v3.26.1
Stock-Based Compensation
 6 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2026
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation Stock-Based Compensation
The compensation cost recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of income for our stock compensation arrangements is as follows:
 Three Months Ended 
 April 30,		Six Months Ended 
 April 30,
 2026202520262025
 (in thousands)
Cost of products$18,506 $23,050 $38,479 $43,527 
Cost of maintenance and service11,411 9,502 24,551 18,493 
Research and development expense110,694 109,717 233,909 212,413 
Sales and marketing expense51,150 36,700 111,717 71,650 
General and administrative expense30,542 22,754 72,371 42,103 
Stock-based compensation expense before taxes
222,303 201,723 481,027 388,186 
Income tax benefit(33,768)(32,659)(73,068)(62,847)
Stock-based compensation expense after taxes$188,535 $169,064 $407,959 $325,339 
During the three and six months ended April 30, 2026 and 2025, we recognized stock-based compensation expense relating to restricted stock units (RSUs) granted to senior executives with certain market, performance and service conditions (market-based RSUs). The grant date fair value of the market-based RSUs and the assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation model to determine the grant date fair value during the periods are as follows:
 Three Months Ended 
 April 30,		Six Months Ended 
 April 30,
 2026202520262025
Expected life (in years)1.672.67
1.67 - 2.87
2.67 - 2.79
Risk-free interest rate3.38 %3.90 %
3.38% - 3.48%
3.90% - 4.39%
Volatility55.12 %33.40 %
44.90% - 55.12%
33.40% - 34.72%
Weighted average grant date fair value per share
$322.60
$409.94
$454.13
$458.66
As of April 30, 2026, we had $1.1 billion of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense relating to options, RSUs and restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years. As of April 30, 2026, we had $146.4 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense relating to our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which is expected to be recognized over a period of approximately 2.0 years.
The intrinsic values of equity awards exercised during the periods are as follows:
 Three Months Ended 
 April 30,		Six Months Ended 
 April 30,
 2026202520262025
 (in thousands)
Intrinsic value of awards exercised$14,240 $34,479 $24,602 $54,837