0.2 million, or 0.8%, in the first quarter of the current year to $26.1 million from $26.3 million in the comparable prior year period. The decrease primarily reflected a $1.1 million or 33.8% decrease in the direct to package/overprint printer market sales, partially offset by a $0.3 million, or 7.9%, increase in sales of professional label printers. Product ID current year first quarter sales also included a $0.7 million contribution due to tariff mitigation. Product ID segment operating income was $0.6 million, or 2.2% of revenue, for the current-year first quarter, compared with $0.3 million, or 1.0% of revenue, in the prior-year period and includes non-recurring charges of $0.2 million related to an inventory provision, $0.1 million related to discretionary bonus expense and $0.4 million of restructuring charges in the current-year period. Prior year first quarter segment operating income was $0.3 million and included nonrecurring charges of $0.1 million related to inventory step-up and $0.3 million of restructuring charges. The current year first quarter margin reflected the effects of sales volume, product mix and cost changes, including the impact of the nonrecurring inventory and restructuring charges.

Aerospace

We define the primary markets we serve through our Aerospace segment as follows:

The table below provides Aerospace revenue by the markets in which products and services are sold for the three months ended April 30, 2026 and 2025:

*Prior year amounts have been reclassified from amounts previously reported to conform classification to current year presentation.

Revenue from the Aerospace segment was $13.3 million for the first quarter of the current fiscal year, an increase of $1.9 million, or 16.3%, from $11.4 million in the same period of the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by a $2.3 million, or 46.3%, increase in commercial aircraft sales, reflecting higher demand during the current year. The increase was also supported by a $0.2 million, or 42.4%, increase in regional and business jet aircraft sales. These increases were partially offset by a $0.6 million, or 13.0%, decline in aftermarket sales compared with the prior year first quarter. Aerospace segment operating profit for the first quarter was $3.9 million, or 29.2% of revenue and included a non-recurring $0.5 million benefit related to an inventory provision. Prior year first quarter segment operating income was $2.0 million, or 17.3% of revenue, and included non-recurring restructuring charges of $0.2 million. The increase in segment operating profit and margin was primarily attributable to higher sales, favorable product mix, and lower manufacturing and operating costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Our primary sources of liquidity have been cash generated from operating activities and borrowings under our revolving credit facility. These sources have also usually funded the majority of our capital expenditures and contractual contingent consideration obligations. We have funded acquisitions by borrowing under bank term loan and revolving credit facilities.

We believe cash flow generation from operations and available unused credit capacity under our revolving credit facility will support our anticipated needs. Additionally, as discussed below, on October 31, 2025, we amended our credit agreement with Bank of America to, among other things, extend the maturity date of the revolving credit facility thereunder and the amortization schedule and final maturity dates of the term loans thereunder.

On October 31, 2025, we entered into a Sixth Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Amendment”) with Bank of America, N.A., as lender (the “Lender”). The Amendment amended and otherwise modified the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of July 30, 2020, as previously amended and otherwise modified, including, but not limited to, by the Fifth Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and Waiver Agreement dated as of September 8, 2025 (such Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, as so previously amended and otherwise modified, the “Existing Credit Agreement”; the Existing Credit Agreement, as amended and otherwise modified by the Amendment, the “Amended Credit Agreement”), among the Company as borrower, Astro Machine Corporation (“Astro Machine”) as guarantor, and the Lender.

The Amended Credit Agreement provides for, among other modifications of the Existing Credit Agreement, (i) an increase in the aggregate principal amount of the revolving credit facility commitment thereunder from $25,000,000 to $27,500,000 until July 31, 2026, after which the aggregate principal amount of the revolving credit facility will reduce to $25,000,000; (ii) an extension of the maturity date of the revolving credit facility thereunder from August 4, 2027 to August 4, 2028; and (iii) the refinancing of the existing term loans under the Existing Credit Agreement into a new term loan in the principal amount of $10,000,000 (the “Term Loan”) and a new term A-2 loan in the principal amount of $9,720,000 (the “Term A-2 Loan”). At the closing of the Amendment, we borrowed the entire $10,000,000 Term Loan, the entire $9,720,000 Term A-2 Loan and an additional $1,500,000 under the revolving credit facility. The proceeds of such borrowings were used primarily to repay and refinance in full the existing term loans under the Existing Credit Agreement and to pay certain related transaction costs. The revolving credit facility may otherwise be used for general corporate purposes.

At April 30, 2026, our cash and cash equivalents were $4.7 million. We have borrowed $15.0 million on our revolving line of credit with Bank of America and have $12.5 million available for borrowing under that facility as of April 30, 2026. Additionally, MTEX has a €0.5 million ($0.6 million) available line of credit with Caixa Central de Crédito Agricola Mutuo which will terminate in June 2026. There is $0.4 million outstanding on this line of credit as of April 2026.

Indebtedness

Term Loans and Revolving Credit Loans

The Amended Credit Agreement requires that the Term Loan be paid in quarterly installments on the last day of each fiscal quarter of the Company (commencing with the fiscal quarter ending January 31, 2026) through July 31, 2028, in the principal amount of $500,000 each, and the entire then-remaining principal balance of the Term Loan is required to be paid on August 4, 2028. The Amended Credit Agreement requires that the Term A-2 Loan be paid in monthly installments on the last day of each calendar month of the Company (commencing with November 2025) through July 31, 2035, in the principal amount of $40,500 each, and the entire then-remaining principal balance of the Term A-2 Loan is required to be paid on August 4, 2035. We may voluntarily prepay the Term Loan or the Term A-2 Loan, in whole or in part, from time to time without premium or penalty (other than customary breakage costs, if applicable). We may repay borrowings under the revolving credit facility at any time without premium or penalty (other than customary breakage costs, if applicable), but in any event no later than August 4, 2028, and any outstanding revolving loans thereunder will be due and payable in full, and the remainder of the revolving credit facility will terminate, on such date. We may reduce or terminate the revolving credit facility at any time, subject to certain thresholds and conditions, without premium or penalty.

As under the Existing Credit Agreement, the loans under the Amended Credit Agreement are subject to certain mandatory prepayments, subject to various exceptions, from (a) net cash proceeds from certain dispositions of property, (b) net cash proceeds from certain issuances of equity, (c) net cash proceeds from certain issuances of additional debt and (d) net cash proceeds from certain extraordinary receipts. If the revolving credit facility commitment is terminated in full for any reason (whether by scheduled maturity, required prepayment, acceleration, demand, optional termination, or otherwise), we are required to prepay the Term A-2 Loan in full concurrently with such termination.

Amounts repaid under the revolving credit facility may be reborrowed, subject to our continued compliance with the Amended Credit Agreement. No amount of the Term Loan or the Term A-2 Loan that is repaid may be reborrowed.

The Term Loan, the Term A-2 Loan and revolving credit loans bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the Term SOFR rate as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement (or, in the case of revolving credit loans denominated in Euros or another currency other than U.S. Dollars, the applicable quoted rate), plus a margin that varies within a range of 1.60% to 3.25% based on our consolidated leverage ratio, In addition to certain other fees and expenses that are required to be paid by us to the Lender, we are required to pay a commitment fee on the undrawn portion of the revolving credit facility that varies within a range of 0.15% and 0.40% based on our consolidated leverage ratio.

We must comply with various customary financial and non-financial covenants under the Amended Credit Agreement, certain provisions of which covenants were modified by the Amendment. The financial covenants under the Amended Credit Agreement consist of a maximum consolidated leverage ratio that is tested on the last day of each fiscal quarter of the Company and a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio that is tested on the last day of each fiscal quarter of the Company; the minimum consolidated interim fixed charge coverage ratio under the Existing Credit Agreement was eliminated by the Amendment. The primary non-financial covenants limit our and our subsidiaries’ ability to incur future indebtedness, to place liens on assets, to pay dividends or distributions on our or their capital stock, to repurchase or acquire our or their capital stock, to conduct mergers or acquisitions, to sell assets, to alter our or their capital structure, to make investments and loans, to change the nature of our or their business, and to prepay subordinated indebtedness, in each case subject to certain exceptions and thresholds as set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement. As of April 30, 2026, we believe we are in compliance with all of our covenants in the Amended Credit Agreement.

The Lender is entitled to accelerate repayment of the loans and to terminate its revolving credit commitment under the Amended Credit Agreement upon the occurrence of any of various customary events of default, which include, among other events, the following (which are subject, in some cases, to certain grace periods): failure to pay when due any principal, interest or other amounts in respect of the loans, breach of any of our covenants or representations under the loan documents, default under any other of our or our subsidiaries’ significant indebtedness agreements, a bankruptcy, insolvency or similar event with respect to us or any of our subsidiaries, a significant unsatisfied judgment against us or any of our subsidiaries, or a change of control with respect to us.

Our obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement continue to be secured by substantially all of the personal property assets of the Company (including a pledge of the equity interests held by the Company in its subsidiaries ANI ApS, AstroNova GmbH, AstroNova SAS and AstroNova Portugal, Unipessoal, Lda), subject to certain exceptions, and are guaranteed by, and secured by substantially all of the personal property assets of, Astro Machine. Our obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement also continue to be secured by a mortgage on the Company’s owned real property in West Warwick, Rhode Island, and are also secured by a mortgage on Astro Machine’s owned real property in Elk Grove Village, Illinois, which mortgage was entered into in connection with the closing of the Amendment.

In connection with our May 6, 2024 acquisition of MTEX, we assumed certain financing obligations that remain outstanding as of April 30, 2026. These obligations include a term loan (the “MTEX Term Loan”) under an agreement dated December 22, 2023 between MTEX and Caixa Central de Crédito Agrícola Mútuo.

As of April 30, 2026, the MTEX Term Loan had an outstanding balance of €1.3 million ($1.5 million). The loan bears interest at the 12-month EURIBOR plus 2% and requires monthly principal and interest payments of approximately €17,000 ($20,000). The loan is scheduled to be repaid in full in May 2026.

MTEX also has interest-free loans from Portuguese government agencies (the “MTEX Government Grant Term Loans”), which are required to be repaid. As of April 30, 2026, the outstanding balance of the MTEX Government Grant Term Loans was €0.1 million ($0.1 million), substantially all of which is classified as short-term debt. These loans remain interest-free provided scheduled principal payments are made. If payment terms are renegotiated, interest is applied at a rate established by the applicable government agency at the renegotiation date and added to the outstanding balance. The loans have varying maturity dates through January 2027.

Equipment Financing

In January 2024, we entered into a secured equipment loan facility agreement with Banc of America Leasing & Capital, LLC and borrowed the principal amount of $0.8 million thereunder for the financing of our purchase of production equipment. The loan matures on January 23, 2029, and bears interest at a fixed rate of 7.06%.

Cash Flow

Our statements of cash flows for the three months ended April 30, 2026 and 2025, are included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Net cash provided by operating activities was $3.0 million for the first three months of fiscal 2027 compared to $4.4 million for the same period of the previous year. While we shifted from a net loss to a net income position, net cash provided by operations for the first three months of the current year decreased as compared to the prior year first quarter primarily due to the decreased cash required for working capital. The combination of changes in accounts receivable, inventory, income taxes payable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and deferred revenue increased cash by $0.7 million for the first three months of fiscal 2027, compared to an increase of $3.2 million for the same period in fiscal 2026.

Our accounts receivable balance increased to $21.6 million at the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2027 compared to $19.0 million at year end. Days sales outstanding for the first quarter of the current year increased to 49 days compared to 46 days at year end. Our inventory balance of $43.9 million at the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2027 increased slightly compared to $43.3 million at year end. Inventory days on hand increased to 159 days at the end of the current quarter from 153 days at year end.

Our cash position at April 30, 2026 was $4.7 million compared to $4.1 million at year end. The increase in cash during the current quarter was primarily a result of cash provided by operations, which was partially offset by cash outflows during the current year, which primarily included net payments on our long-term debt and revolving credit facility of $1.6 million and payment of our guaranteed royalty obligation of $0.4 million.

Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies

There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2026, other than those occurring in the ordinary course of business.

Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Certain Other Matters

The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, and disclosure of commitments and contingencies at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. We base these estimates and judgments on factors we believe to be relevant, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.

The process of determining significant estimates is fact-specific and takes into account factors such as historical experience, current and expected economic conditions, product mix, and in some cases, actuarial and appraisal techniques. We constantly re-evaluate these significant factors and make adjustments where facts and circumstances dictate.

While we believe that the factors considered provide a meaningful basis for the accounting policies applied in the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements, we cannot guarantee that our estimates and assumptions will be accurate. As the determination of these estimates requires the exercise of judgment, actual results may differ from those estimates, and such differences may be material to our condensed consolidated financial statements. There have been no material changes to the application of critical accounting policies as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2026.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are not statements of historical fact but rather reflect our current expectations concerning future events and results. We generally use the words “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “likely,” “continues,” “may,” “will,” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements, including those concerning our expectations, involve risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated include, but are not limited to (a) general economic, financial, industry and business conditions; (b) declining demand in the test and measurement markets, especially defense and aerospace; (c) our ability to develop and introduce new products and achieve market acceptance of these products; (d) our dependance on contract manufacturers and/or single or limited source suppliers; (e) competition in the specialty printer or data acquisition industries; (f) our ability to control our cost structure; (g) our ability to adequately enforce and protect our intellectual property, defend against assertions of infringement or loss of certain licenses; (h) the risk of incurring liabilities as a result of installed product failures due to design or manufacturing defects; (i) the risk of a material security breach of our information technology system or cybersecurity attack impacting our business and our relationship with customers; (j) our ability to attract,

develop and retain key employees and manage human capital resources; (k) we may be required to record additional charges to future earnings if our goodwill or intangible assets become further impaired; (l) changes to United States tariff and import/export regulations and potential countermeasures; (m) economic, political and other risks associated with international sales and operations and the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on the results of operations; (n) changes in tax rates or exposure to additional income tax liabilities; (o) our ability to comply with our current credit agreement or secure alternative financing and to otherwise manage our indebtedness; (p) our substantial indebtedness may limit the cash flow available for our operations and exposes us to risks; (q) our ability to successfully integrate and realize the expected benefits from MTEX and other acquisitions and realize benefits from divestitures; (r) our ability to maintain adequate self-insurance accruals or insurance coverage for employee health care benefits; (s) our compliance with customer or regulators certifications and our compliance with certain governmental laws and regulations; (t) our ability to achieve and maintain effective internal controls and procedures over financial reporting; (u) the risk that we may not successfully execute or achieve the expected benefits of our restructuring plan for our Product Identification segment; and (v) all other risks included under “Item 1A-Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2026. We assume no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our primary financial market risks consist of foreign currency exchange rates risk and the impact of changes in interest rates that fluctuate with the market on our variable rate credit borrowings under our existing credit agreement.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

The functional currencies of our foreign subsidiaries and branches are the local currencies—the British Pound in the U.K., the Canadian Dollar in Canada, the Danish Kroner in Denmark, the Chinese Yuan in China, and the Euro in France, Germany and Portugal. We are exposed to foreign currency exchange risk as the functional currency financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated to U.S. dollars. The assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries having a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date, and at an average exchange rate for the reporting period for revenue and expense accounts. The cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment is recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity. The reported results of our foreign subsidiaries will be influenced by their translation into U.S. dollars by currency movements against the U.S. dollar. Our primary currency translation exposure is related to our subsidiaries that have functional currencies denominated in Danish Kroner and the Euro. A hypothetical 10% change in the rates used to translate the results of our foreign subsidiaries would result in an increase or decrease in our consolidated net income of less than $0.1 million for the quarter ended April 30, 2026.

Transactional exposure arises where transactions occur in currencies other than the functional currency. Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the exchange rate prevailing at the date of the transaction. The resulting monetary assets and liabilities are translated into the appropriate functional currency at exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date and the resulting gains and losses are reported as foreign exchange gain (loss) in the consolidated statements of income. Foreign exchange losses resulting from transactional exposure were less than $0.1 million for the three months ended April 30, 2026.

Interest Rate Risk

During the three months ended April 30, 2026, there were no material changes to our interest rate risk disclosures as set forth in Part II, Item 7A “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2026.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management has evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”). Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner, and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rules 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended April 30, 2026 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

On March 11, 2025, Effort Premier Solutions LDA (“Effort”) and Elói Serafim Alves Ferreira initiated arbitration proceedings against us and our subsidiary AstroNova Portugal, Unipessoal, Lda. (“AstroNova Portugal”) in the Arbitration Center located in Oporto, Portugal (the “Arbitration Court”). The claim alleges, among other things, breaches of the MTEX acquisition agreement and damage to Mr. Ferreira’s professional reputation.

On May 15, 2026, we, together with AstroNova Portugal and MTEX., entered into a settlement agreement with Effort, Mr. Ferreira and Atlantiprestígio to resolve all claims arising out of and relating to the MTEX acquisition.

Under the terms of the settlement:

As a result of the settlement, we no longer expect the arbitration or related proceedings to proceed to adjudication, subject to completion of the required property registration.

There are no other pending or threatened legal proceedings against us that we believe to be material to our financial position or results of operations.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, one should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2026, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future operating results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks that could affect our business, as additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results as well as adversely affect the value of our common stock.

There have been no material updates to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2026.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

During the first quarter of fiscal 2027, we made the following repurchases of our common stock:

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended April 30, 2026, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

Item 6. Exhibits

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.