<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:019cb9b6-2e76-72f6-b84a-5b6e2f0ac44b,g:4296d50b-eb78-440a-b10a-4e4c92f2272e-->
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:imrx="http://immuneering.com/20260331" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://immuneering.com/20260331">
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2025/elts/srt-2025.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2025/elts/us-gaap-2025.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31/types.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2025/ecd-2025.xsd"/>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="imrx-20260331_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="imrx-20260331_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="imrx-20260331_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="imrx-20260331_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:roleType id="COVERPAGE" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/COVERPAGE">
        <link:definition>0000001 - Document - COVER PAGE</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETS" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETS">
        <link:definition>9952151 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETSParenthetical" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDBALANCESHEETSParenthetical">
        <link:definition>9952152 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFOPERATIONSANDCOMPREHENSIVELOSS" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFOPERATIONSANDCOMPREHENSIVELOSS">
        <link:definition>9952153 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFSTOCKHOLDERSEQUITY" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFSTOCKHOLDERSEQUITY">
        <link:definition>9952154 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS&#8217; EQUITY</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCASHFLOWS" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CONDENSEDCONSOLIDATEDSTATEMENTSOFCASHFLOWS">
        <link:definition>9952155 - Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OrganizationandNatureofBusiness" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/OrganizationandNatureofBusiness">
        <link:definition>9952156 - Disclosure - Organization and Nature of Business</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPolicies" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPolicies">
        <link:definition>9952157 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="MarketableSecurities" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/MarketableSecurities">
        <link:definition>9952158 - Disclosure - Marketable Securities</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurements" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/FairValueMeasurements">
        <link:definition>9952159 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="PropertyandEquipmentnet" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/PropertyandEquipmentnet">
        <link:definition>9952160 - Disclosure - Property and Equipment, net</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="AccruedExpenses" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/AccruedExpenses">
        <link:definition>9952161 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommonStock" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CommonStock">
        <link:definition>9952162 - Disclosure - Common Stock</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetLossPerShareAttributabletoCommonStockholders" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/NetLossPerShareAttributabletoCommonStockholders">
        <link:definition>9952163 - Disclosure - Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensation" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/StockBasedCompensation">
        <link:definition>9952164 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingencies" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CommitmentsandContingencies">
        <link:definition>9952165 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Segments" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/Segments">
        <link:definition>9952166 - Disclosure - Segments</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies">
        <link:definition>9955511 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="MarketableSecuritiesTables" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/MarketableSecuritiesTables">
        <link:definition>9955512 - Disclosure - Marketable Securities (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurementsTables" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables">
        <link:definition>9955513 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="PropertyandEquipmentnetTables" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/PropertyandEquipmentnetTables">
        <link:definition>9955514 - Disclosure - Property and Equipment, net (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="AccruedExpensesTables" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/AccruedExpensesTables">
        <link:definition>9955515 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetLossPerShareAttributabletoCommonStockholdersTables" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/NetLossPerShareAttributabletoCommonStockholdersTables">
        <link:definition>9955516 - Disclosure - Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensationTables" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/StockBasedCompensationTables">
        <link:definition>9955517 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingenciesTables" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CommitmentsandContingenciesTables">
        <link:definition>9955518 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SegmentsTables" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/SegmentsTables">
        <link:definition>9955519 - Disclosure - Segments (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OrganizationandNatureofBusinessDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/OrganizationandNatureofBusinessDetails">
        <link:definition>9955520 - Disclosure - Organization and Nature of Business (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955521 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="MarketableSecuritiesScheduleofMarketableSecuritiesDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/MarketableSecuritiesScheduleofMarketableSecuritiesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955522 - Disclosure - Marketable Securities - Schedule of Marketable Securities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="MarketableSecuritiesNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/MarketableSecuritiesNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>9955523 - Disclosure - Marketable Securities - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurementsScheduleofCashEquivalentsandMarketableSecuritiesDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsScheduleofCashEquivalentsandMarketableSecuritiesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955524 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurementsNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>9955525 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="PropertyandEquipmentnetScheduleofPropertyandEquipmentNetDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/PropertyandEquipmentnetScheduleofPropertyandEquipmentNetDetails">
        <link:definition>9955526 - Disclosure - Property and Equipment, net - Schedule of Property and Equipment, Net (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="PropertyandEquipmentnetNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/PropertyandEquipmentnetNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>9955527 - Disclosure - Property and Equipment, net - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="AccruedExpensesDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/AccruedExpensesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955528 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommonStockClassACommonStockDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CommonStockClassACommonStockDetails">
        <link:definition>9955529 - Disclosure - Common Stock - Class A Common Stock (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommonStockClassBCommonStockDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CommonStockClassBCommonStockDetails">
        <link:definition>9955530 - Disclosure - Common Stock - Class B Common Stock (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommonStockEquityOfferingsDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CommonStockEquityOfferingsDetails">
        <link:definition>9955531 - Disclosure - Common Stock - Equity Offerings (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetLossPerShareAttributabletoCommonStockholdersScheduleofBasicandDilutedNetLossPerShareAttributabletoCommonStockholdersDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/NetLossPerShareAttributabletoCommonStockholdersScheduleofBasicandDilutedNetLossPerShareAttributabletoCommonStockholdersDetails">
        <link:definition>9955532 - Disclosure - Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders - Schedule of Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="NetLossPerShareAttributabletoCommonStockholdersScheduleofAntidilutiveEffectDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/NetLossPerShareAttributabletoCommonStockholdersScheduleofAntidilutiveEffectDetails">
        <link:definition>9955533 - Disclosure - Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders - Schedule of Antidilutive Effect (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensationNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/StockBasedCompensationNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>9955534 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensationScheduleofAssumptionsinitsApplicationoftheBlackScholesOptionPricingModelforGrantsDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/StockBasedCompensationScheduleofAssumptionsinitsApplicationoftheBlackScholesOptionPricingModelforGrantsDetails">
        <link:definition>9955535 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Assumptions in its Application of the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model for Grants (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensationScheduleofStockOptionActivityDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/StockBasedCompensationScheduleofStockOptionActivityDetails">
        <link:definition>9955536 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Stock Option Activity (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockBasedCompensationScheduleofRecognizedSharebasedCompensationExpenseRecognizedDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/StockBasedCompensationScheduleofRecognizedSharebasedCompensationExpenseRecognizedDetails">
        <link:definition>9955537 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Recognized Share-based Compensation Expense Recognized (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingenciesNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CommitmentsandContingenciesNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>9955538 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingenciesScheduleofMaturitiesoftheLeaseLiabilitiesDueDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CommitmentsandContingenciesScheduleofMaturitiesoftheLeaseLiabilitiesDueDetails">
        <link:definition>9955539 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Maturities of the Lease Liabilities Due (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingenciesScheduleofMaturitiesoftheLeaseLiabilitiesDueDetails_1" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CommitmentsandContingenciesScheduleofMaturitiesoftheLeaseLiabilitiesDueDetails_1">
        <link:definition>9955539 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Maturities of the Lease Liabilities Due (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentsandContingenciesScheduleofQuantitativeInformationRegardingtheCompanysLeasesDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/CommitmentsandContingenciesScheduleofQuantitativeInformationRegardingtheCompanysLeasesDetails">
        <link:definition>9955540 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies - Schedule of Quantitative Information Regarding the Company's Leases (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SegmentsNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/SegmentsNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>9955541 - Disclosure - Segments - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SegmentsScheduleofSegmentReportingInformationbySegmentDetails" roleURI="http://immuneering.com/role/SegmentsScheduleofSegmentReportingInformationbySegmentDetails">
        <link:definition>9955542 - Disclosure - Segments - Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
    </xs:appinfo>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:element id="imrx_AtMarketOfferingMember" abstract="true" name="AtMarketOfferingMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_UnauditedInterimFinancialInformationPolicyPolicyTextBlock" abstract="false" name="UnauditedInterimFinancialInformationPolicyPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_CommonStockWarrantsPolicyTextBlock" abstract="false" name="CommonStockWarrantsPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_A2022ATMProgramMember" abstract="true" name="A2022ATMProgramMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_A2025ATMProgramMember" abstract="true" name="A2025ATMProgramMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_PreFundedWarrantsMember" abstract="true" name="PreFundedWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_PurchaseWarrantsMember" abstract="true" name="PurchaseWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_AventisInc.Member" abstract="true" name="AventisInc.Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_SaleOfStockMaximumPotentialConsiderationReceivableOnTransaction" abstract="false" name="SaleOfStockMaximumPotentialConsiderationReceivableOnTransaction" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_SaleOfStockEquityIssuanceCosts" abstract="false" name="SaleOfStockEquityIssuanceCosts" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_SalesOfStockValueIncreaseDecreaseInMaximumOffering" abstract="false" name="SalesOfStockValueIncreaseDecreaseInMaximumOffering" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_SaleOfStockMaximumNumberOfSharesIssuableInTransaction" abstract="false" name="SaleOfStockMaximumNumberOfSharesIssuableInTransaction" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_ShareUnfundedExercisePrice" abstract="false" name="ShareUnfundedExercisePrice" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_SalesOfStockSharesWithheldInLieuOfCashPayments" abstract="false" name="SalesOfStockSharesWithheldInLieuOfCashPayments" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_SaleOfStockAggregateConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" abstract="false" name="SaleOfStockAggregateConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_EquityDistributionAgreementMember" abstract="true" name="EquityDistributionAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_SandlerAndCoMember" abstract="true" name="SandlerAndCoMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_CurrentAssetsMember" abstract="true" name="CurrentAssetsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_NonCurrentMember" abstract="true" name="NonCurrentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_CreditLossRelatedToShortTermInvestments" abstract="false" name="CreditLossRelatedToShortTermInvestments" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_LabEquipmentMember" abstract="true" name="LabEquipmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_AccruedResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesCurrent" abstract="false" name="AccruedResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_NumberOfVotesEachShare" abstract="false" name="NumberOfVotesEachShare" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_EquityOfferingCombinedAggregateAmount" abstract="false" name="EquityOfferingCombinedAggregateAmount" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_EquityOfferingCombinedAggregateDateOfEffectivePeriod" abstract="false" name="EquityOfferingCombinedAggregateDateOfEffectivePeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_SalesOfStockCommissionRate" abstract="false" name="SalesOfStockCommissionRate" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_CommonStockAuthorizedAggregateGrossSalesProceedsRemaining" abstract="false" name="CommonStockAuthorizedAggregateGrossSalesProceedsRemaining" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_ClassOfWarrantOrRightIssued" abstract="false" name="ClassOfWarrantOrRightIssued" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedEPSAbstract" abstract="true" name="EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedEPSAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_StockIncentivePlan2015Member" abstract="true" name="StockIncentivePlan2015Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_TwoThousandTwentyOneIncentiveAwardPlanMember" abstract="true" name="TwoThousandTwentyOneIncentiveAwardPlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_TwoThousandTwentyOneEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember" abstract="true" name="TwoThousandTwentyOneEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_InducementAwardPlanMember" abstract="true" name="InducementAwardPlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_VestedRepricedOptionMember" abstract="true" name="VestedRepricedOptionMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_UnvestedRepricedOptionMember" abstract="true" name="UnvestedRepricedOptionMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_GeneralAndAdministrativeAndResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" abstract="true" name="GeneralAndAdministrativeAndResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_AggregateNumberOfSharesOutstanding" abstract="false" name="AggregateNumberOfSharesOutstanding" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsIntrinsicValueAbstract" abstract="true" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsIntrinsicValueAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_LeaseTerminationOnApril302032Member" abstract="true" name="LeaseTerminationOnApril302032Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_OfficeSpaceInCambridgeMassachusettsAndNewYorkNewYorkMember" abstract="true" name="OfficeSpaceInCambridgeMassachusettsAndNewYorkNewYorkMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_OfficeSpaceInCambridgeMassachusettsNewYorkMember" abstract="true" name="OfficeSpaceInCambridgeMassachusettsNewYorkMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_NoticePeriodForContractTermination" abstract="false" name="NoticePeriodForContractTermination" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityToBePaidAfterYearFour" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityToBePaidAfterYearFour" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_OperatingLeaseAdditionalInformationAbstract" abstract="true" name="OperatingLeaseAdditionalInformationAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_LeasePayments" abstract="false" name="LeasePayments" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_ReportableSegmentMember" abstract="true" name="ReportableSegmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_AtebimetinibIMM1104Member" abstract="true" name="AtebimetinibIMM1104Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_EnvometinibIMM6415Member" abstract="true" name="EnvometinibIMM6415Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_OtherProgramsMember" abstract="true" name="OtherProgramsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_ProgramExpenses" abstract="false" name="ProgramExpenses" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="imrx_NonProgramExpenses" abstract="false" name="NonProgramExpenses" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
