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abvc:StockWarrantsLindNotesMember 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 0001173313 abvc:StockWarrantsLindNotesMember 2026-01-01 2026-03-31 0001173313 abvc:StockWarrantsLindNotesMember 2026-03-31 0001173313 us-gaap:InvestorMember us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember 2026-04-15 2026-04-15 0001173313 us-gaap:SubsequentEventMember 2026-04-15 shares iso4217:USD iso4217:USD shares pure iso4217:TWD 10-Q true 2026-03-31 2026 false 001-40700 ABVC BioPharma, Inc. NV 26-0014658 44370 Old Warm Springs Blvd Fremont CA 94538 (510) 668-0881 Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share ABVC NASDAQ Yes Yes Non-accelerated Filer true false false 26000442 140324 681480 645505 167324 763388 28998 62185 64354 250017 346616 648848 2501343 12822985 12835409 1826905 1913278 1845770 1878465 1789703 1124842 691900 691900 106417 116966 19732528 21062203 88737 755512 4154364 4161629 12600 12600 332252 317557 277 105704 5888 11964 559010 559010 240000 240000 5393128 6163976 1510943 1600747 6904071 7764723 0.001 0.001 20000000 20000000 0.001 0.001 100000000 100000000 25767664 25767664 25053193 25053193 25767 25053 422492 359000 97152918 96008258 -78418603 -76858361 499650 487602 8909691 8909691 10772533 11111861 2055924 2185619 12828457 13297480 19732528 21062203 751998 615371 33100 28861 787374 48773 1572472 693005 -1572472 -693005 3765 19071 49377 222967 12000 12000 -51156 -9912 -31416 -50877 -1281 1500 -117465 -251185 -1689937 -944190 -1689937 -944190 -129695 -102115 -1560242 -842075 12048 -1493 -1548194 -843568 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 25448516 25448516 14968232 14968232 -1689937 -944190 5783 7021 787374 48773 210040 -31416 -50877 -1168 86373 106927 11460 -96599 149 133778 -54113 -5029 -7265 40113 -5944 9077 -75109 -106927 -894243 -539833 32000 -759123 680000 47123 661650 29250 102000 411667 319492 -102023 46339 -342181 428756 2640 6830 -1186661 -104247 1326985 863815 140324 759568 4190 5231 5944 7670000 47579 563819 13868484 13868 31040 78595065 -68949807 445665 -730641 -8909691 -502181 723959 400000 400 47179 47579 1029167 1029 410638 411667 80654 81 48692 48773 4513795 3156205 7670000 -842075 -102115 -944190 -1493 -1493 15378305 15378 31040 83615369 -69791882 444172 -730641 -8909691 2551909 7956295 25053193 25053 359000 96008258 -76858361 487602 -730641 -8909691 2185619 13297480 102000 102 101898 102000 131280 131 255869 256000 63492 63492 481191 481 786893 787374 -1560242 -129695 -1689937 12048 12048 25767664 25767 422492 97152918 -78418603 499650 -730641 -8909691 2055924 12828457 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>1. ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">ABVC BioPharma, Inc. (the “Company”), formerly known as American BriVision (Holding) Corporation, a Nevada corporation, through the Company’s operating entity, American BriVision Corporation (“BriVision”), which was incorporated in July 2015 in the State of Delaware, engages in biotechnology to fulfill unmet medical needs and focuses on the development of new drugs and medical devices derived from plants. BriVision develops its pipeline by carefully tracking new medical discoveries or medical device technologies in research institutions in the Asia-Pacific region. Pre-clinical, disease animal model and Phase I safety studies are examined closely by the Company to identify drugs that BriVision believes demonstrate efficacy and safety. Once a drug appears to be a good candidate for development and ultimately commercialization, BriVision licenses the drug or medical device from the original researchers and begins to introduce the drugs clinical plan to highly respected principal investigators in the United States, Australia and Taiwan to conduct a Phase II clinical trial. At present, clinical trials for the Company’s drugs and medical devices are being conducted at such world-famous institutions including Stanford University, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) and Cedar Sinai Medical Centre (CSMC).</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company has three wholly-owned subsidiaries, BriVision, BioLite Holding Inc. (“BioLite Holding”), BioKey (Cayman), Inc (“BioKey Cayman”), and a majority-owned subsidiary, AiBtl BioPharma Inc. (“AiBtl”).</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">BioLite Holding was incorporated in the State of Nevada with wholly owned subsidiary BioLite BVI, Inc. (“BioLite BVI”) that was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. BioLite BVI holds 73% ownership of BioLite Inc. (“BioLite Taiwan”), a Taiwanese corporation that was founded in February 2006. BioLite Taiwan has been in the business of developing new drugs since it was incorporated.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Yun Zhi Yi Co. Ltd. (“Yun Zhi Yi”), a Taiwanese entity in which BioLite holds a 90% stake and Shuling Jiang, a director and beneficial owner of more than 10% of the ABVC’s outstanding common stock (“Shuling”, or “Ms. Jiang”), holds the remaining 10% stake. This entity is set up for holding the land that AiBtl is working to acquire in Puli, Taiwan for developing health related business in Taiwan.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">BioKey Cayman was incorporated in Cayman Islands in July 2023, which is 100% owned by ABVC. This subsidiary has no activities since inception. On May 10, 2025, ABVC transferred its 100% ownership in BioKey Inc. (“BioKey”) to BioKey Cayman. This reorganization did not have any other impact on the consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Incorporated in California on November 20, 2000, BioKey has chosen to initially focus on developing generic drugs to ride the opportunity of the booming industry.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">AiBtl was acquired by the Company with the transaction of the collaborative licensing agreements. On November 12, 2023, the Company and BioLite Taiwan each entered into a multi-year, global licensing agreement with AiBtl for the Company and BioLite Taiwan’s CNS drugs with the indications of MDD (Major Depressive Disorder) and ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) (collectively, the “Licensed Products”). The potential license will cover the Licensed Products’ clinical trial, registration, manufacturing, supply, and distribution rights. The parties are determined to collaborate on the global development of the Licensed Products. The parties are also working to strengthen new drug development and business collaboration, including technology, interoperability, and standards development. As per each of the respective agreements, each of ABVC and BioLite Taiwan received 23 million shares of AiBtl stock and as a result, the Company has a controlling interest over AiBtl. If certain milestones are met, the Company and BioLite Taiwan are each eligible to receive $3,500,000 and royalties equaling 5% of net sales, up to $100 million. The financial statements of AiBtl are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. As a result of these transactions, the Company became a controlling parent of AiBtl, with 58.85% of group ownership over AiBtl.</p> British Virgin Islands 0.73 0.90 0.10 0.10 1 1 23000000 3500000 0.05 100000000 0.5885 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>2. LIQUIDITY, GOING CONCERN, AND RESTATEMENT</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Liquidity and Going Concern</i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (the “U.S. GAAP”) which contemplates continuation of the Company on a going concern basis. The going concern basis assumes that assets are realized, and liabilities are settled in the ordinary course of business at amounts disclosed in the financial statements. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern depends upon its ability to market and sell its products to generate positive operating cash flows. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company reported net loss of $1,689,937. As of March 31, 2026, the Company’s working capital deficit was $4,744,280. In addition, the Company had net cash outflows of $894,243 from operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2026. These conditions give rise to substantial doubt as to whether the Company will be able to continue as a going concern.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To sustain its ability to support the Company’s operating activities, the Company may have to consider supplementing its available sources of funds through the following sources:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">cash generated from operations;</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">other available sources of financing from banks and other financial institutions in the U.S. and in Taiwan; and</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">financial support from the Company’s related parties and shareholders.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Management’s plan is to continue to improve operations to generate positive cash flows and raise additional capital through private or public offerings, or financial support from related parties or shareholders. If the Company is not able to generate positive operating cash flows, and raise additional capital, there is the risk that the Company may not be able to meet its short-term obligations. All of these factors raise substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2026, and for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 have been prepared on a going concern basis and do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classifications of assets or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result from the inability of the Company to continue as a going concern.</p> -1689937 4744280 -894243 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Basis of Presentation</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (the “U.S. GAAP”). All significant intercompany transactions and account balances have been eliminated. These financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required by the U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with the U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted consistent with Article 8 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements and include all adjustments, in a normal recurring nature, as necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2026, and results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2026 has been derived from the audited financial statements at December 31, 2025, and interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or for any future period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, and related notes included in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned, and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The Company’s unaudited financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Reclassifications</span>:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Certain amounts on the prior year’s condensed consolidated balance sheets, condensed consolidated statements of operations and condensed cash flows were reclassified to conform to the current-year presentation, with no effect on ending stockholders’ equity.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Use of Estimates</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The preparation of financial statements in conformity with the U.S. GAAP that requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those results.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Fair Value Measurements</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">ASC 820 “Fair Value Measurements” defines fair value for certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. It requires that an entity measures its financial instruments to base fair value on exit price, maximize the use of observable units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price. It establishes a hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy increases the consistency and comparability of fair value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in circumstances. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Level 1– Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations are based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Level 2– Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Level 3– Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, short-term investments, due from related parties, and other current assets, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and due to related parties, approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of the Company’s short-term bank loans and convertible notes payable approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Concentration of Credit Risk</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in excess of the limit of $95,400 (NTD 3.0 million) covered by Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the limit of $250,000 covered by the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s (“FDIC”) insurance limits. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had approximately <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-105">nil</span> and $265,521, respectively, in cash and cash equivalent balances that were in excess of the FDIC limits. However, the Company does not anticipate any losses on excess deposits. The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company performs ongoing credit evaluation of its customers and requires no collateral. Credit losses and allowance for unbilled receivables are provided based on a review of the collectability of accounts receivable. The Company determines the amount of allowance for doubtful accounts by examining its historical collection experience and current trends in the credit quality of its customers as well as its internal credit policies. Actual credit losses may differ from our estimates.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Concentration of Clients</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, management estimated all accounts receivable balances are uncollectible. Credit loss expenses were <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-106"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-107">nil</span></span> for both of the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company did not generate any revenue.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Cash and Cash Equivalents</span> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents when purchased. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents amounted to $140,324 and $681,480, respectively. Some of the Company’s cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation mandated on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Restricted Cash </span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Restricted cash primarily consists of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company’s restricted cash amounted $0 and $645,505 (NTD 20.3 million), respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Accounts receivable and allowance for expected credit losses accounts</span> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounts receivable are recorded and carried at the original invoiced amount less an allowance for any potential uncollectible amount.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company makes estimates of expected credit and collectability trends for the allowance for credit losses and allowance for unbilled receivables based upon the assessment of various factors, including historical experience, the age of the accounts receivable balances, credit quality of customers, current economic conditions reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and other factors that may affect our ability to collect from customers. The provision is recorded against accounts receivable balances, with a corresponding charge recorded in the consolidated statements of income. Actual amounts received may differ from management’s estimate of credit worthiness and the economic environment. Delinquent account balances are written-off against the allowance for doubtful accounts after management has determined that the likelihood of collection is not probable.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Allowance balance for expected credit losses accounts were $616,447 and $614,470 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Convertible Notes Receivable</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="margin: 0pt 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The Company’s convertible note receivable is carried at amortized cost, net of an allowance for credit losses. Because the underlying equity is not readily convertible to cash, the conversion option is not bifurcated under ASC 815. Interest income, including any premium or discount amortization, is recognized using the effective interest method. The Company evaluates expected credit losses based on historical experience and supportable forecasts.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Revenue Recognition</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Pursuant to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Collaborative Revenues — </b>The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research, development and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related to one or more of the following: non-refundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete reimbursement of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results in collaborative revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty revenues. To date, the Company has not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation by transferring control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&amp;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities of technical and regulatory success.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company’s deliverables requires the use of management’s judgment. Significant factors considered in management’s evaluation of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company’s experience in conducting clinical development, regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">(i) Non-refundable upfront payments</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">  </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If a license to the Company’s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related non-refundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license. To date, the receipt of non-refundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">(ii) Milestone payments</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company’s obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance of the Company’s obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments. This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of the milestone payments is non-refundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period in which the underlying triggering event occurs.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(iii) Multiple Element Arrangements</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1) the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2) whether the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered separate units of accounting provided that: (i) the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and (ii) if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration has standalone value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers whether its collaboration partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining element(s), whether the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors that can provide the undelivered element(s).</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company’s contractual or estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company’s research and development obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as applicable, as of the period ending date.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of whether: (1) the consideration is commensurate with either the Company’s performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve the milestone, (2) the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3) the consideration is reasonable relative to all of the deliverables and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial, and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and investment required to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in determining whether a milestone satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones that are not considered substantive are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining period of performance, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(iv) Royalties and Profit Sharing Payments</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products, which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Revenues Derived from Research and Development Activities Services (Also known as the Contract Development &amp; Manufacturing Organization Services (“CDMO”))</b> — Revenues related to research and development and regulatory activities are recognized when the related services or activities are performed, in accordance with the contract terms. The Company typically has only one performance obligation at the inception of a contract, which is to perform research and development services. The Company may also provide its customers with an option to request that the Company provides additional goods or services in the future, such as active pharmaceutical ingredient, API, or IND/NDA/ANDA/510K submissions. The Company evaluates whether these options are material rights at the inception of the contract. If the Company determines an option is a material right, the Company will consider the option a separate performance obligation.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If the Company is entitled to reimbursement from its customers for specified research and development expenses, the Company accounts for the related services that it provides as separate performance obligations if it determines that these services represent a material right. The Company also determines whether the reimbursement of research and development expenses should be accounted for as revenues or an offset to research and development expenses in accordance with provisions of gross or net revenue presentation. The Company recognizes the corresponding revenues or records the corresponding offset to research and development expenses as it satisfies the related performance obligations.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">  </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company then determines the transaction price by reviewing the amount of consideration the Company is eligible to earn under the contracts, including any variable consideration. Under the outstanding contracts, consideration typically includes fixed consideration and variable consideration in the form of potential milestone payments. At the start of an agreement, the Company’s transaction price usually consists of the payments made to or by the Company based on the number of full-time equivalent researchers assigned to the project and the related research and development expenses incurred. The Company does not typically include any payments that the Company may receive in the future in its initial transaction price because the payments are not probable. The Company would reassess the total transaction price at each reporting period to determine if the Company should include additional payments in the transaction price.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company receives payments from its customers based on billing schedules established in each contract. Upfront payments and fees may be recorded as advances from customers upon receipt or when due, and may require deferral of revenue recognition for a future period until the Company performs its obligations under these arrangements. Amounts are recorded as accounts receivable when the right of the Company to consideration is unconditional. The Company does not assess whether a contract has a significant financing component if the expectation at contract inception is such that the period between payment by the customers and the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customers will be one year or less.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Long-Term Equity Investment</span> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company acquires long-term investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The accounting treatments are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Marketable equity investments: The Company measures marketable equity securities at fair value at each reporting date, with unrealized gains and losses recognized in net income in accordance with ASC 321. Fair value is determined based on quoted market prices or other observable inputs.</span></td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Non-marketable equity investments: When the equity method does not apply, non-marketable equity investments are accounted for at cost, adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments and for impairments, if applicable.</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Equity method investments: Investments in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee, are accounted for using the equity method. The Company recognizes its proportionate share of the investee’s income or loss in gains (losses) on equity investments on a monthly basis.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Stock-based Compensation</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company measures expense associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance with ASC 718 “Compensation-Stock Compensation”. Total director, officer, and employee stock-based compensation expenses were $69,171 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with ASC 718 “Compensation-Stock Compensation” and ASC 505-50 “Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees” which requires that the cost of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses were $106,287 and $48,773 for rent for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, and $611,916 and <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-108">nil</span> for consulting services for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Loss Per Share of Common Stock</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company calculates net loss per share in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share”. Basic loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share is computed similar to basic loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Numerator:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Net loss attributable to ABVC’s common stockholders</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(1,560,242</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(842,075</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Denominator:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding – Basic &amp; Diluted</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">25,448,516</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">14,968,232</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Loss per share</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">-Basic &amp; Diluted</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(0.06</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(0.06</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">  </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Commitments and Contingencies</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company has adopted ASC 450 “Contingencies” subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that a material loss could be incurred.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Convertible Notes Payable</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company accounts for its convertible instruments in accordance with ASC 470-20, as amended by ASU 2020-06. Under this guidance, convertible notes are generally recognized as a single liability on the Balance Sheet. The Company does not separate a conversion feature from the host debt instrument unless the feature must be separately accounted for as a derivative under ASC 815. Debt issuance costs, if any, are deferred and amortized to interest expense over the term of the note. Interest expense is recognized based on the contractual rate and includes the amortization of debt discounts and issuance costs.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Foreign-currency Transactions</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the Company’s subsidiaries in Taiwan, the foreign-currency transactions are recorded in New Taiwan Dollars (“NTD”) at the rates of exchange in effect when the transactions occur. Gains or losses resulting from the application of different foreign exchange rates when cash in foreign currency is converted into NTD, or when foreign-currency receivables or payables are settled, are credited or charged to income in the year of conversion or settlement. On balance sheet dates, the balances of foreign-currency assets and liabilities are restated at the prevailing exchange rates and the resulting differences are charged to current income except for those foreign currencies denominated investments in shares of stock where such differences are accounted for as translation adjustments under the Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Segment Reporting</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">ASC 280 “Segment Reporting” requires public companies to report financial and descriptive information about their reportable operating segments.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company uses the management approach to determine operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Group’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) for making decisions, allocating resources and assessing performance. The Group’s CODM was identified as the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, who reviews consolidated results at a consolidated level when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Group. The Group believes it has only one operating segment and reportable segment, which is biotechnology to fulfill unmet medical needs and focuses on the development of new drugs and medical devices derived from plants.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company does not distinguish revenues, costs or expenses between markets in its internal reporting, and reports costs and expenses by nature as a whole. Hence, the Company has only one reportable segment. The following table shows revenues and long-lived assets by geographic areas.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">For The Three-Month<br/> Periods Ended<br/> March 31</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%">Revenue</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-95">      -</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-96">        -</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Revenue from entities in Taiwan</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-97">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-98">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Revenue from entities in the U.S.</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-99"> </div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-100"> </div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-101">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-102">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Property and equipment, net located in</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br/> 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December 31, <br/> 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">In Taiwan</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">8,091,300</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">8,098,429</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">In USA</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">4,731,685</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">4,736,980</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12,822,985</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12,835,409</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table provides a reconciliation of total segment gross profit to the Company’s loss before provision for income tax:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">For The Three-Month<br/> Periods Ended<br/> March 31</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Segment Gross Profit (Loss)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-103">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-104">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Less:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative expenses</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">751,998</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">615,371</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Research and development expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">33,100</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">28,861</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">787,374</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">48,773</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Add (Less):</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Interest income</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,765</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">19,071</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Interest expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(49,377</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(222,967</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Operating sublease income</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Gain (loss) on foreign exchange changes</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(51,156</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(9,912</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Loss on investment in equity securities</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(31,416</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(50,877</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other income, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(1,281</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,500</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Loss before provision for income tax</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(1,689,937</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(944,190</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 74 (SAB 74), the Company evaluates the impact of newly issued accounting standards on its financial statements. The following standards have been issued but are not yet effective:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). The ASU requires disclosure of specified information about certain costs and expenses. This includes purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization.  The ASU is effective on a prospective or retrospective basis for annual reporting period beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting period beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. This ASU will likely result in the required additional disclosures and the Company expects no material impact on consolidated financial statements of adopting.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Basis of Presentation</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (the “U.S. GAAP”). All significant intercompany transactions and account balances have been eliminated. These financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required by the U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with the U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted consistent with Article 8 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements and include all adjustments, in a normal recurring nature, as necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2026, and results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2026 has been derived from the audited financial statements at December 31, 2025, and interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or for any future period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, and related notes included in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned, and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The Company’s unaudited financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Reclassifications</span>:</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Certain amounts on the prior year’s condensed consolidated balance sheets, condensed consolidated statements of operations and condensed cash flows were reclassified to conform to the current-year presentation, with no effect on ending stockholders’ equity.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Use of Estimates</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The preparation of financial statements in conformity with the U.S. GAAP that requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those results.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Fair Value Measurements</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">ASC 820 “Fair Value Measurements” defines fair value for certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. It requires that an entity measures its financial instruments to base fair value on exit price, maximize the use of observable units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price. It establishes a hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy increases the consistency and comparability of fair value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in circumstances. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Level 1– Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations are based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.</span></td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Level 2– Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</span></td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Level 3– Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.</span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, short-term investments, due from related parties, and other current assets, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and due to related parties, approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of the Company’s short-term bank loans and convertible notes payable approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Concentration of Credit Risk</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in excess of the limit of $95,400 (NTD 3.0 million) covered by Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the limit of $250,000 covered by the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s (“FDIC”) insurance limits. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had approximately <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-105">nil</span> and $265,521, respectively, in cash and cash equivalent balances that were in excess of the FDIC limits. However, the Company does not anticipate any losses on excess deposits. The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company performs ongoing credit evaluation of its customers and requires no collateral. Credit losses and allowance for unbilled receivables are provided based on a review of the collectability of accounts receivable. The Company determines the amount of allowance for doubtful accounts by examining its historical collection experience and current trends in the credit quality of its customers as well as its internal credit policies. Actual credit losses may differ from our estimates.</p> 95400 3000000 250000 265521 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Concentration of Clients</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, management estimated all accounts receivable balances are uncollectible. Credit loss expenses were <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-106"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-107">nil</span></span> for both of the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company did not generate any revenue.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Cash and Cash Equivalents</span> </p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents when purchased. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents amounted to $140,324 and $681,480, respectively. Some of the Company’s cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation mandated on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.</p> 140324 681480 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Restricted Cash </span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Restricted cash primarily consists of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company’s restricted cash amounted $0 and $645,505 (NTD 20.3 million), respectively.</p> 0 645505 20300000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Accounts receivable and allowance for expected credit losses accounts</span> </p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounts receivable are recorded and carried at the original invoiced amount less an allowance for any potential uncollectible amount.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company makes estimates of expected credit and collectability trends for the allowance for credit losses and allowance for unbilled receivables based upon the assessment of various factors, including historical experience, the age of the accounts receivable balances, credit quality of customers, current economic conditions reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and other factors that may affect our ability to collect from customers. The provision is recorded against accounts receivable balances, with a corresponding charge recorded in the consolidated statements of income. Actual amounts received may differ from management’s estimate of credit worthiness and the economic environment. Delinquent account balances are written-off against the allowance for doubtful accounts after management has determined that the likelihood of collection is not probable.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Allowance balance for expected credit losses accounts were $616,447 and $614,470 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.</p> 616447 614470 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Convertible Notes Receivable</span></p><p style="margin: 0pt 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The Company’s convertible note receivable is carried at amortized cost, net of an allowance for credit losses. Because the underlying equity is not readily convertible to cash, the conversion option is not bifurcated under ASC 815. Interest income, including any premium or discount amortization, is recognized using the effective interest method. The Company evaluates expected credit losses based on historical experience and supportable forecasts.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Revenue Recognition</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Pursuant to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Collaborative Revenues — </b>The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research, development and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related to one or more of the following: non-refundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete reimbursement of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results in collaborative revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty revenues. To date, the Company has not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation by transferring control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&amp;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities of technical and regulatory success.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company’s deliverables requires the use of management’s judgment. Significant factors considered in management’s evaluation of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company’s experience in conducting clinical development, regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">(i) Non-refundable upfront payments</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If a license to the Company’s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related non-refundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license. To date, the receipt of non-refundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">(ii) Milestone payments</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company’s obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance of the Company’s obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments. This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of the milestone payments is non-refundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period in which the underlying triggering event occurs.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(iii) Multiple Element Arrangements</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1) the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2) whether the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered separate units of accounting provided that: (i) the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and (ii) if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration has standalone value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers whether its collaboration partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining element(s), whether the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors that can provide the undelivered element(s).</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company’s contractual or estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company’s research and development obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as applicable, as of the period ending date.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of whether: (1) the consideration is commensurate with either the Company’s performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve the milestone, (2) the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3) the consideration is reasonable relative to all of the deliverables and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial, and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and investment required to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in determining whether a milestone satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones that are not considered substantive are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining period of performance, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(iv) Royalties and Profit Sharing Payments</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products, which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Revenues Derived from Research and Development Activities Services (Also known as the Contract Development &amp; Manufacturing Organization Services (“CDMO”))</b> — Revenues related to research and development and regulatory activities are recognized when the related services or activities are performed, in accordance with the contract terms. The Company typically has only one performance obligation at the inception of a contract, which is to perform research and development services. The Company may also provide its customers with an option to request that the Company provides additional goods or services in the future, such as active pharmaceutical ingredient, API, or IND/NDA/ANDA/510K submissions. The Company evaluates whether these options are material rights at the inception of the contract. If the Company determines an option is a material right, the Company will consider the option a separate performance obligation.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If the Company is entitled to reimbursement from its customers for specified research and development expenses, the Company accounts for the related services that it provides as separate performance obligations if it determines that these services represent a material right. The Company also determines whether the reimbursement of research and development expenses should be accounted for as revenues or an offset to research and development expenses in accordance with provisions of gross or net revenue presentation. The Company recognizes the corresponding revenues or records the corresponding offset to research and development expenses as it satisfies the related performance obligations.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company then determines the transaction price by reviewing the amount of consideration the Company is eligible to earn under the contracts, including any variable consideration. Under the outstanding contracts, consideration typically includes fixed consideration and variable consideration in the form of potential milestone payments. At the start of an agreement, the Company’s transaction price usually consists of the payments made to or by the Company based on the number of full-time equivalent researchers assigned to the project and the related research and development expenses incurred. The Company does not typically include any payments that the Company may receive in the future in its initial transaction price because the payments are not probable. The Company would reassess the total transaction price at each reporting period to determine if the Company should include additional payments in the transaction price.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company receives payments from its customers based on billing schedules established in each contract. Upfront payments and fees may be recorded as advances from customers upon receipt or when due, and may require deferral of revenue recognition for a future period until the Company performs its obligations under these arrangements. Amounts are recorded as accounts receivable when the right of the Company to consideration is unconditional. The Company does not assess whether a contract has a significant financing component if the expectation at contract inception is such that the period between payment by the customers and the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customers will be one year or less.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Long-Term Equity Investment</span> </p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company acquires long-term investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The accounting treatments are as follows:</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Marketable equity investments: The Company measures marketable equity securities at fair value at each reporting date, with unrealized gains and losses recognized in net income in accordance with ASC 321. Fair value is determined based on quoted market prices or other observable inputs.</span></td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"> </td> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Non-marketable equity investments: When the equity method does not apply, non-marketable equity investments are accounted for at cost, adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments and for impairments, if applicable.</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">●</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Equity method investments: Investments in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee, are accounted for using the equity method. The Company recognizes its proportionate share of the investee’s income or loss in gains (losses) on equity investments on a monthly basis.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Stock-based Compensation</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company measures expense associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance with ASC 718 “Compensation-Stock Compensation”. Total director, officer, and employee stock-based compensation expenses were $69,171 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with ASC 718 “Compensation-Stock Compensation” and ASC 505-50 “Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees” which requires that the cost of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses were $106,287 and $48,773 for rent for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, and $611,916 and <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-108">nil</span> for consulting services for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.</p> 69171 0 106287 48773 611916 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Loss Per Share of Common Stock</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company calculates net loss per share in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share”. Basic loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share is computed similar to basic loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.</p><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Numerator:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Net loss attributable to ABVC’s common stockholders</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(1,560,242</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(842,075</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Denominator:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding – Basic &amp; Diluted</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">25,448,516</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">14,968,232</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Loss per share</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">-Basic &amp; Diluted</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(0.06</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(0.06</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.<table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Numerator:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Net loss attributable to ABVC’s common stockholders</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(1,560,242</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(842,075</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Denominator:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding – Basic &amp; Diluted</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">25,448,516</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">14,968,232</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Loss per share</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">-Basic &amp; Diluted</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(0.06</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(0.06</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> -1560242 -842075 25448516 25448516 14968232 14968232 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 -0.06 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Commitments and Contingencies</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company has adopted ASC 450 “Contingencies” subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that a material loss could be incurred.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Convertible Notes Payable</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company accounts for its convertible instruments in accordance with ASC 470-20, as amended by ASU 2020-06. Under this guidance, convertible notes are generally recognized as a single liability on the Balance Sheet. The Company does not separate a conversion feature from the host debt instrument unless the feature must be separately accounted for as a derivative under ASC 815. Debt issuance costs, if any, are deferred and amortized to interest expense over the term of the note. Interest expense is recognized based on the contractual rate and includes the amortization of debt discounts and issuance costs.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Foreign-currency Transactions</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the Company’s subsidiaries in Taiwan, the foreign-currency transactions are recorded in New Taiwan Dollars (“NTD”) at the rates of exchange in effect when the transactions occur. Gains or losses resulting from the application of different foreign exchange rates when cash in foreign currency is converted into NTD, or when foreign-currency receivables or payables are settled, are credited or charged to income in the year of conversion or settlement. On balance sheet dates, the balances of foreign-currency assets and liabilities are restated at the prevailing exchange rates and the resulting differences are charged to current income except for those foreign currencies denominated investments in shares of stock where such differences are accounted for as translation adjustments under the Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Segment Reporting</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">ASC 280 “Segment Reporting” requires public companies to report financial and descriptive information about their reportable operating segments.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company uses the management approach to determine operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Group’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) for making decisions, allocating resources and assessing performance. The Group’s CODM was identified as the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, who reviews consolidated results at a consolidated level when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Group. The Group believes it has only one operating segment and reportable segment, which is biotechnology to fulfill unmet medical needs and focuses on the development of new drugs and medical devices derived from plants.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company does not distinguish revenues, costs or expenses between markets in its internal reporting, and reports costs and expenses by nature as a whole. Hence, the Company has only one reportable segment. The following table shows revenues and long-lived assets by geographic areas.</p><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">For The Three-Month<br/> Periods Ended<br/> March 31</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%">Revenue</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-95">      -</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-96">        -</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Revenue from entities in Taiwan</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-97">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-98">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Revenue from entities in the U.S.</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-99"> </div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-100"> </div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-101">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-102">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Property and equipment, net located in</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br/> 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December 31, <br/> 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">In Taiwan</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">8,091,300</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">8,098,429</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">In USA</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">4,731,685</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">4,736,980</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12,822,985</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12,835,409</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table provides a reconciliation of total segment gross profit to the Company’s loss before provision for income tax:</p><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">For The Three-Month<br/> Periods Ended<br/> March 31</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Segment Gross Profit (Loss)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-103">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-104">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Less:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative expenses</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">751,998</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">615,371</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Research and development expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">33,100</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">28,861</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">787,374</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">48,773</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Add (Less):</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Interest income</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,765</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">19,071</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Interest expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(49,377</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(222,967</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Operating sublease income</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Gain (loss) on foreign exchange changes</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(51,156</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(9,912</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Loss on investment in equity securities</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(31,416</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(50,877</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other income, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(1,281</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,500</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Loss before provision for income tax</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(1,689,937</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(944,190</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> The following table shows revenues and long-lived assets by geographic areas.<table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">For The Three-Month<br/> Periods Ended<br/> March 31</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%">Revenue</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-95">      -</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-96">        -</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Revenue from entities in Taiwan</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-97">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-98">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Revenue from entities in the U.S.</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-99"> </div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-100"> </div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-101">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-102">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Property and equipment, net located in</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br/> 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December 31, <br/> 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">In Taiwan</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">8,091,300</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">8,098,429</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">In USA</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">4,731,685</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">4,736,980</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12,822,985</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12,835,409</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 8091300 8098429 4731685 4736980 12822985 12835409 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table provides a reconciliation of total segment gross profit to the Company’s loss before provision for income tax:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">For The Three-Month<br/> Periods Ended<br/> March 31</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Segment Gross Profit (Loss)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-103">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-104">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Less:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative expenses</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">751,998</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">615,371</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Research and development expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">33,100</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">28,861</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">787,374</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">48,773</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Add (Less):</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Interest income</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">3,765</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">19,071</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Interest expense</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(49,377</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(222,967</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Operating sublease income</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">12,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Gain (loss) on foreign exchange changes</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(51,156</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(9,912</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Loss on investment in equity securities</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(31,416</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(50,877</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other income, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(1,281</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,500</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Loss before provision for income tax</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(1,689,937</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(944,190</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> 751998 615371 33100 28861 787374 48773 3765 19071 49377 222967 12000 12000 -51156 -9912 -31416 -50877 -1281 1500 -1689937 -944190 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</span></p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 74 (SAB 74), the Company evaluates the impact of newly issued accounting standards on its financial statements. The following standards have been issued but are not yet effective:</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). The ASU requires disclosure of specified information about certain costs and expenses. This includes purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization.  The ASU is effective on a prospective or retrospective basis for annual reporting period beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting period beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. This ASU will likely result in the required additional disclosures and the Company expects no material impact on consolidated financial statements of adopting.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>4. COLLABORATIVE AGREEMENTS</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><span style="text-decoration:underline">Collaborative agreement with ForSeeCon Eye Corporation, a related party</span></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On March 25, 2024, the Company and BioFirst each entered into a twenty-year, global definitive licensing agreement (the “FEYE Licensing Agreement”) with ForSeeCon Eye Corporation, a company registered in the British Virgin Islands (“FEYE”) for the products in the Company and BioFirst’s Ophthalmology pipeline, including Vitargus (the “Vitargus Products”). The license covers Vitargus Products’ clinical trial, registration, manufacturing, supply, and distribution rights; FEYE also has the rights to sublicense or partner with a third party to develop the Licensed Products. As per each of the respective FEYE Licensing Agreements, each of the Company and BioFirst shall receive a total licensing fee of $33.5 million, composed of an upfront payment of $30 million, which can instead be paid with 5 million shares of FEYE stock at $6 per share within 30 days after the execution of the FEYE Licensing Agreement, and a $3.5 million cash milestone payment, due 30 days upon completion of next round fundraising. Additionally, each of the Company and BioFirst are eligible to receive royalties of 5% of net sales. As of March 31, 2025, the Company received 5 million FEYE shares but did not recognize such licensing revenue since the fair value of FEYE stock is uncertain.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On June 18, 2024, the Company and BioFirst, each entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the Licensing Agreement with FEYE, pursuant to which the Company and BioFirst have agreed to allow FEYE to pay the second milestone payment in the amount of $3.5 million per Licensing Agreement, incrementally (such as $100,000), at any given time, rather than in one lump sum. There was <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-109"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-110">no</span></span> cash receipt in the three months periods ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><span style="text-decoration:underline">Collaborative agreement with OncoX BiopPharma, Inc., a related party</span></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On April 16, 2024, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with OncoX BioPharma, Inc., a private company registered in the British Virgin Islands (“Oncox”), pursuant to which the Company will grant Oncox an exclusive right to develop and commercialize ABVC’s single-herb botanical drug extract from the dry fruit body of Maitake Mushroom (Grifola Frondosa) for treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (the “Lung Cancer Products”), within North America for 20 years (the “April 2024 Oncox Agreement”). In consideration thereof, Oncox shall pay ABVC $6.25 million (or 1.25 million Oncox shares valued at $5 per share) 30 days after entering into the agreement and $625,000, 30 days following the completion of Oncox’s next round of fundraising, of which there is no guarantee; ABVC is also entitled to 5% royalties based on the net sales, as defined in the April 2024 Oncox Agreement, from the first commercial sale of the Lung Cancer Product in North America, of which there can be no guarantee. Oncox entered into another agreement with ABVC’s affiliate, Rgene Corporation, on the same terms. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company received in cash and recognized revenue of $200,000 pursuant to the agreement. At the time of transferring the license, Rgene Corporation also received 1.25 million OncoX shares but did not recognize such licensing revenue since the fair value of Oncox stock is uncertain. There was <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-111"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-112">no</span></span> cash receipt in the three months periods ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 8, 2024, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with OncoX, pursuant to which the Company will grant Oncox an exclusive right to develop and commercialize ABVC’s BLEX 404 single-herb botanical drug extract from the dry fruit body of Maitake Mushroom (Grifola Frondosa) for treatment of Pancreatic (the Pancreatic Product), within a certain territory, specified as 50% of the Worldwide Markets for 20 years (the “May 8, 2024 Oncox Agreement”). In consideration thereof, Oncox shall pay ABVC a total of $6.25 million (or 1.25 million Oncox shares valued at $5 per share) within 30 days of entering into the May 8, 2024 Oncox Agreement, with an additional milestone payment of $625,000 in cash after OncoX’s next round of fundraising, of which there can be no guarantee. Oncox may remit cash payments of at least $100,000 towards the licensing fees and deductible from the second milestone payment; ABVC is also entitled to royalties of 5% of net sales, as defined in the May 8, 2024 Oncox Agreement, from the first commercial sale of the Pancreatic Product in the noted territory, which remains uncertain. The Company will permit Oncox to pay the license fee in installments or in a lump sum and will allow Oncox to use its revenue to fund such payments. Oncox entered into another agreement with ABVC’s affiliate, Rgene Corporation, on the same terms. At the time of transferring the license, Rgene Corporation also received 1.25 million OncoX shares but did not recognize such licensing revenue since the fair value of Oncox stock is uncertain. There was <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-113"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-114">no</span></span> cash receipt in the three months periods ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 14, 2024, the Company and its subsidiary, BioLite Inc (collectively, the “licensor”), each entered into a licensing agreement with OncoX, on the same terms, pursuant to which the licensors will grant Oncox an exclusive right to develop and commercialize ABVC’s BLEX 404 single-herb botanical drug extract from the dry fruit body of Maitake Mushroom (Grifola Frondosa) for treatment of Tripple Negative Breast Cancer (the TNBC Product), within a certain territory, specified as 50% of the Worldwide Markets for 20 years (the “May 14, 2024 Oncox Agreements”). In each agreement for consideration thereof, Oncox shall pay each licensor a total of $6.25 million (or 1.25 million Oncox shares valued at $5 per share) within 30 days of entering into the May 14, 2024 Oncox Agreements, with an additional milestone payment of $625,000 in cash after OncoX’s next round of fundraising, of which there can be no guarantee. Oncox may remit cash payments of at least $100,000 towards the licensing fees and deductible from the second milestone payment; each licensor is also entitled to royalties of 5% of net sales, from the first commercial sale of the TNBC Product in the noted territory, which remains uncertain. The Company will permit Oncox to pay the license fee in installments or in a lump sum and will allow Oncox to use its revenue to fund such payments. At the time of transferring the license, the Company and BioLite also each received 1.25 million OncoX shares but did not recognize such licensing revenue since the fair value of Oncox stock is uncertain. There was <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-115"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-116">no</span></span> cash receipt in the three months periods ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 23, 2024, the Company and its subsidiary, BioLite Inc (collectively, the “licensor”), each entered into a licensing agreement with OncoX, on the same terms, pursuant to which the licensors will grant Oncox an exclusive right to develop and commercialize ABVC’s BLEX 404 single-herb botanical drug extract from the dry fruit body of Maitake Mushroom (Grifola Frondosa) for treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndrome (the “MS Products”), within a certain territory, specified as 50% of the Worldwide Markets for 20 years (the “May 23, 2024 Oncox Agreements”). In consideration thereof, Oncox shall pay each licensor a total of $6.25 million (or 1.25 million Oncox shares valued at $5 per share) 30 days after entering the May 23, 2024 Oncox Agreements, with an additional milestone payment of $625,000 in cash after OncoX’s next round of fundraising, of which there can be no guarantee. Oncox may remit cash payments of at least $100,000 towards the licensing fees and deductible from the second milestone payment; each licensor is also entitled to royalties of 5% of net sales, from the first commercial sale of the MS Product in the noted territory, which remains uncertain. Oncox may use its revenue to fund the licensing fees. At the time of transferring the license, the Company and BioLite also each received 1.25 million OncoX shares but did not recognize such licensing revenue since the fair value of Oncox stock is uncertain. There was <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-117"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-118">no</span></span> cash receipt in the three months periods ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Above mentioned price of OncoX’s shares was determined through private negotiations between the parties; no third-party valuation was completed.</p> 33500000 30000000 5000000 6 3500000 0.05 5000000 3500000 100000 6250000 1250000 5 625000 0.05 200000 1250000 0.50 6250000 1250000 5 625000 100000 0.05 1250000 0.50 6250000 1250000 5 625000 100000 0.05 1250000 0.50 6250000 1250000 5 625000 100000 0.05 1250000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, AND PREPAMENT FOR ASSET ACQUISITION</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Property and Equipment</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company has land, offices and labs located in Taiwan, and a GMP manufacturing facility in Fremont, CA. Property and equipment as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 are summarized as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br/> 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December 31,<br/> 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%">Land</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12,680,110</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12,685,667</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Buildings and leasehold improvements</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,222,221</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,224,082</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Machinery and equipment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,133,897</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,135,602</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Office equipment</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">167,576</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">170,155</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16,203,804</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16,215,506</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: accumulated depreciation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(3,380,819</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(3,380,097</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Property and equipment, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12,822,985</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12,835,409</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Depreciation expenses were $5,783 and $7,021 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the land with book value amounted to approximately $5,004,317 and $4,221,388 , respectively, were pledged for obtaining bank loan (see Notes 9 Bank loans).</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Acquisition of land in Puli Township, Taiwan</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In March 2024, AiBtl issued 1,534,000 AiBtl’s common stocks to acquire farmland in Taiwan, which land will be used for developing health related businesses. However, upon the closing of the transaction, both parties are aware of such Taiwan’s legal restrictions prohibiting foreign entities directly owning farmland. In August 2024, the Company incorporated a controlling subsidiary, Yunzhiyi, to hold the title of the land upon government’s approval. On March 31, 2025, AiBtl and the landowners executed the Nominee Holding Agreement, Land Lease Agreement, and Consulting Agreement, under the witness of and confirmed by a legal counsel in Taiwan, in which the landowners unconditionally grant the full legal rights to the land to AiBtl before the completion of the title transfer. Based on the execution of the agreement, AiBtl recognized $7,670,000 ($5 per share of AiBtl’s common stock) of land on its balance sheet.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To further secure the ownership of land, the board of AiBtl authorized Ms. Jiang in June 2025 to temporarily hold the land title until the administrative procedures are finalized. The title was transferred to Ms. Jiang later that month, and AiBtl recorded $5,794 in acquisition costs associated with the transaction. As of the reporting date, government review of the transfer of land title to Yun Zhi Yi is pending completion.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Acquisition of land in Taoyuan City, Taiwan</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On July 15, 2025, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with Shuling, pursuant to which Shuling shall transfer the ownership of certain land she owns, located at Taoyuan City, Taiwan (the “Land”) to the Company (the “Agreement”). Shuling is a director of the Company, and owns over 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock. In consideration for the Land, the Company was to pay Shuling (i) 2,035,136 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Shares”) at a price of $1.65 per share as approved in the June 3, 2025 annual shareholder meeting and (ii) five-year warrants to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, with an exercise price of $2.50 per share. Under the Agreement, Shuling was to also transfer outstanding liability owed on the Land (approximately $500,000) to the Company. The transaction is closed on the same day, and the common stock warrants and restricted shares are issued on July 15, 2025 and July 16, 2025, respectively. The Company recognized $3,857,975 as the fair value of the issued common stocks and $798,486 for the fair value of the stock warrants based on the Black-Scholes valuation model, as the cost of the land, in total of $4,656,461, and $500,000 liability (included in Due to Related Parties – See Note 10) on its balance sheet.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In connection with the Land transaction, on July 15, 2025, the Company entered into a one-year consulting agreement with Shuling, pursuant to which Shuling shall provide advisory and development support services related to the Land. Such services include but not limited to site supervision and care, liaison with local authorities regarding land zoning and permits, acting as the Company’s agent to the Land, and other Land development related matters. The Company shall issue 1,000,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to a 5-year vesting schedule of 200,000 shares per year. On July 16, 2025, the Company issued 200,000 shares at $1.65 per share to Shuling as prepayment for the first-year service. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company recognized $82,500 consulting expense, with $96,250 remaining prepaid expense balance as of March 31, 2026.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Due to the administrative requirements governing title transfers in Taiwan, on February 24, 2026, to further secure the Company’s ownership interest in the Land, the Company and Shuling Jiang entered into a Nominee Holding and Transitional Arrangement Agreement. Pursuant to the agreement, the Land remains registered under the Landholder pending completion of the applicable regulatory review, and the Landholder is prohibited from selling, transferring, pledging, or otherwise disposing of the Property without the Company’s prior written consent. The final holding structure will be determined in accordance with Taiwan’s legal and regulatory requirements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Prepayment for asset acquisition</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The prepayment for asset acquisition represents the value of 370,000 shares issued at the price of $1.87 to Zhong Hui Lian He Ji Tuan, Ltd. (the “Zhonghui”), in exchange for 20% ownership of a property being developed in Chengdu, China. The property is in construction now and expected to be ready for use before the end of 2026.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company has land, offices and labs located in Taiwan, and a GMP manufacturing facility in Fremont, CA. Property and equipment as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 are summarized as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br/> 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December 31,<br/> 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%">Land</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12,680,110</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">12,685,667</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Buildings and leasehold improvements</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,222,221</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,224,082</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Machinery and equipment</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,133,897</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,135,602</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Office equipment</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">167,576</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">170,155</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16,203,804</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">16,215,506</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: accumulated depreciation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(3,380,819</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(3,380,097</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Property and equipment, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12,822,985</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">12,835,409</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 12680110 12685667 2222221 2224082 1133897 1135602 167576 170155 16203804 16215506 3380819 3380097 12822985 12835409 5783 7021 5004317 4221388 1534000 7670000 5 5794 0.10 2035136 1.65 1000000 2.5 500000 3857975 798486 4656461 500000 1000000 P5Y 200000 200000 1.65 82500 96250 370000 1.87 0.20 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-indent: -23.75pt"><b>6. LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-indent: -23.75pt"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">The ownership percentages of each investee are listed as follows:</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Ownership percentage</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Accounting</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Name of investees</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">treatments</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 57%; text-align: left">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.17</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.17</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 18%; text-align: left">Cost Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Genepharm Biotech Corporation*</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0.39</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0.67</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Cost Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">BioHopeKing Corporation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5.90</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5.90</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Cost Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">ForSeeCon Eye Corporation (see Note 10)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">19.78</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">19.78</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Cost Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">BioFirst Corporation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18.68</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18.68</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Equity Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">OncoX BioPharma, Inc. (see Note 10)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">24.97</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">24.97</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Equity Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Rgene Corporation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">37.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">37.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Equity Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">BioLite Japan K.K.</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">49.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">49.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Equity Method</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">*</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">This company was acquired by Canal Biotech Corporation Inc., and upon completion of the acquisition, the Company’s ownership percentage is determined to be 0.39% The Company’s stock is in the process of replacement with the stock of the acquired company and the ownership percentage is subject to change.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">The extent the investee relies on the company for its business is summarized as follows:</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 35%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Name of investees</b></span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; width: 64%; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>The extent the investee relies on the Company for its business  </b></span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">No specific business relationship</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Genepharm Biotech Corporation</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">No specific business relationship</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioHopeKing Corporation</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioLite Japan K.K.</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">The Company’s joint venture noncontrolling subsidiary perform research and development activities and explore business opportunities in Japan </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">ForSeeCon Eye Corporation</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize ophthalmic medical devices (referring to Note 4, Collaborative Agreements)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst Corporation</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Loans provided to the investee and provides research and development support service</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">OncoX BioPharma, Inc. </span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize single-herb botanical drug for treatment of certain diseases (referring to Note 4, Collaborative Agreements)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Rgene Corporation</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs</span></td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Long-term investment mainly consists of the following:</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br/> 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December 31,<br/> 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">6,904</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7,014</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Genepharm Biotech Corporation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">21,079</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">21,727</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">ForSeeCon Eye Corporation^(d)</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-119">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-120">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">BioHopeKing Corporation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-121">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-122">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0.25in">Subtotal</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">27,983</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">28,741</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Equity Method Investments, net</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst Corporation^(a)</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,267,191</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,298,038</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Rgene Corporation^(b)</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">550,596</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">551,686</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioLite Japan K.K. (BioLite JP)^(c)</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-123">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-124">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">OncoX BioPharma, Inc.^(e)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-125">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-126">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,845,770</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,878,465</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(a)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst Corporation (the “BioFirst”):</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">The Company holds an equity interest in BioFirst Corporation, accounting for its equity interest using the equity method to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (“ASC 323”). Equity method adjustments include the Company’s proportionate share of investee’s income or loss and other adjustments required by the equity method. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company owns 18.68% and 18.68% common stock shares of BioFirst, respectively. The Company made a prepayment for equity investment in BioFirst to purchase additional shares to be issued by BioFirst in the aggregate amount of $2,688,578, recorded as prepayment for long-term investments as of December 31, 2022. On July 19, 2023, the Company successfully completed the registration process for this investment. The initial prepayment was $1,895,556, which is a portion of the prepayment as of December 31, 2022, and was converted into 994,450 shares of BioFirst stock. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the amount of prepayment for long-term investments in Biofirst are both $1,124,842.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(b)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Rgene Corporation (the “Rgene”)</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">As described in Note 4, the Company acquired 26.65% of Rgene’s outstanding common shares since 2018 through multiple collaborative agreements, and has been accounting this equity investment with equity method as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (“ASC 323”). Equity method adjustments include the Company’s proportionate share of investee’s income or loss and other adjustments required by the equity method. Further, as disclosed in Note 10 Related Party Transactions, the Company entered a convertible loan agreement with Rgene in 2022 and has been working with Rgene to obtain approval for the Company to exercise the conversion from Department of Investment Review in Taiwan, a government agency reviews foreign investors conducting investment in Taiwan. In May 2024, the conversion request for the conversion was approved but the Company was not informed by Rgene until April 2025. The Company determined that the impact to the financial statements is immaterial and assumed the conversion was incurred on January 1, 2025. After the conversion, the Company owns 37% of outstanding shares of Rgene.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(4)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Disposition of long-term investment</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">During the three-month periods ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there is <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-127"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-128">no</span></span> disposition of long-term investment.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(5)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Loss on investment in equity securities</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The components of loss on investment in equity securities for each period were as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Share of equity method investee losses</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(31,416</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(50,877</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(c)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">ForSeeCon Eye Corporation (FEYE)</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">FEYE is a private company registered in the British Virgin Islands, focusing on the field of diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders, with its main product of Vitargus. The Company granted FEYE certain licensed products in exchange for FEYE ownership. See Note 4 for the details of such transactions. In February 2026, The Company made a prepayment for equity investment in FEYE to purchase additional 136,000 shares to be issued by FEYE in the aggregate amount of $680,000, recorded as prepayment for long-term investments as of March 31, 2026.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(d)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">OncoX BioPharma, Inc. (OncoX)</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">OncoX is a private company registered in the British Virgin Islands, focusing on oncology trials and drug development across Asia-Pacific. The Company granted OncoX certain licensed products in exchange for OncoX’s ownership. See Note 4 for the details of such transactions.</p> <span style="font-size: 10pt">The ownership percentages of each investee are listed as follows:</span><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Ownership percentage</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Accounting</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Name of investees</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">treatments</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 57%; text-align: left">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.17</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.17</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 18%; text-align: left">Cost Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Genepharm Biotech Corporation*</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0.39</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0.67</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Cost Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">BioHopeKing Corporation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5.90</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5.90</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Cost Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">ForSeeCon Eye Corporation (see Note 10)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">19.78</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">19.78</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Cost Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">BioFirst Corporation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18.68</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">18.68</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Equity Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">OncoX BioPharma, Inc. (see Note 10)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">24.97</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">24.97</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Equity Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Rgene Corporation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">37.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">37.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Equity Method</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">BioLite Japan K.K.</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">49.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">49.00</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">Equity Method</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b> </b></p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">*</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">This company was acquired by Canal Biotech Corporation Inc., and upon completion of the acquisition, the Company’s ownership percentage is determined to be 0.39% The Company’s stock is in the process of replacement with the stock of the acquired company and the ownership percentage is subject to change.</span></td></tr> </table> 0.0017 0.0017 Cost Method 0.0039 0.0067 Cost Method 0.059 0.059 Cost Method 0.1978 0.1978 Cost Method 0.1868 0.1868 Equity Method 0.2497 0.2497 Equity Method 0.37 0.37 Equity Method 0.49 0.49 Equity Method 0.0039 <span style="font-size: 10pt">The extent the investee relies on the company for its business is summarized as follows:</span><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 35%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Name of investees</b></span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; width: 64%; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>The extent the investee relies on the Company for its business  </b></span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">No specific business relationship</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Genepharm Biotech Corporation</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">No specific business relationship</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioHopeKing Corporation</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioLite Japan K.K.</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">The Company’s joint venture noncontrolling subsidiary perform research and development activities and explore business opportunities in Japan </span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">ForSeeCon Eye Corporation</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize ophthalmic medical devices (referring to Note 4, Collaborative Agreements)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst Corporation</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Loans provided to the investee and provides research and development support service</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">OncoX BioPharma, Inc. </span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize single-herb botanical drug for treatment of certain diseases (referring to Note 4, Collaborative Agreements)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Rgene Corporation</span></td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs</span></td></tr> </table> No specific business relationship No specific business relationship Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs The Company’s joint venture noncontrolling subsidiary perform research and development activities and explore business opportunities in Japan Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize ophthalmic medical devices (referring to Note 4, Collaborative Agreements) Loans provided to the investee and provides research and development support service Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize single-herb botanical drug for treatment of certain diseases (referring to Note 4, Collaborative Agreements) Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs <span style="font-size: 10pt">Long-term investment mainly consists of the following:</span><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br/> 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December 31,<br/> 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">6,904</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7,014</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Genepharm Biotech Corporation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">21,079</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">21,727</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">ForSeeCon Eye Corporation^(d)</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-119">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-120">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">BioHopeKing Corporation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-121">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-122">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0.25in">Subtotal</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">27,983</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">28,741</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Equity Method Investments, net</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst Corporation^(a)</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,267,191</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,298,038</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Rgene Corporation^(b)</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">550,596</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">551,686</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioLite Japan K.K. (BioLite JP)^(c)</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-123">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-124">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">OncoX BioPharma, Inc.^(e)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-125">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-126">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,845,770</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,878,465</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(a)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst Corporation (the “BioFirst”):</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">The Company holds an equity interest in BioFirst Corporation, accounting for its equity interest using the equity method to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (“ASC 323”). Equity method adjustments include the Company’s proportionate share of investee’s income or loss and other adjustments required by the equity method. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company owns 18.68% and 18.68% common stock shares of BioFirst, respectively. The Company made a prepayment for equity investment in BioFirst to purchase additional shares to be issued by BioFirst in the aggregate amount of $2,688,578, recorded as prepayment for long-term investments as of December 31, 2022. On July 19, 2023, the Company successfully completed the registration process for this investment. The initial prepayment was $1,895,556, which is a portion of the prepayment as of December 31, 2022, and was converted into 994,450 shares of BioFirst stock. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the amount of prepayment for long-term investments in Biofirst are both $1,124,842.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(b)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Rgene Corporation (the “Rgene”)</span></td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">As described in Note 4, the Company acquired 26.65% of Rgene’s outstanding common shares since 2018 through multiple collaborative agreements, and has been accounting this equity investment with equity method as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (“ASC 323”). Equity method adjustments include the Company’s proportionate share of investee’s income or loss and other adjustments required by the equity method. Further, as disclosed in Note 10 Related Party Transactions, the Company entered a convertible loan agreement with Rgene in 2022 and has been working with Rgene to obtain approval for the Company to exercise the conversion from Department of Investment Review in Taiwan, a government agency reviews foreign investors conducting investment in Taiwan. In May 2024, the conversion request for the conversion was approved but the Company was not informed by Rgene until April 2025. The Company determined that the impact to the financial statements is immaterial and assumed the conversion was incurred on January 1, 2025. After the conversion, the Company owns 37% of outstanding shares of Rgene.</p><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(c)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">ForSeeCon Eye Corporation (FEYE)</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">FEYE is a private company registered in the British Virgin Islands, focusing on the field of diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders, with its main product of Vitargus. The Company granted FEYE certain licensed products in exchange for FEYE ownership. See Note 4 for the details of such transactions. In February 2026, The Company made a prepayment for equity investment in FEYE to purchase additional 136,000 shares to be issued by FEYE in the aggregate amount of $680,000, recorded as prepayment for long-term investments as of March 31, 2026.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(d)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">OncoX BioPharma, Inc. (OncoX)</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">OncoX is a private company registered in the British Virgin Islands, focusing on oncology trials and drug development across Asia-Pacific. The Company granted OncoX certain licensed products in exchange for OncoX’s ownership. See Note 4 for the details of such transactions.</p> 6904 7014 21079 21727 27983 28741 1267191 1298038 550596 551686 1845770 1878465 0.1868 0.1868 2688578 1895556 994450 1124842 1124842 0.2665 0.37 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The components of loss on investment in equity securities for each period were as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Share of equity method investee losses</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(31,416</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(50,877</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> -31416 -50877 136000 680000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>7. CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Lind Notes Payable</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On November 17, 2023, the Company entered another securities purchase agreement with Lind, pursuant to which the Company issued Lind a secured, convertible note (the “2^nd Lind Note”) in the principal amount of $1,200,000, for a purchase price of $1,000,000, that is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price, which shall be the lesser of (i) $3.50 and (ii) 90% of the average of the three lowest VWAPs during the 20 trading days prior to conversion. The 2^nd Lind Note shall be due and payable on May 19, 2025 and bears no interest. The Company may prepay all, but not less than all, outstanding principal amount prior to maturity, and Lind shall have the right to convert up to one third of the principal amount when the Company prepays. Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default (as defined in the 2^nd Lind Note), the Company must pay Lind an amount equal to 120% of the then outstanding principal amount of the Lind Note, in addition to any other remedies under the Note or the other transaction documents. Lind also received a 5-year common stock purchase warrant to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial exercise price of $2 per share for a period of 5 years. The warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes model. The fair value of the warrants was determined to be $480,795, which was recorded to debt discount. An amendment was filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024 to disclose that due to Nasdaq requirements, the parties entered into an amendment to the Note, pursuant to which the conversion price shall have a floor price of $1.00. Additionally, the amendment requires the Company to make a cash payment to Lind if in connection with a conversion, the conversion price is deemed to be the floor price. During the year ended December 31, 2024, Lind converted $800,000 of 2^nd Lind Note principal amounts into the Company’s common stocks. Refer to the common stock issuance details in Note 12, Equity. As of April 1, 2025, Lind has converted the remaining $400,000 principal balance into the Company’s common stocks.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January 17, 2024, the Company entered another securities purchase agreement with Lind, pursuant to which the Company issued Lind a secured, convertible note (the “3^rd Lind Note”) in the principal amount of $1,000,000, for a purchase price of $833,333, that is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price, which shall be the lesser of (i) $3.50 and (ii) 90% of the average of the three lowest VWAPs during the 20 trading days prior to conversion. The 3^rd Lind Note shall be due and payable on July 17, 2025 and bears no interest. The Company may prepay all, but not less than all, outstanding principal amount prior to maturity, and Lind shall have the right to convert up to one third of the principal amount when the Company prepays. Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default (as defined in the 3^rd Lind Note), the Company must pay Lind an amount equal to 120% of the then outstanding principal amount of the Lind Note, in addition to any other remedies under the Note or the other transaction documents Lind also received a 5-year, common stock purchase warrant to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial exercise price of $2 per share. The warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes model. The fair value of the warrants was determined to be $394,071, which was recorded to debt discount. An amendment was filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024 to disclose that due to Nasdaq requirements, the parties entered into an amendment to the Note, pursuant to which the conversion price shall have a floor price of $1.00. Additionally, the amendment requires the Company to make a cash payment to Lind if in connection with a conversion, the conversion price is deemed to be the floor price.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On March 3, 2025, April 1, 2025, May 14, 2025, June 5, 2025, and July 9, 2025, Lind converted $1,000,000 ($200,000 in each conversion) principal balance on 3^rd Lind Note into 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stocks. The 3^rd Lind Note balance was fully converted by July 9, 2025.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In connection with above three Lind Note offerings, the Company and its subsidiaries: BioKey, BioLite, Biolite BVI, and American BriVision, jointly and severally guaranteed all of the obligations of the Company in connection with the offering with certain collateral, as set forth in the related transaction documents.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 22, 2024, November 19, 2024, January 9, 2025, July 1, 2025, and January 20, 2026 Lind exercised 1,000,000, 500,000, 1,029,167, 500,000, and 102,000 of the existing warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock at a reduced exercise price of $0.75, $0.42, $0.40, $1.0 and $1.0 per share, respectively. Refer to the details in Note 12, Equity.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Total interest expenses in connection with the above three Lind Notes were $0 and $209,372 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Other Convertible Notes Payable</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On November 1, 2024 and November 5, 2024, the Company’s subsidiary, AiBtl, issued two convertible notes payable, each with a principal amount of $30,000 to two separate individuals, for total consideration of $60,000. Each note has a 1-year term and an implied annual discount rate of 6.89%. These convertible notes bear 0% interest rate and are convertible by the holders into AiBtl’s common stock at $5 per share at any time before maturity. AiBtl reserves the right to repurchase the note in full at any time before maturity. AiBtl and the investors mutually agreed to renewed these convertible notes for another year, expiring on November 1, 2026 and November 5, 2026, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The convertible notes payable is accounted for in accordance with ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options. The Company evaluated the conversion feature and determined that it qualifies for equity classification as it meets the “fixed-for-fixed” criteria. The proceeds from the issuance were allocated to the present value of the liability component in aggregate for $56,132, and to debt discount for $3,867. The debt discount is recorded in additional paid-in capital in the statement of change in equity. The debt discount is being amortized over the 1-year term using the effective interest method. During the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company recognized $0 and $984 in interest expense related to the amortization of the debt discount.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On April 5, 2025, AiBtl issued a convertible note payable with a principal amount of $9,010 to an individual investor, for total consideration of $9,010. The note has a 1-year term and an implied annual discount rate of 6.89%. with a 0% stated interest rate and is convertible by the holders into AiBtl’s common stock at $5 per share at any time before maturity. AiBtl reserves the right to repurchase the note in full at any time before maturity.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On December 3, December 8, and December 26, 2025, AiBtl issued three convertible notes payable to an individual investor, with a principal amount of $240,000, $100,000, and $150,000, respectively, for total consideration equal to the principal amounts. These notes, with identical terms, have a 1-year term and state annual interest rate of 20%, and are convertible by the holders into AiBtl’s common stock at $7.5 per share at any time before maturity. AiBtl reserves the right to repurchase the note in full at any time before maturity.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company recognized $24,501 in total interest expense associated with the aforementioned convertible notes.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Convertible Notes Payable – Related Party</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On July 8, 2025, AiBtl issued a convertible note payable with a principal amount of $150,000 to an employee of the Company, a related party, for total consideration of $150,000. The note has a 1-year term with a 0% interest rate and is convertible by the holders into AiBtl’s common stock at $10 per share at any time before maturity. AiBtl reserves the right to repurchase the note in full at any time before maturity. This note was repaid in December 2025.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On December 8 and December 30, 2025, AiBtl issued two convertible notes payable with principal amounts of $150,000 and $90,000, respectively, to an employee of the Company, a related party, for total consideration equal to the principal amounts. The notes have a 1-year term with a 20% interest rate and are convertible by the holders into AiBtl’s common stock at $7.5 per share at any time before maturity. AiBtl reserves the right to repurchase the note in full at any time before maturity.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company recognized $1,200 in total interest expense associated with the aforementioned convertible notes.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The carrying amounts of the liability component are summarized as follows:</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">March 31, 2026</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Entity</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Maturity<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Issuance</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Stated<br/> Interest<br/> Rate</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Conversion<br/> Price</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Common<br/> Stock<br/> to be<br/> converted</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Balance<br/> Sheet Date</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Carrying<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Fair<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; width: 19%">Other Note</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">November 1, 2024</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">November 1, 2026</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">0</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">November 5, 2024</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">November 5, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">April 6, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">April 6, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 3, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 3, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 8, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 8, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 26, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 26, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">March 31, 2026</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Entity</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Maturity<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Issuance</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Stated<br/> Interest<br/> Rate</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Conversion<br/> Price</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Common<br/> Stock<br/> to be<br/> converted</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Balance<br/> Sheet Date</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Carrying<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Fair<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; width: 19%">Convertible note – related party</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">December 8, 2025</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">December 8, 2026</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">20</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Convertible note – related party</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 30, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 30, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">December 31, 2025</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Entity</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Maturity<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Issuance</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Stated<br/> Interest<br/> Rate</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Conversion<br/> Price</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Common<br/> Stock<br/> to be<br/> converted</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Balance<br/> Sheet Date</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Carrying<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Fair<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; width: 19%">Other Note</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">November 1, 2024</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">November 1, 2025*</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">0</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">November 5, 2024</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">November 5, 2025*</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">April 6, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">April 6, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 3, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 3, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 8, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 8, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 26, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 26, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">December 31, 2025</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Entity</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Maturity<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Issuance</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Stated<br/> Interest<br/> Rate</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Conversion<br/> Price</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Common<br/> Stock<br/> to be<br/> converted</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Balance<br/> Sheet Date</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Carrying<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Fair<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; width: 19%">Convertible note – related party</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">December 8, 2025</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">December 8, 2026</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">20</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Convertible note – related party</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 30, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 30, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 1200000 1000000 3.5 0.90 P20D 1.20 1000000 2 P5Y 480795 1 800000 400000 1000000 833333 3.5 0.90 P20D 1.20 P5Y 1000000 2 394071 1 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 500000 1029167 500000 102000 0.75 0.42 0.4 1 1 0 209372 30000 30000 60000 60000 P1Y 0.0689 0 5 56132 3867 P1Y 0 984 9010 9010 P1Y 0.0689 0 5 240000 100000 150000 P1Y 0.20 7.5 24501 150000 150000 P1Y 0 10 150000 90000 P1Y 0.20 7.5 1200 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The carrying amounts of the liability component are summarized as follows:</p> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">March 31, 2026</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Entity</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Maturity<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Issuance</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Stated<br/> Interest<br/> Rate</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Conversion<br/> Price</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Common<br/> Stock<br/> to be<br/> converted</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Balance<br/> Sheet Date</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Carrying<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Fair<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; width: 19%">Other Note</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">November 1, 2024</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">November 1, 2026</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">0</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">November 5, 2024</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">November 5, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">April 6, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">April 6, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 3, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 3, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 8, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 8, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 26, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 26, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">March 31, 2026</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Entity</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Maturity<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Issuance</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Stated<br/> Interest<br/> Rate</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Conversion<br/> Price</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Common<br/> Stock<br/> to be<br/> converted</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Balance<br/> Sheet Date</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Carrying<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Fair<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; width: 19%">Convertible note – related party</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">December 8, 2025</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">December 8, 2026</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">20</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Convertible note – related party</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 30, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 30, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">December 31, 2025</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Entity</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Maturity<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Issuance</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Stated<br/> Interest<br/> Rate</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Conversion<br/> Price</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Common<br/> Stock<br/> to be<br/> converted</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Balance<br/> Sheet Date</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Carrying<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Fair<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; width: 19%">Other Note</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">November 1, 2024</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">November 1, 2025*</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">0</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">November 5, 2024</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">November 5, 2025*</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">April 6, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">April 6, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">0</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">5.00</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">9,010</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 3, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 3, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 8, 2025</td><td> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center">December 8, 2026</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">20</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">100,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other Note</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 26, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 26, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">559,010</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">December 31, 2025</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Entity</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Issuance<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Maturity<br/> Date</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Issuance</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Stated<br/> Interest<br/> Rate</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Conversion<br/> Price</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Common<br/> Stock<br/> to be<br/> converted</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Principal<br/> Amount at<br/> Balance<br/> Sheet Date</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Carrying<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; vertical-align: bottom"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Fair<br/> Value</td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; width: 19%">Convertible note – related party</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">December 8, 2025</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">December 8, 2026</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">20</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; text-align: center">AiBtl</td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 0.5%"> </td> <td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 7%; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="width: 0.5%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Convertible note – related party</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 30, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">December 30, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">20</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">7.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">AiBtl</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">90,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; vertical-align: top"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">240,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> AiBtl 2024-11-01 2026-11-01 30000 0 5 AiBtl 30000 30000 30000 AiBtl 2024-11-05 2026-11-05 30000 0 5 AiBtl 30000 30000 30000 AiBtl 2025-04-06 2026-04-06 9010 0 5 AiBtl 9010 9010 9010 AiBtl 2025-12-03 2026-12-03 240000 0.20 7.5 AiBtl 240000 240000 240000 AiBtl 2025-12-08 2026-12-08 100000 0.20 7.5 AiBtl 100000 100000 100000 AiBtl 2025-12-26 2026-12-26 150000 0.20 7.5 AiBtl 150000 150000 150000 559010 559010 559010 559010 AiBtl 2025-12-08 2026-12-08 150000 0.20 7.5 AiBtl 150000 150000 150000 AiBtl 2025-12-30 2026-12-30 90000 0.20 7.5 AiBtl 90000 90000 90000 240000 240000 240000 240000 AiBtl 2024-11-01 2025-11-01 30000 0 5 AiBtl 30000 30000 30000 AiBtl 2024-11-05 2025-11-05 30000 0 5 AiBtl 30000 30000 30000 AiBtl 2025-04-06 2026-04-06 9010 0 5 AiBtl 9010 9010 9010 AiBtl 2025-12-03 2026-12-03 240000 0.20 7.5 AiBtl 240000 240000 240000 AiBtl 2025-12-08 2026-12-08 100000 0.20 7.5 AiBtl 100000 100000 100000 AiBtl 2025-12-26 2026-12-26 150000 0.20 7.5 AiBtl 150000 150000 150000 559010 559010 559010 559010 AiBtl 2025-12-08 2026-12-08 150000 0.20 7.5 AiBtl 150000 150000 150000 AiBtl 2025-12-30 2026-12-30 90000 0.20 7.5 AiBtl 90000 90000 90000 240000 240000 240000 240000 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>8. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES</b> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Accrued research and development expense⁽¹⁾</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,741,083</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,754,083</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Accrued directors and officers (owners) compensation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,358,037</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,358,293</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Cash portion of the Lind Note repayments</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">500,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">492,376</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Accrued compensation and employee benefits</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">31,391</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">86,744</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Others</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">523,853</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">470,133</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,154,364</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,161,629</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">(1)</td><td style="text-align: justify">Accrued research and development expense represents the amount due to outside contracted services for manufacturing and process development.</td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Accrued research and development expense⁽¹⁾</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,741,083</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,754,083</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Accrued directors and officers (owners) compensation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,358,037</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,358,293</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Cash portion of the Lind Note repayments</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">500,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">492,376</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Accrued compensation and employee benefits</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">31,391</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">86,744</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Others</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">523,853</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">470,133</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,154,364</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,161,629</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">(1)</td><td style="text-align: justify">Accrued research and development expense represents the amount due to outside contracted services for manufacturing and process development.</td> </tr></table> 1741083 1754083 1358037 1358293 500000 492376 31391 86744 523853 470133 4154364 4161629 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>9. SHORT-TERM LOANS</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Short-term loans consists of the following:</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify">Cathay United Bank</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">58,737</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">89,512</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify">CTBC Bank</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-129">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">636,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other individual</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">88,737</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">755,512</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Cathay United Bank</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On June 28, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and Cathay United Bank entered into a one-year bank loan agreement (the “Cathay United Loan Agreement”) in a credit limit amount of NTD 7.5 million, equivalent to $228,750. The term started June 28, 2016 with maturity date at June 28, 2017. The loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of prime rate plus 1.31%. The prime rate is based on the term deposit saving interest rate of Cathay United Bank. The Company renews the agreement with the bank every year, and the next renewal date is September 6, 2026. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the effective interest rates per annum was 2.99% and 2.99%, respectively. The loan is collateralized by the building and improvement of BioLite Taiwan, and is also personal guaranteed by the Company’s chairman. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company made payments of the loan in total of NTD 938,283, equivalent to $29,650.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Interest expenses were $597 and $1,470 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">CTBC Bank</span> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On June 12, 2017 and July 19, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and CTBC Bank entered into two short-term saving secured bank loan agreements (the “CTBC Loan Agreements”) in a credit limit amount of NTD 10 million, equivalent to $327,500, and NTD 10 million, equivalent to $327,500, respectively. Both two loans with the same maturity date on January 19, 2018. In February 2018, BioLite Taiwan combined two loans and extended the loan contract with CTBC for one year. The Company renews the agreement with the bank every six months, and the next renewal date is July 10, 2026. The loan balances bear interest at a fixed rate of 2.5% per annum, and is secured by the money deposited in a savings account with the CTBC Bank. This loan was also personal guaranteed by the Company’s chairman and BioFirst. During the year ended December 31, 2020, BioLite Taiwan opened a TCD account with CTBC bank to guarantee the loan going forward. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company paid off the loan in total of NTD 20,000,000, equivalent to $632,000.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Interest expenses were $3,593 and $3,761 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Other individual – Third party</span> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On March 21, 2024, the Company issued an unsecured promissory note to a third party for the proceeds of $30,000. The note bears interest rate of 12% per annum and matures on March 21, 2025, or upon the occurrence of an event of default. The promissory note was extended for another year and matures on March 21, 2027, with the same terms.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Interest expenses were $888 and $888 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p> <span style="font-size: 10pt">Short-term loans consists of the following:</span><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify">Cathay United Bank</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">58,737</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">89,512</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify">CTBC Bank</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-129">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">636,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other individual</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">30,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">88,737</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">755,512</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 58737 89512 636000 30000 30000 88737 755512 7500000 228750 2017-06-28 0.0131 0.0299 0.0299 938283 29650 597 1470 10000000 327500 10000000 327500 2018-01-19 2018-01-19 P1Y 0.025 20000000 632000 3593 3761 30000 0.12 2025-03-21 888 888 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>10. RELATED PARTIES TRANSACTIONS</b>  </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The related parties of the company with whom transactions are reported in these financial statements are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 30%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Name of entity or Individual</b></span></td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: center"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 69%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries</b></span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst Corporation (the “BioFirst”)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; "> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst (Australia) Pty Ltd. (the “BioFirst (Australia)”)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">100% owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Rgene Corporation (the “Rgene”)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Shareholder of the Company; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene; the Chairman of Rgene is Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; "> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">GenePharm Inc. (the “GenePharm”)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Dr. George Lee, Board Director of Biokey, is the Chairman of GenePharm.</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">The Jiangs</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, the controlling beneficiary shareholder of the Company and Rgene, the Chairman and CEO of the BioLite Holding Inc. and BioLite Inc. and the President and a member of board of directors of BioFirst</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Ms. Shuling Jiang, is the Chairman of Keypoint; and a member of board of directors of the Company and BioLite Inc, and a member of board of directors of BioFirst; a director and beneficial owner of more than 10% of the ABVC’s outstanding common stock</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr. Eugene Jiang is Mr. and Ms. Jiang’s son. Mr. Eugene Jiang is the chairman, and majority shareholder of the Company and a member of board of directors of BioLite Inc. Mr. Eugene Jiang is a member of board of directors of BioFirst.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr. Chang-Jen Jiang is Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang’s sibling and the director of the Company, and a member of board of directors of BioFirst.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Ms. Mei-Ling Jiang is Ms. Shuling Jiang’s sibling.</p></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; "> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioLite Japan  </span></td> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of ABVC</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioHopeKing Corporation (“BHK”)</span></td> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of ABVC</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; "> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">AiBtl (Holding) BioPharma, Inc. (“AiBtl Holding”)  </span></td> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Founding shareholder of AiBtl BioPharma Inc.</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Jaimes Vargas Russman  </span></td> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">CEO of AiBtl BioPharma Inc.</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; "> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Lion Arts Promotion, Inc. (“Lion Arts”)</span></td> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Entity controlled by the Jiangs.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Consulting fees – related parties</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In March 2024, the BioLite engaged Lion Arts to provide operation, business development, human resources, and capital finance consulting services in Taiwan. The agreement is for 12 months expiring in February 2025, and was renewed twice, each for another 12 months, expiring February 2027. The service fee is NTD 5,520,000 (approximately $173,328) for each contract expiring 2026 and 2027.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In May 2025, BioLite entered another consulting agreement with Lion Arts for international business development for service fee of NTD 2,000,000 (approximately $62,800). This agreement is for 12 months expiring April 2026, and is optional for renewal upon mutual agreement.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company incurred consulting fees for both agreements of $59,408 and $68,141 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Due from related parties</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Amounts due from related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Due from related party- Current</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst ⁽¹⁾</span></td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">165,014</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">761,017</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Rgene ⁽²⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,310</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,347</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Director ⁽³⁾</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-130">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">24</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">167,324</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">763,388</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Due from related parties- Non-current, net</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst (Australia) ⁽⁴⁾</span></td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">839,983</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">839,983</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioHopeKing Corporation ⁽⁵⁾</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">123,363</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">120,210</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">963,346</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">960,193</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: allowance for expected credit losses accounts</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(963,346</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(960,193</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Net</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-131">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-132">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(1)  </span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On December 31, 2023, BioLite Taiwan entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst, with a principal amount of $337,707, which bears interest at 12% per annum for the use of working capital. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company entered into another loan agreement with BioFirst, with a principal amount of $347,883, which bears interest at 12% per annum for the use of working capital. In 2025, the Company entered several loan agreements with BioFirst, in the aggregate of $1,406,022. These loans bear 12% per annum, with the term of 12 months. During 2025, the Company also received around $203,026 repayment. The funds were used to support BioFirst’ daily operations.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the outstanding loan balance were $0 and $761,017, respectively; accrued interest was $0 and $212,839, respectively. All the outstanding principal and interests were collected in February 2026.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The balance $165,014 represents the receivables for operating purpose.</p></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify">As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company has other receivables amounted $2,310 and $2,347, respectively, from Rgene due to daily operations.</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(3)  </span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">The director paid certain operating expenses on behalf of the Company.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(4)</span></td> <td><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On July 1, 2020, the Company entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst (Australia) for $361,487 to properly record R&amp;D cost and tax refund allocation based on co-development contract executed on July 24, 2017. The loan was originally set to be mature on September 30, 2021 with an interest rate of 6.5% per annum, but on September 7, 2021, the Company entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst (Australia) for $67,873 to meet its new project needs. On July 27, 2021, the Company repaid a loan 249,975 to BioFirst (Australia). On December 1, 2021, the Company entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst (Australia) for $250,000 to increase the cost for upcoming projects. The loan will be matured on November 30, 2022 with an interest rate of 6.5% per annum. In 2022, the Company entered into several loan agreements with BioFirst (Australia) for a total amount of $507,000 to increase the cost for upcoming projects.  During the first quarter of 2023, the Company entered into several loan agreements with BioFirst (Australia) for a total amount of $88,091 to increase the cost for upcoming projects. During the second quarter of 2023, the Company entered into several loan agreements with BioFirst (Australia) for a total amount of $25,500 to increase the cost for upcoming projects. All the loans period was twelve months with an interest rate of 6.5% per annum. For accounting purpose, the due from and due to related party balances was being net off. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the outstanding loan balances and allocated research fee were both amounted to $681,185, and accrued interest balances were both amounted $158,798.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The business conditions of BioFirst (Australia) deteriorated and, as a result, the Company recognized expected credit losses of $839,983 for the year ended December 31, 2023. The Company stopped accruing interest income recognizing such losses.</p></td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"><td style="width: 0.25in">(5)</td> <td style="text-align: justify">On February 24, 2015, BioLite Taiwan and BioHopeKing Corporation (the “BHK”) entered into a co-development agreement, (the “BHK Co-Development Agreement”, see Note 4). The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and the Company. Under the term of the agreement, BioLite issued relevant development cost to BHK. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, due from BHK was both NTD 3,941,299 (approximately$123,363 and $120,210, respectively). The business conditions of BHK deteriorated and as a result, the Company recognized expected credit losses of NTD 3,941,299 as of December 31, 2024. <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-137">No</span> recovery was made during the three months ended March 31, 2026.</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company’s due from related party balances are subject to certain risks that our collaborative parties, including OncoX and FEYE, would face. Such risks exist in future market conditions, macro economy, legal and regulatory, results of clinical trials and product developments, and among others. As of March 31, 2026, the Company’s comprehensive review of these due from related party balances indicates that there are no expected losses except those being recognized above. This conclusion is based on business relationships with our related parties and the absence of any significant indicators of potential default.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Convertible notes receivable - related party</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January 12, 2026, the Company entered into a one-year convertible promissory note agreement with OncoX, with a principal amount of $32,000 and interest of 6.5% per annum for the use of working capital that is convertible into OncoX’ common stock at $5/share at any time before maturity. It set off the payable of $3,404 to OncoX. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company accrued interest income of $402.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Due to related parties</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b> </b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Amount due to related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">The Jiangs ⁽¹⁾</span></td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">277</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">300</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Shareholders ⁽²⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-133">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-134">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">ForSeeCon ⁽³⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-135">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">70,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">OncoX ⁽³⁾</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-136">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">35,404</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">277</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">105,704</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Since 2019, the Jiangs advanced funds to the Company for working capital purposes. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the outstanding balance due to the Jiangs amounted to $277 and $300, respectively. These loans bear no interest and are due on demand. In addition, during year ended 2025, the Company purchased a piece of land in Taiwan from Shuling Jiang, as discussed in Note 5.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Since 2018, the Company’s shareholders have advanced funds to the Company for working capital purposes. The advances bear interest rates around 12% per annum. As of December 31, 2025, the Company repaid all the principal. Interest expense in connection with these loans were $4,963 for the three months ended March 31, 2025.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the funds received from ForSeeCon and OncoX were initially designated for their payments of licensing fees. Upon further review, management determined that these funds did not meet the fund-raising covenant requirements under licensing agreement. Accordingly, the Company will subsequently return these funds to ForSeeCon and OncoX. In January 2026, the Company returned the fund to ForSeeCon and OncoX,</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Asset pledged for related party’s bank loan</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Shuling Jiang acts as the Company’s agent to hold the land in Taoyuan, amounting to $4,656,460. And the land is pledged for her bank loan of NTD 15,000,000 (equivalent to $469,500), which is due on April 16, 2027.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The related parties of the company with whom transactions are reported in these financial statements are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 30%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Name of entity or Individual</b></span></td> <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: center"> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 69%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries</b></span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst Corporation (the “BioFirst”)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; "> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst (Australia) Pty Ltd. (the “BioFirst (Australia)”)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">100% owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Rgene Corporation (the “Rgene”)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Shareholder of the Company; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene; the Chairman of Rgene is Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; "> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">GenePharm Inc. (the “GenePharm”)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Dr. George Lee, Board Director of Biokey, is the Chairman of GenePharm.</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">The Jiangs</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, the controlling beneficiary shareholder of the Company and Rgene, the Chairman and CEO of the BioLite Holding Inc. and BioLite Inc. and the President and a member of board of directors of BioFirst</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Ms. Shuling Jiang, is the Chairman of Keypoint; and a member of board of directors of the Company and BioLite Inc, and a member of board of directors of BioFirst; a director and beneficial owner of more than 10% of the ABVC’s outstanding common stock</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr. Eugene Jiang is Mr. and Ms. Jiang’s son. Mr. Eugene Jiang is the chairman, and majority shareholder of the Company and a member of board of directors of BioLite Inc. Mr. Eugene Jiang is a member of board of directors of BioFirst.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr. Chang-Jen Jiang is Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang’s sibling and the director of the Company, and a member of board of directors of BioFirst.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Ms. Mei-Ling Jiang is Ms. Shuling Jiang’s sibling.</p></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; "> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioLite Japan  </span></td> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of ABVC</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioHopeKing Corporation (“BHK”)</span></td> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of ABVC</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; "> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">AiBtl (Holding) BioPharma, Inc. (“AiBtl Holding”)  </span></td> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Founding shareholder of AiBtl BioPharma Inc.</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Jaimes Vargas Russman  </span></td> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">CEO of AiBtl BioPharma Inc.</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top; "> <td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Lion Arts Promotion, Inc. (“Lion Arts”)</span></td> <td> </td> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Entity controlled by the Jiangs.</span></td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Due from related party- Current</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst ⁽¹⁾</span></td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">165,014</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">761,017</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Rgene ⁽²⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,310</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,347</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Director ⁽³⁾</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-130">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">24</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">167,324</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">763,388</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Due from related parties- Non-current, net</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioFirst (Australia) ⁽⁴⁾</span></td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">839,983</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">839,983</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">BioHopeKing Corporation ⁽⁵⁾</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">123,363</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">120,210</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">963,346</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">960,193</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: allowance for expected credit losses accounts</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(963,346</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(960,193</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Net</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-131">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-132">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(1)  </span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On December 31, 2023, BioLite Taiwan entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst, with a principal amount of $337,707, which bears interest at 12% per annum for the use of working capital. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company entered into another loan agreement with BioFirst, with a principal amount of $347,883, which bears interest at 12% per annum for the use of working capital. In 2025, the Company entered several loan agreements with BioFirst, in the aggregate of $1,406,022. These loans bear 12% per annum, with the term of 12 months. During 2025, the Company also received around $203,026 repayment. The funds were used to support BioFirst’ daily operations.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the outstanding loan balance were $0 and $761,017, respectively; accrued interest was $0 and $212,839, respectively. All the outstanding principal and interests were collected in February 2026.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The balance $165,014 represents the receivables for operating purpose.</p></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify">As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company has other receivables amounted $2,310 and $2,347, respectively, from Rgene due to daily operations.</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td> <td style="text-align: justify"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(3)  </span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">The director paid certain operating expenses on behalf of the Company.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(4)</span></td> <td><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On July 1, 2020, the Company entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst (Australia) for $361,487 to properly record R&amp;D cost and tax refund allocation based on co-development contract executed on July 24, 2017. The loan was originally set to be mature on September 30, 2021 with an interest rate of 6.5% per annum, but on September 7, 2021, the Company entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst (Australia) for $67,873 to meet its new project needs. On July 27, 2021, the Company repaid a loan 249,975 to BioFirst (Australia). On December 1, 2021, the Company entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst (Australia) for $250,000 to increase the cost for upcoming projects. The loan will be matured on November 30, 2022 with an interest rate of 6.5% per annum. In 2022, the Company entered into several loan agreements with BioFirst (Australia) for a total amount of $507,000 to increase the cost for upcoming projects.  During the first quarter of 2023, the Company entered into several loan agreements with BioFirst (Australia) for a total amount of $88,091 to increase the cost for upcoming projects. During the second quarter of 2023, the Company entered into several loan agreements with BioFirst (Australia) for a total amount of $25,500 to increase the cost for upcoming projects. All the loans period was twelve months with an interest rate of 6.5% per annum. For accounting purpose, the due from and due to related party balances was being net off. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the outstanding loan balances and allocated research fee were both amounted to $681,185, and accrued interest balances were both amounted $158,798.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The business conditions of BioFirst (Australia) deteriorated and, as a result, the Company recognized expected credit losses of $839,983 for the year ended December 31, 2023. The Company stopped accruing interest income recognizing such losses.</p></td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"><td style="width: 0.25in">(5)</td> <td style="text-align: justify">On February 24, 2015, BioLite Taiwan and BioHopeKing Corporation (the “BHK”) entered into a co-development agreement, (the “BHK Co-Development Agreement”, see Note 4). The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and the Company. Under the term of the agreement, BioLite issued relevant development cost to BHK. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, due from BHK was both NTD 3,941,299 (approximately$123,363 and $120,210, respectively). The business conditions of BHK deteriorated and as a result, the Company recognized expected credit losses of NTD 3,941,299 as of December 31, 2024. <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-137">No</span> recovery was made during the three months ended March 31, 2026.</td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Amount due to related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">The Jiangs ⁽¹⁾</span></td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">277</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">300</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Shareholders ⁽²⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-133">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-134">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">ForSeeCon ⁽³⁾</span></td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-135">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">70,000</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">OncoX ⁽³⁾</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-136">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">35,404</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">277</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">105,704</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Since 2019, the Jiangs advanced funds to the Company for working capital purposes. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the outstanding balance due to the Jiangs amounted to $277 and $300, respectively. These loans bear no interest and are due on demand. In addition, during year ended 2025, the Company purchased a piece of land in Taiwan from Shuling Jiang, as discussed in Note 5.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Since 2018, the Company’s shareholders have advanced funds to the Company for working capital purposes. The advances bear interest rates around 12% per annum. As of December 31, 2025, the Company repaid all the principal. Interest expense in connection with these loans were $4,963 for the three months ended March 31, 2025.</span></td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: top"> <td style="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td> <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the funds received from ForSeeCon and OncoX were initially designated for their payments of licensing fees. Upon further review, management determined that these funds did not meet the fund-raising covenant requirements under licensing agreement. Accordingly, the Company will subsequently return these funds to ForSeeCon and OncoX. In January 2026, the Company returned the fund to ForSeeCon and OncoX,</span></td></tr> </table> Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene 100% owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene Shareholder of the Company; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene; the Chairman of Rgene is Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang Dr. George Lee, Board Director of Biokey, is the Chairman of GenePharm. Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, the controlling beneficiary shareholder of the Company and Rgene, the Chairman and CEO of the BioLite Holding Inc. and BioLite Inc. and the President and a member of board of directors of BioFirst   Ms. Shuling Jiang, is the Chairman of Keypoint; and a member of board of directors of the Company and BioLite Inc, and a member of board of directors of BioFirst; a director and beneficial owner of more than 10% of the ABVC’s outstanding common stock   Mr. Eugene Jiang is Mr. and Ms. Jiang’s son. Mr. Eugene Jiang is the chairman, and majority shareholder of the Company and a member of board of directors of BioLite Inc. Mr. Eugene Jiang is a member of board of directors of BioFirst.   Mr. Chang-Jen Jiang is Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang’s sibling and the director of the Company, and a member of board of directors of BioFirst.   Ms. Mei-Ling Jiang is Ms. Shuling Jiang’s sibling. Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of ABVC Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of ABVC Founding shareholder of AiBtl BioPharma Inc. CEO of AiBtl BioPharma Inc. Entity controlled by the Jiangs. P12M P12M 5520000 173328 2000000 62800 59408 68141 165014 761017 2310 2347 24 167324 763388 839983 839983 123363 120210 963346 960193 963346 960193 337707 0.12 347883 0.12 1406022 0.12 P12M 203026 0 761017 0 212839 165014 2310 2347 361487 2021-09-30 0.065 67873 249975 250000 2022-11-30 0.065 507000 88091 25500 0.065 681185 681185 158798 158798 839983 3941299 123363 120210 3941299 32000 0.065 5 3404 402 277 300 70000 35404 277 105704 277 300 0.12 4963 4656460 15000000 469500 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>11. INCOME TAXES</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in">Income tax (benefit) expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 were <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-182">$0</span> and <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-183">$0</span>, respectively.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in">The income tax expense applicable to income before income taxes consists of the following</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Current income taxes:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in; text-align: left">Federal</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-138; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-139; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">State</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-140; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-141">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">Foreign</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-142; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-143; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Total Current</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-144; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-145; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Deferred income taxes:</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"> </td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"> </td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">Federal</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-146; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-147; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">State</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-148; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-149; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">Foreign</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-150; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-151; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Total deferred</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-152; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-153; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Income tax expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-154; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-155; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in">Loss before income tax consists of the following</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%">U.S.</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(1,471,693</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(706,088</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Foreign</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(218,244</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(238,012</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Loss before income tax</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,689,937</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(944,190</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The income tax expense (benefit) differs from the amount computed by applying the US federal statutory rate of 21.0% to income before income taxes for three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively, as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><b>Three months ended <br/> March 31, 2026</b></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">US Federal Statutory Tax Rate</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(354,887</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">21.0</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">State and Local Income Taxes, net of Federal Income Tax Effect</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">(30,004</td> <td style="text-align: left">)</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">1.8</td> <td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Foreign tax effects</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in; text-align: left">Taiwan-reduced statutory tax rate on qualifying income</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">12,746</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">(0.8</td> <td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Effect of Cross-boarder tax laws</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-156">-</div></td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-157">-</div></td> <td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Tax credits</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-158">-</div></td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-159">-</div></td> <td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Nontaxable or non-deductible items</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in; text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">165,349</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">(9.8</td> <td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">others</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">6,597</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">(0.4</td> <td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify">Change in valuation allowances</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">200,199</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">(11.8</td> <td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Others ⁽¹⁾</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-160">-</div></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-161">-</div></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Income tax expenses</td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-162">-</div></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-163">-</div></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three months ended<br/> March 31, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">US Federal Statutory Tax Rate</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(198,071</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">21.0</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">State and Local Income Taxes, net of Federal Income Tax Effect</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(18,628</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2.0</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Foreign tax effects</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12pt">Taiwan-reduced statutory tax rate on qualifying income</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,381</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(0.3</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Effect of Cross-boarder tax laws</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-164">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-165">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Tax credits</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-166">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-167">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Nontaxable or non-deductible items</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12pt">Stock-based compensation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">10,242</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1.1</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-indent: 12pt">others</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">10,684</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1.1</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify">Change in valuation allowances</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">193,393</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(20.5</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Others ⁽¹⁾</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-168">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-169">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Income tax expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-170">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-171">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">(1)</td><td style="text-align: justify">includes the tax effects of enactment of new tax laws and change in unrecognized tax benefits.</td> </tr></table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The amount of cash paid for income taxes (net of refunds) for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Federal</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-172">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-173">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>State</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-174">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-175">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Foreign</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-176"> </div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-177">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in; text-align: left; width: 76%">Taiwan</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,944</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-178"> </div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Total Current</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,944</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-179">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">Deferred tax assets (liability) as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 consist approximately of:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Loss on impairment of assets</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">881,855</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">881,855</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Net operating loss carryforwards</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">6,620,144</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">6,473,705</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">430,604</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">446,376</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Operating lease assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(427,183</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(445,321</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Deferred tax assets, gross</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">7,505,420</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">7,356,615</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Valuation allowance</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(7,505,420</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(7,356,615</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Deferred tax assets, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-180">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-181">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A reconciliation of gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Balance at beginning of the period</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">6,473,705</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,677,413</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Increases in tax positions for current year-loss carryforward</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">200,199</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">796,292</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">Balance at ending of the period</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6,673,904</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6,473,705</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in">The income tax expense applicable to income before income taxes consists of the following</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Current income taxes:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in; text-align: left">Federal</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-138; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-139; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">State</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-140; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-141">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">Foreign</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-142; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-143; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Total Current</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-144; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-145; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Deferred income taxes:</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"> </td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"> </td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">Federal</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-146; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-147; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">State</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-148; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-149; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">Foreign</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-150; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-151; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Total deferred</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-152; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-153; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Income tax expenses</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-154; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-155; font-size: 10pt">-</span></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in">Loss before income tax consists of the following</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%">U.S.</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(1,471,693</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(706,088</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Foreign</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(218,244</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(238,012</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Loss before income tax</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,689,937</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(944,190</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr> </table> -1471693 -706088 -218244 -238012 -1689937 -944190 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The income tax expense (benefit) differs from the amount computed by applying the US federal statutory rate of 21.0% to income before income taxes for three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively, as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><b>Three months ended <br/> March 31, 2026</b></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">US Federal Statutory Tax Rate</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(354,887</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">21.0</td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">State and Local Income Taxes, net of Federal Income Tax Effect</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">(30,004</td> <td style="text-align: left">)</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">1.8</td> <td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Foreign tax effects</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in; text-align: left">Taiwan-reduced statutory tax rate on qualifying income</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">12,746</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">(0.8</td> <td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Effect of Cross-boarder tax laws</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-156">-</div></td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-157">-</div></td> <td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Tax credits</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-158">-</div></td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-159">-</div></td> <td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Nontaxable or non-deductible items</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right"> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in; text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">165,349</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">(9.8</td> <td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">others</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">6,597</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">(0.4</td> <td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify">Change in valuation allowances</td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">200,199</td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td> <td style="text-align: right">(11.8</td> <td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Others ⁽¹⁾</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-160">-</div></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-161">-</div></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Income tax expenses</td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-162">-</div></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-163">-</div></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three months ended<br/> March 31, 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">US Federal Statutory Tax Rate</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(198,071</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">21.0</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">State and Local Income Taxes, net of Federal Income Tax Effect</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(18,628</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2.0</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Foreign tax effects</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12pt">Taiwan-reduced statutory tax rate on qualifying income</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">2,381</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(0.3</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Effect of Cross-boarder tax laws</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-164">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-165">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Tax credits</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-166">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-167">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Nontaxable or non-deductible items</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 12pt">Stock-based compensation</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">10,242</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1.1</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-indent: 12pt">others</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">10,684</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(1.1</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: justify">Change in valuation allowances</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">193,393</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">(20.5</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Others ⁽¹⁾</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-168">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-169">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Income tax expenses</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-170">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-171">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"> <td style="width: 0in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">(1)</td><td style="text-align: justify">includes the tax effects of enactment of new tax laws and change in unrecognized tax benefits.</td> </tr></table> 0.21 0.21 -354887 0.21 -30004 0.018 12746 -0.008 165349 -0.098 6597 -0.004 200199 -0.118 -198071 0.21 -18628 0.02 2381 -0.003 10242 -0.011 10684 -0.011 193393 -0.205 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The amount of cash paid for income taxes (net of refunds) for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Federal</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-172">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-173">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>State</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-174">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-175">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Foreign</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-176"> </div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-177">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-left: 0.125in; text-align: left; width: 76%">Taiwan</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,944</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-178"> </div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Total Current</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">5,944</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-179">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 5944 5944 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">Deferred tax assets (liability) as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 consist approximately of:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Loss on impairment of assets</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">881,855</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">881,855</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Net operating loss carryforwards</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">6,620,144</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">6,473,705</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">430,604</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">446,376</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Operating lease assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(427,183</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(445,321</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Deferred tax assets, gross</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">7,505,420</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">7,356,615</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Valuation allowance</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(7,505,420</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(7,356,615</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Deferred tax assets, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-180">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-181">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 881855 881855 6620144 6473705 -430604 -446376 -427183 -445321 7505420 7356615 7505420 7356615 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A reconciliation of gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Balance at beginning of the period</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">6,473,705</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5,677,413</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Increases in tax positions for current year-loss carryforward</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">200,199</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">796,292</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">Balance at ending of the period</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6,673,904</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 4pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6,473,705</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 6473705 5677413 200199 796292 6673904 6473705 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>12. EQUITY</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Lind Offerings and Repayments</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On March 3, 2025 and April 1, 2025, Lind has converted the remaining $400,000 principal balance on 2nd Lind Note into 400,000 shares of the Company’s common stocks. All principal balance of 2nd Lind Note was fully converted as of April 1, 2025.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On March 3, 2025, April 1, 2025, May 14, 2025, June 5, 2025 and July 9, 2025, Lind converted $1,000,000 ($200,000 in each conversion) principal balance on 3^rd Lind Note into 936,239 shares of the Company’s common stock. As of July 9, 2025, all principal balance of 3^rd Lind note was fully converted.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Stock-Based Compensation and Payments</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Three months ended March 31, 2025 </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company issued 80,654 shares of common stock, for the rent payments of January to March 2025, amounting to $48,773.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span style="text-decoration:underline">Three months ended March 31, 2026</span></i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company issued 60,005 shares of common stock, for the rent payments of January to March 2026, amounting to $106,287.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company issued 69,171 restricted shares to employees as compensations of $69,171.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company issued 102,015 restricted shares to advisors and consultants as compensations of $198,416.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company issued 250,000 common stocks to advisors and consultants as compensations of $413,500.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Private placement</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span style="text-decoration:underline">Three months ended March 31, 2026</span></i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i> </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In January 12, 2026, the Company sold an aggregate amount of $256,000 on the same terms and conditions as the Reg S Offering; Pursuant to the share subscriptions, the Company has issued an aggregate of 131,280 shares of the Company’s common stock. The price at which the Shares were sold at $1.95 per share.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Stock subscription received</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span style="text-decoration:underline">Three months ended March 31, 2026</span></i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i> </i></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In March 2026, the Company received $63,492 from an investor to subscribe 45,351 shares of the company’s common stock. The shares were issued in April 2026 due to administrative process.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Noncontrolling Interests</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On March 14, 2024, AiBtl issued 1,610,700 AiBtl’s common stocks to a land acquisition transaction in Taiwan, including the 1-year business consulting fee of $383,500 incurred beginning in November 2023, and the cost of land $7,670,000. The land will be used for developing health related businesses. However, upon the closing of the transaction, both parties are aware of such Taiwan’s legal restrictions prohibiting foreign entities directly owning farmland. In August 2024, the Company incorporated a controlling subsidiary, Yunzhiyi, to hold the title of the land upon government’s approval. On March 31, 2025, AiBtl and the landowners executed the Nominee Holding Agreement, Land Lease Agreement, and Consulting Agreement, under the witness of and confirmed by a legal counsel in Taiwan, in which the landowners unconditionally grant the full legal rights to the land to AiBtl before the completion of the title transfer. These agreements are effective until the title transfer is completed. Based on the execution of the agreement, AiBtl recognized $7,670,000 ($5 per share of AiBtl’s common stock) of land on its balance sheet.</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company applied a valuation agent to value the land, applying the observable market quote.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To further secure the ownership of land, the board of AiBtl authorized Ms. Jiang in June 2025 to temporarily hold the land title until the administrative procedures are finalized. The title was transferred to Ms. Jiang later that month, and AiBtl recorded $5,794 in acquisition costs associated with the transaction. As of the reporting date, government review of the transfer of land title to Yun Zhi Yi is pending completion.</p> 400000 400000 400000 400000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 200000 200000 200000 200000 200000 936239 936239 936239 936239 936239 80654 48773 60005 106287 69171 69171 102015 198416 250000 413500 256000 131280 1.95 63492 45351 1610700 383500 7670000 7670000 5 5794 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>13. STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company’s 2025 annual meeting of shareholders approved an increase in the Company’s Amended and Restated 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) up to a maximum of 15% of the number of issued and outstanding shares on the date of the meeting and permit the automatic increase of such shares available under the Plan, on January 1 of each year, by that number of shares equal to 5% of the number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding on the immediately preceding December 31, commencing on January 1, 2026 and ending with the year that the additional number of shares equals 15% of the number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of December 31 of the previous year. As of the date of the 2025 annual meeting of shareholders, the outstanding share was 16,153,055 shares, which results in the maximum shares issuable of 2,422,958 shares under the Plan.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Stock Options</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Options issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2026, and their activities during the year then ended are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted-</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted-</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Average</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Average</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number of</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Exercise</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Contractual</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Underlying<br/> Shares<br/> (post-split)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Price<br/> Per Share<br/> (post-split)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Life<br/> Remaining<br/> in Years</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Aggregate<br/> Intrinsic<br/> Value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 52%">Outstanding as of January 1, 2026</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">258,710</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">27.9</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5.74</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-184">           -</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Granted</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-185">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-186">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-187">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Forfeited</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-188">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-189">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-190">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Outstanding as of March 31, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">258,710</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">27.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">5.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-191">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Exercisable as of March 31, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">258,710</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">27.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">5.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-192">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Vested and expected to vest</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">258,710</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">27.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">5.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-193">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Stock Warrants - Shuling</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Warrants issued and outstanding in connection with Shuling land transaction (See Note 5) as of March 31, 2026, and their activities during the year ended are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Number of<br/> Underlying<br/> Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Exercise<br/> Price<br/> Per Share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Contractual<br/> Life<br/> Remaining<br/> in Years</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Aggregate<br/> Intrinsic<br/> Value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 52%">Outstanding as of January 1, 2026</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,000,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">2.50</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">4.54</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-194">-</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Issued</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-195">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-196">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-197">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-198">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Exercised</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-199">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-200">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-201">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-202">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Outstanding as of March 31, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,000,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">2.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">4.29</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-203">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Stock Warrants – Lind Notes</span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On February 23, 2023, in connection with the issuance of the 1^st Lind Note (referring to Note 7), the Company issued Lind a 5-year term of common stock purchase warrant to purchase up to 529,167 shares (post-split) of the Company’s common stock at an initial exercise price of $10.5 per share (post-split), subject to adjustment. The warrant exercise price was reset to $3.5 in accordance with the issuance of common stock in relation to securities purchase agreement in July 2023.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On November 17, 2023, in connection with the issuance of the 2^nd Lind Note (referring to Note 7), Lind also received a 5-year term of common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial exercise price of $2 per share. The warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes model and the fair value was determined to be $480,795, which was recorded as a debt discount.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January 17, 2024, in connection with the issuance of the 3^rd Lind Note (referring to Note 7), Lind also received 5-year term of common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial exercise price of $2 per share.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 22, 2024, the Company and Lind entered into a letter agreement, pursuant to which Lind will exercise, for cash, 1,000,000 of its Pre-Existing Warrants (all of the warrants issued to Lind on February 23, 2023, November 17, 2023 and January 17, 2024 are hereinafter referred to as the “Pre-Existing Warrants”), to purchase shares of Common Stock at a reduced exercise price of $0.75 per share. Such 1,000,000 Pre-Existing Warrants exercised include 529,167 warrants issued in February 2023 and 470,833 warrants issued in November 2023. Concurrently, the exercise price of all Pre-Existing Warrants was reduced to $0.75 per share according to this agreement. Lind also received new warrants to purchase 1,000,000 shares of common stock, exercisable at any time on or after the date of its issuance and until the five-year anniversary thereof, for $1.00 per share (the “New Warrants”). The fair value of the New Warrants was determined to be $925,210 using the Black-Scholes model. The New Warrants may be exercised via cashless exercise or resale pursuant to the registration statement that was declared effective. As of December 31, 2024, Lind has exercised 1,000,000 shares of Pre-Existing Warrants and received 1,000,000 shares of New Warrants according to this agreement. All warrants issued to Lind may be exercised via cashless exercise.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January 5, 2025, the Company and Lind entered into a third letter agreement, pursuant to which Lind agreed to exercise for cash, 1,029,167 of the Existing Warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock, with a current exercise price of $0.75 per share, at a reduced exercise price of $0.40 per share. On July 1, 2025, and January 20, 2026, Lind exercised 500,000 and 102,000 warrants, respectively, both at an exercise price of $1.00 per share and left 398,000 warrants as of March 31, 2026.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In July 2025, the Company received $83,567 in cash for 216,251 common stock warrant exercise from the placement agents of LIND notes. These warrants were issued in 2023 and 2024 along with the Lind Note financing. </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Warrants issued and outstanding in connection with Lind convertible notes (See Note 12) as of March 31, 2026, and their activities during the three months ended are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Number of<br/> Underlying<br/> Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Exercise<br/> Price<br/> Per Share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Contractual<br/> Life<br/> Remaining<br/> in Years</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Aggregate<br/> Intrinsic<br/> Value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 52%">Outstanding as of December 31, 2025</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">500,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1.00</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">3.39</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">565,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Issued</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-204">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-205">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-206">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-207">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Exercised</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(102,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">1.00</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-208">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-209">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Outstanding as of March 31, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">398,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">1.00</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">3.14</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-210">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 0.15 0.05 0.15 16153055 2422958 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Options issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2026, and their activities during the year then ended are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted-</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted-</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Average</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Average</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number of</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Exercise</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Contractual</td><td style="font-weight: bold"> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Underlying<br/> Shares<br/> (post-split)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Price<br/> Per Share<br/> (post-split)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Life<br/> Remaining<br/> in Years</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Aggregate<br/> Intrinsic<br/> Value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 52%">Outstanding as of January 1, 2026</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">258,710</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">27.9</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">5.74</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-184">           -</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Granted</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-185">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-186">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-187">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Forfeited</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-188">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-189">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-190">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Outstanding as of March 31, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">258,710</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">27.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">5.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-191">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Exercisable as of March 31, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">258,710</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">27.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">5.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-192">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Vested and expected to vest</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">258,710</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">27.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">5.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-193">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 258710 27.9 P5Y8M26D 258710 27.9 P5Y6M 258710 27.9 P5Y6M 258710 27.9 P5Y6M <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Warrants issued and outstanding in connection with Shuling land transaction (See Note 5) as of March 31, 2026, and their activities during the year ended are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Number of<br/> Underlying<br/> Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Exercise<br/> Price<br/> Per Share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Contractual<br/> Life<br/> Remaining<br/> in Years</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Aggregate<br/> Intrinsic<br/> Value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 52%">Outstanding as of January 1, 2026</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,000,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">2.50</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">4.54</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-194">-</div></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Issued</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-195">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-196">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-197">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-198">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Exercised</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-199">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-200">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-201">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-202">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Outstanding as of March 31, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,000,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">2.50</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">4.29</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-203">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Warrants issued and outstanding in connection with Lind convertible notes (See Note 12) as of March 31, 2026, and their activities during the three months ended are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Number of<br/> Underlying<br/> Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Exercise<br/> Price<br/> Per Share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Contractual<br/> Life<br/> Remaining<br/> in Years</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Aggregate<br/> Intrinsic<br/> Value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 52%">Outstanding as of December 31, 2025</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">500,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1.00</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">3.39</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">565,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td>Issued</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-204">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-205">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-206">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-207">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Exercised</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(102,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">1.00</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-208">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-209">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Outstanding as of March 31, 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"> </td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">398,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">1.00</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">3.14</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-210">-</div></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> 1000000 2.5 P4Y6M14D 1000000 2.5 P4Y3M14D P5Y 529167 10.5 3.5 P5Y 1000000 2 480795 P5Y 1000000 2 1000000 0.75 1000000 529167 470833 0.75 1000000 1 925210 1000000 1000000 1029167 0.75 0.4 500000 102000 1 398000 83567 216251 500000 1 P3Y4M20D 565000 102000 1 398000 1 P3Y1M20D <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>14. LEASE</b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company adopted ASC 842 on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach and elected the transition practical expedient not to restate comparative periods. In applying the standard, the Company elected several practical expedients, including not reassessing whether existing or expired contracts contained leases, not reassessing prior lease classifications or initial direct costs, using hindsight when evaluating lease terms and potential impairments, and not reevaluating pre-existing land easements accounted for under ASC 840. The Company also elected the short-term lease exemption and generally accounts for lease and non-lease components separately.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under ASC 842, the Company recognizes right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and corresponding lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets represent the right to use the underlying leased assets over the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the present value of future minimum lease payments. Because most leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at lease commencement to measure lease liabilities. Future minimum lease payments primarily include fixed base rent obligations.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company recognized lease liabilities, with corresponding ROU assets, based on the present value of unpaid lease payments for existing operating leases longer than twelve months. The ROU assets were adjusted per ASC 842 transition guidance for existing lease-related balances of accrued and prepaid rent, unamortized lease incentives provided by lessors, and restructuring liabilities. Operating lease cost is recognized as a single lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses. Variable lease payments for common area maintenance, property taxes and other operating expenses are recognized as expense in the period when the changes in facts and circumstances on which the variable lease payments are based occur.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company has <span style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-212">no</span> finance leases. The Company’s leases primarily include various office and laboratory spaces, copy machine, and vehicles under various operating lease arrangements. The Company’s operating leases have remaining lease terms of up to approximately five years.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br/> 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December 31,<br/> 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold">ASSETS</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Operating lease right-of-use assets</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,826,905</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,913,278</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold">LIABILITIES</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities (current)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">332,252</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">317,557</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities (non-current)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,510,943</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,600,747</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Supplemental Information</i></b></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following provides details of the Company’s lease expenses:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Operating lease expenses</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">145,134</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">117,166</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Other information related to leases is presented below:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">38,846</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">117,166</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Stock paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">106,287</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-211">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br/> 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December 31, <br/> 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Operating leases</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">4.82 years</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">5.01 years</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Weighted Average Discount Rate:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Operating leases</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">7.25</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">7.11</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The minimum future annual payments under non-cancellable leases during the next five years and thereafter, at rates now in force, are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Operating<br/> leases</b></span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td style="width: 89%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">2026 (Excluding current period)</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">$</span></td> <td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">332,767</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">2027</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">442,115</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">2028</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">447,110</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">2029</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">459,067</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">2030</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">422,821</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Thereafter</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">70,815</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Total future minimum lease payments, undiscounted</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">2,174,695</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Less: Imputed interest</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(331,500</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Present value of future minimum lease payments</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double"><span style="font-size: 10pt">$</span></td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,843,195</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td></tr> </table> The Company’s operating leases have remaining lease terms of up to approximately five years.<table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br/> 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December 31,<br/> 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="font-weight: bold">ASSETS</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Operating lease right-of-use assets</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,826,905</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,913,278</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="font-weight: bold">LIABILITIES</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities (current)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">332,252</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">317,557</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities (non-current)</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,510,943</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">1,600,747</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following provides details of the Company’s lease expenses:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Operating lease expenses</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">145,134</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">117,166</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Other information related to leases is presented below:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br/> March 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">38,846</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">117,166</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Stock paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">106,287</td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden: hidden-fact-211">-</div></td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> </table><table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br/> 2026</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December 31, <br/> 2025</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td>Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term:</td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td> </td> <td colspan="2"> </td><td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Operating leases</td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">4.82 years</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">5.01 years</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"> <td>Weighted Average Discount Rate:</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right"> </td><td style="text-align: left"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; "> <td style="text-align: left">Operating leases</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">7.25</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td> </td> <td style="text-align: left"> </td><td style="text-align: right">7.11</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr> </table> 1826905 1913278 332252 317557 1510943 1600747 145134 117166 38846 117166 106287 P4Y9M25D P5Y3D 0.0725 0.0711 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The minimum future annual payments under non-cancellable leases during the next five years and thereafter, at rates now in force, are as follows:</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;"> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="text-align: center"> </td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Operating<br/> leases</b></span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td style="width: 89%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">2026 (Excluding current period)</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td> <td style="width: 1%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">$</span></td> <td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">332,767</span></td> <td style="width: 1%"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">2027</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">442,115</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">2028</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">447,110</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">2029</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">459,067</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">2030</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">422,821</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Thereafter</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">70,815</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Total future minimum lease payments, undiscounted</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">2,174,695</span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom"> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Less: Imputed interest</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">(331,500</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Present value of future minimum lease payments</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double"><span style="font-size: 10pt">$</span></td> <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,843,195</span></td> <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"> </td></tr> </table> 332767 442115 447110 459067 422821 70815 2174695 331500 1843195 <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES</b> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In the ordinary course of business, the Company may be subject to legal proceedings regarding contractual and employment relationships and a variety of other matters. The Company records contingent liabilities resulting from such claims, when a loss is assessed to be probable, and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. In the opinion of management, there were no pending or threatened claims and litigation as of March 31, 2026 and up through the date of the consolidated financial statements was available to the issued.</p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS</b> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> </p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On April 15, 2026, the Company issued 45,351 shares to an investor for an aggregate amount of $63,492, which was subscribed stock as of March 31, 2026. The price at which the Shares were sold at $1.40 per share.</p> 45351 63492 1.4 false false false false false false 0001173313 false Q1 --12-31 This company was acquired by Canal Biotech Corporation Inc., and upon completion of the acquisition, the Company’s ownership percentage is determined to be 0.39% The Company’s stock is in the process of replacement with the stock of the acquired company and the ownership percentage is subject to change. BioFirst Corporation (the “BioFirst”): The Company holds an equity interest in BioFirst Corporation, accounting for its equity interest using the equity method to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (“ASC 323”). Equity method adjustments include the Company’s proportionate share of investee’s income or loss and other adjustments required by the equity method. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company owns 18.68% and 18.68% common stock shares of BioFirst, respectively. The Company made a prepayment for equity investment in BioFirst to purchase additional shares to be issued by BioFirst in the aggregate amount of $2,688,578, recorded as prepayment for long-term investments as of December 31, 2022. On July 19, 2023, the Company successfully completed the registration process for this investment. The initial prepayment was $1,895,556, which is a portion of the prepayment as of December 31, 2022, and was converted into 994,450 shares of BioFirst stock. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the amount of prepayment for long-term investments in Biofirst are both $1,124,842. Rgene Corporation (the “Rgene”) As described in Note 4, the Company acquired 26.65% of Rgene’s outstanding common shares since 2018 through multiple collaborative agreements, and has been accounting this equity investment with equity method as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (“ASC 323”). Equity method adjustments include the Company’s proportionate share of investee’s income or loss and other adjustments required by the equity method. Further, as disclosed in Note 10 Related Party Transactions, the Company entered a convertible loan agreement with Rgene in 2022 and has been working with Rgene to obtain approval for the Company to exercise the conversion from Department of Investment Review in Taiwan, a government agency reviews foreign investors conducting investment in Taiwan. In May 2024, the conversion request for the conversion was approved but the Company was not informed by Rgene until April 2025. The Company determined that the impact to the financial statements is immaterial and assumed the conversion was incurred on January 1, 2025. After the conversion, the Company owns 37% of outstanding shares of Rgene. ForSeeCon Eye Corporation (FEYE) FEYE is a private company registered in the British Virgin Islands, focusing on the field of diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders, with its main product of Vitargus. The Company granted FEYE certain licensed products in exchange for FEYE ownership. See Note 4 for the details of such transactions. In February 2026, The Company made a prepayment for equity investment in FEYE to purchase additional 136,000 shares to be issued by FEYE in the aggregate amount of $680,000, recorded as prepayment for long-term investments as of March 31, 2026. OncoX BioPharma, Inc. (OncoX) OncoX is a private company registered in the British Virgin Islands, focusing on oncology trials and drug development across Asia-Pacific. The Company granted OncoX certain licensed products in exchange for OncoX’s ownership. See Note 4 for the details of such transactions. Accrued research and development expense represents the amount due to outside contracted services for manufacturing and process development. On December 31, 2023, BioLite Taiwan entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst, with a principal amount of $337,707, which bears interest at 12% per annum for the use of working capital. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company entered into another loan agreement with BioFirst, with a principal amount of $347,883, which bears interest at 12% per annum for the use of working capital. In 2025, the Company entered several loan agreements with BioFirst, in the aggregate of $1,406,022. These loans bear 12% per annum, with the term of 12 months. During 2025, the Company also received around $203,026 repayment. The funds were used to support BioFirst’ daily operations. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the outstanding loan balance were $0 and $761,017, respectively; accrued interest was $0 and $212,839, respectively. All the outstanding principal and interests were collected in February 2026. The balance $165,014 represents the receivables for operating purpose. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company has other receivables amounted $2,310 and $2,347, respectively, from Rgene due to daily operations. The director paid certain operating expenses on behalf of the Company. On July 1, 2020, the Company entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst (Australia) for $361,487 to properly record R&D cost and tax refund allocation based on co-development contract executed on July 24, 2017. The loan was originally set to be mature on September 30, 2021 with an interest rate of 6.5% per annum, but on September 7, 2021, the Company entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst (Australia) for $67,873 to meet its new project needs. On July 27, 2021, the Company repaid a loan 249,975 to BioFirst (Australia). On December 1, 2021, the Company entered into a loan agreement with BioFirst (Australia) for $250,000 to increase the cost for upcoming projects. The loan will be matured on November 30, 2022 with an interest rate of 6.5% per annum. In 2022, the Company entered into several loan agreements with BioFirst (Australia) for a total amount of $507,000 to increase the cost for upcoming projects.  During the first quarter of 2023, the Company entered into several loan agreements with BioFirst (Australia) for a total amount of $88,091 to increase the cost for upcoming projects. During the second quarter of 2023, the Company entered into several loan agreements with BioFirst (Australia) for a total amount of $25,500 to increase the cost for upcoming projects. All the loans period was twelve months with an interest rate of 6.5% per annum. For accounting purpose, the due from and due to related party balances was being net off. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the outstanding loan balances and allocated research fee were both amounted to $681,185, and accrued interest balances were both amounted $158,798. The business conditions of BioFirst (Australia) deteriorated and, as a result, the Company recognized expected credit losses of $839,983 for the year ended December 31, 2023. The Company stopped accruing interest income recognizing such losses. On February 24, 2015, BioLite Taiwan and BioHopeKing Corporation (the “BHK”) entered into a co-development agreement, (the “BHK Co-Development Agreement”, see Note 4). The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and the Company. Under the term of the agreement, BioLite issued relevant development cost to BHK. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, due from BHK was both NTD 3,941,299 (approximately$123,363 and $120,210, respectively). The business conditions of BHK deteriorated and as a result, the Company recognized expected credit losses of NTD 3,941,299 as of December 31, 2024. No recovery was made during the three months ended March 31, 2026. Since 2019, the Jiangs advanced funds to the Company for working capital purposes. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the outstanding balance due to the Jiangs amounted to $277 and $300, respectively. These loans bear no interest and are due on demand. In addition, during year ended 2025, the Company purchased a piece of land in Taiwan from Shuling Jiang, as discussed in Note 5. Since 2018, the Company’s shareholders have advanced funds to the Company for working capital purposes. The advances bear interest rates around 12% per annum. As of December 31, 2025, the Company repaid all the principal. Interest expense in connection with these loans were $4,963 for the three months ended March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the funds received from ForSeeCon and OncoX were initially designated for their payments of licensing fees. Upon further review, management determined that these funds did not meet the fund-raising covenant requirements under licensing agreement. Accordingly, the Company will subsequently return these funds to ForSeeCon and OncoX. In January 2026, the Company returned the fund to ForSeeCon and OncoX, includes the tax effects of enactment of new tax laws and change in unrecognized tax benefits.