As with all funds, there is the risk that you could lose money through your investment in the Fund. Many factors affect the Fund’s net asset value, price of shares, and performance.

The following describes the risks the Fund bears with respect to its investments. As with any fund, there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its objective.

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Concentration Risk: A significant percentage of the Index may be comprised of issuers in a single industry or group of industries. If the Fund is focused in an industry or group of industries, the value of Shares of the Fund (“Shares”) may rise and fall more than the value of shares of funds that invest in a broader range of securities.

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Counterparty Risk: The Fund may invest in financial instruments involving counterparties for the purpose of attempting to gain exposure to particular securities or asset classes without actually purchasing those securities or investments. These financial instruments may involve risks that are different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions, and expose the Fund to the risk that the counterparty will be unable or unwilling to pay obligations due to the Fund.

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Currency Risk: Currency risk is the potential for price fluctuations in the dollar value of foreign securities because of changing currency exchange rates. Because the Fund’s NAV is determined on the basis of U.S. dollars, the Fund may lose money if the local currency of a foreign market depreciates against the U.S. dollar, even if the local currency value of the Fund’s holdings goes up.

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Early Close/Trading Halt Risk: An exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities, or the ability to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments may be restricted, which may prevent the Fund from buying or selling certain securities or financial instruments. In these circumstances, the Fund may be unable to rebalance its portfolio, may be unable to accurately price its investments and may incur substantial trading losses.

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Equity Securities Risk: Fluctuations in the value of equity securities held by the Fund will cause the NAV of the Fund to fluctuate.

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Common Stock Risks: Common stocks may decline significantly in price over short of extended periods of time. Price changes may occur in the market as a whole, or they may occur in only a particular company, industry, country or sector of the market. Common stock is subordinate to preferred stock upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company.

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Preferred Stock Risks: Preferred stocks are subject not only to risks generally applicable to equity securities, but also risks associated with fixed-income securities, such as interest rate risk. A company’s preferred stock, which may pay fixed or variable rates of return, generally pays dividends only after the company makes required payments to creditors, including vendors, depositors, counterparties, holders of its bonds and other fixed-income securities. As a result, the value of a company’s preferred stock will react more strongly than bonds and other debt to actual or perceived changes in the company’s financial condition or prospects. Preferred stock may be less liquid than many other types of securities, such as common stock, and generally has limited or no voting rights. In addition, preferred stock is subject to the risks that a company may defer or not pay dividends, and, in certain situations, may call or redeem its preferred stock or convert it to common stock.

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ETF Structure Risks: The Fund is structured as an ETF and as a result is subject to the special risks, including:

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Not Individually Redeemable: Shares are not individually redeemable and may be redeemed by the Fund at net asset value (“NAV”) only in large blocks known as “Creation Units.” There can be no assurance that there will be sufficient liquidity in Shares in the secondary market to permit assembly of a Creation Unit. In addition, investors may incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a Creation Unit.

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Trading Issues: Trading in Shares on the Exchange may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in Shares inadvisable, such as extraordinary market volatility. There can be no assurance that Shares will continue to meet the listing requirements of the Exchange, which may result in the Shares being delisted. An active trading market for Shares may not be developed or maintained. If the securities in the Fund’s portfolio are traded outside a collateralized settlement system, the number of financial institutions that can act as authorized participants (“Authorized Participants”) that can post collateral on an agency basis is limited, which may limit the market for Shares.

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Market Price Variance Risk: The market prices of Shares will fluctuate in response to changes in NAV and supply and demand for Shares and will include a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialists, market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. There may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. This means that Shares may trade at a discount to NAV.

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In times of market stress, market makers may step away from their role of market making in shares of ETFs and in executing trades, which can lead to differences between the market value of Shares and the Fund’s NAV.

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The market price for Shares may deviate from the Fund’s NAV, particularly during times of market stress, with the result that investors may pay significantly more or significantly less for Shares than the Fund’s NAV, which is reflected in the bid and ask price for Fund shares or in the closing price.

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When all or a portion of an ETF’s underlying securities trade in a market that is closed when the market for Shares is open, there may be changes from the last quote of the closed market and the quote from the Fund’s domestic trading day, which could lead to differences between the market value of Shares and the Fund’s NAV.

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In stressed market conditions, the market for Shares may become less liquid in response to the deteriorating liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio. This adverse effect on the liquidity of Shares may, in turn, lead to differences between the market value of Shares and the Fund’s NAV.

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Fixed-Income Securities Risk: Fixed-income securities are subject to special risks, including interest rate risk, credit risk and prepayment risk.

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Interest Rate Risk: Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates. Generally, the value of debt securities falls as interest rates rise. Fixed income securities differ in their sensitivities to changes in interest rates. Fixed income securities with longer effective durations tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates, usually making them more volatile than securities with shorter effective durations.

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Credit Risk: Credit risk is the risk that the inability or perceived inability of an issuer to make interest and principal payments will cause the value of its securities to decrease, and cause the Fund a loss. If an issuer’s financial health deteriorates, it may result in a reduction of the credit rating of the issuer’s securities. Declines in credit quality can result in bankruptcy for the issuer and permanent loss of investment. The fixed income securities held by the Fund are subject to the risk that the issuer will be unwilling or unable to satisfy its obligations to the Fund, including the periodic payment of interest or the payment of principal upon maturity.

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Prepayment Risk: Prepayment risk is the risk that issuers of callable securities with high interest coupons prepay (or “call”) their bonds before their maturity date due to falling interest rates. If a call were exercised by the issuer during a period of declining interest rates, the Fund is likely to have to replace such called security with a lower yielding security. If that were to happen, it would decrease the Fund’s net investment income.

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Foreign Markets Risk: Foreign investments are subject to the same risks as domestic investments and additional risks, including international trade, currency, political, regulatory and diplomatic risks, which may affect their value. Foreign markets are subject to special risks associated with foreign investments including, but not limited to: lower levels of liquidity and market efficiency; greater securities price volatility; exchange rate fluctuations and exchange controls; limitations on foreign ownership of securities; imposition of withholding or other taxes; imposition of restrictions on the expatriation of the assets of the Fund; difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations; lower levels of regulation of the securities market; risks in clearance and settlement processes; and weaker accounting, disclosure and reporting requirements. Shareholder and bondholder rights under the laws of some foreign countries may not be as favorable as U.S. laws. Also, foreign securities are subject to the risk that their market price may not reflect the issuer’s condition because there is not sufficient publicly available information about the issuer.

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Investing in Other ETFs Risk: ETFs are subject to investment advisory and other expenses, which will be indirectly paid by the Fund. As a result, your cost of investing in the Fund will be higher than the cost of investing directly in ETFs and may be higher than other mutual funds that invest directly in bonds. Each ETF is subject to specific risks, depending on its investments.

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“Junk Bond” Risk: Non-investment grade securities and unrated securities of comparable credit quality – generally known as junk bonds – are subject to the increased risk of an issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payment obligations and are considered highly speculative. These securities may be subject to greater price volatility due to such factors as specific corporate developments, interest rate sensitivity, negative perceptions whether real or perceived, and adverse economic conditions. In addition, there may be little trading in the secondary market for particular bonds or other debt securities, which may make them more difficult to value or sell. Issuers of lower-rated securities also have a greater risk of default and bankruptcy.

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Liquidity Risk: Some securities held by the Fund may be difficult to sell or illiquid, particularly during times of market turmoil. Illiquid securities also may be difficult to value. If the Fund is forced to sell an illiquid security at an unfavorable time, the Fund may incur a loss and may not achieve a high correlation with the Index.

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Market and Geopolitical Risk: The increasing interconnectivity between global economies and financial markets increases the likelihood that events or conditions in one region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. Securities in the Fund’s portfolio may underperform due to inflation (or expectations for inflation), interest rates, global demand for particular products or resources, natural disasters, pandemics, epidemics, terrorism, tariffs and trade wars, international conflicts, regulatory events and governmental or quasi-governmental actions. The occurrence of global events similar to those in recent years may result in market volatility and may have long term effects on both the U.S. and global financial markets.

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MLP Securities Risk: Investments in the debt and equity securities of MLPs involve risks that differ from an investment in common stock. Holders of units of MLPs have more limited control rights and limited rights to vote on matters affecting the MLP as compared to holders of stock of a corporation. MLPs are controlled by their general partners, which may be subject to conflicts of interest.

General partners typically have limited fiduciary duties to an MLP, which could allow a general partner to favor its own interests over the MLP’s interests. General partners of MLPs also often have limited call rights that may require unitholders to sell their common units at an undesirable time or price. MLPs may issue additional common units without unitholder approval, which would dilute the interests of existing unitholders, including the Fund’s ownership interest. The amount of cash that each individual MLP can distribute to the Fund, which the Fund then uses to pay or distribute to its shareholders, will depend on the amount of cash the MLP generates from operations. This will vary from quarter to quarter depending on factors affecting the natural gas infrastructure market generally and on factors affecting the particular business lines of the MLP. Available cash will also depend on an MLP’s level of operating costs (including incentive distributions to its general partner), level of capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisition costs (if any), fluctuations in working capital needs and other factors. One benefit of MLPs depends largely on the MLPs being classified as partnerships for federal tax purposes and the MLPs having no federal income tax liability at the entity level. A change in current federal tax law or a change in an MLP’s business might cause the MLP not to be taxed as a partnership. Treatment of one or more MLPs as a corporation for federal tax purposes could affect the Fund’s ability to meet its investment objective and would reduce the amount of cash available to pay or distribute to shareholders.

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MLP Tax Risks: The benefit you are expected to derive from the Fund’s investments in MLPs depends largely on the MLPs being classified as partnerships for federal tax purposes. As a partnership, an MLP has no federal income tax liability at the entity level. If, as a result of a change in current law or a change in an MLP’s business, an MLP were treated as a corporation for federal purposes, the MLP would be obligated to pay federal income tax on its taxable income at the corporate tax rate and the amount of cash available for distribution would be reduced and part of all of the distributions the Fund receives might be taxed entirely as dividend income. Therefore, treatment of one or more MLPs as a corporation for federal tax purposes could affect the Fund’s ability to meet its investment objective and would reduce the amount of cash available to pay or distribute to shareholders.

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Non-Correlation Risk: The Fund’s return may not match the return of the Index for a number of reasons, including: the Fund incurs operating expenses not applicable to the Index, and incurs costs in buying and selling securities; the Fund may not be fully invested at times; the performance of the Fund and the Index may vary due to asset valuation differences and differences between the Fund’s portfolio and the Index resulting from legal restrictions, cost or liquidity constraints and; if used, representative sampling may cause the Fund’s tracking error to be higher than would be the case if the Fund purchased all of the securities in the Index.

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Passive Strategy/Index: The Fund is managed with a passive investment strategy, attempting to track the performance of an unmanaged index of underlying securities. This differs from an actively-managed fund, which typically seeks to outperform a benchmark index. As a result, the Fund may hold constituent securities of the Index regardless of the current or projected performance of a specific security or a particular industry, market sector, country or currency. Maintaining investments in securities regardless of market conditions or the performance of individual securities could cause the Fund’s return to be lower or higher than if the Fund employed an active strategy.

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REIT Risk: Investments in securities of real estate companies involve risks including, among others, adverse changes in national, state or local real estate conditions; obsolescence of properties; changes in the availability, cost and terms of mortgage funds; and the impact of changes in environmental laws. The value of a REIT can depend on the structure of and cash flow generated by the REIT. In addition, like mutual funds, REITs have expenses, including advisory and administration fees, which are paid by their shareholders. Further, the failure of a company to qualify as a REIT or comply with applicable federal tax requirements could have adverse consequences for the Fund, including significantly reducing return to the Fund on its investment.

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RIC Qualification Risk: To qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, the Fund must meet certain income source, asset diversification and annual distribution requirements. The Fund’s MLP investments may make it more difficult for the Fund to meet these requirements. The asset diversification requirements include a requirement that, at the end of each quarter of each taxable year, not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested in the securities (including debt securities) of one or more “qualified publicly traded partnerships”; the Fund anticipates that the MLPs in which it invests will be “qualified publicly traded partnerships”. If the Fund’s MLP investments exceed this 25% limitation, then the Fund would not satisfy the diversification requirements and could fail to qualify as a RIC. If, in any taxable year, the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC for any reason, the Fund would be taxed as an ordinary corporation and would become (or remain) subject to corporate income tax. The resulting corporate taxes could substantially reduce the Fund’s net assets, the amount of income available for distribution and the amount of our distributions.

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Royalty Trust Risk: Investments in royalty trusts, which differ from owning shares of a corporation, will have varying degrees of risk depending on the sector and the underlying assets. They will also be subject to general risks associated with business cycles, commodity prices, interest rates, and other economic factors. Typically, royalty trusts are more volatile than fixed-income securities and preferred shares. To the extent that claims against a royalty trust are not satisfied by the trust, investors in the trust (including the Fund if it is an investor in the Trust) could be held responsible for those claims. Royalty trusts may be subject to certain risks associated with a decline in demand for crude oil, natural gas and refined petroleum products, which, in turn, could adversely affect income and royalty trust revenues and cash flows. Factors that could lead to a decrease in market demand include a recession or other adverse economic conditions, an increase in the market price of the underlying commodity, higher taxes or other regulatory actions that increase costs, or a shift in consumer demand for such products. A rising interest rate environment could adversely impact the performance of royalty trusts. Rising interest rates could limit the capital appreciation of royalty trusts because of the increased availability of alternative investments at more competitive yields.

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Sampling Risk: The Fund’s use of a representative sampling approach, if used, could result in its holding a smaller number of securities than are in the Index. As a result, an adverse development with an issuer of securities held by the Fund could result in a greater decline in NAV than would be the case if the Fund held all of the securities in the Index. To the extent the assets in the Fund are smaller, these risks will be greater.

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Sector Risk: Securities in the sectors of the Index or in the Fund’s portfolio may underperform in comparison to the general securities markets or other sectors.

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Small and Medium Capitalization Company Risk: Investing in securities of small and medium capitalization companies involves greater risk than is customarily associated with investing in larger, more established companies. These companies’ securities may be more volatile and less liquid than those of more established companies. These companies may be more dependent on single products or key personnel, and may be newer than larger, more established companies with less information to evaluate.

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Sovereign Debt Securities Risk: Investments in sovereign debt obligations involve special risks not present in corporate debt obligations. The issuer of the sovereign debt or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default. During periods of economic uncertainty, the market prices of sovereign debt, and the Fund’s net asset value, may be more volatile than prices of U.S. debt obligations. In the past, certain non-U.S. markets have encountered difficulties in servicing their debt obligations, withheld payments of principal and interest and declared moratoria on the payment of principal and interest on their sovereign debts.