Note 4 – Patent Costs

As of March 31, 2026, our patent portfolio includes seven patent families. In the first family of Patents and patent applications owned solely by UIRF and exclusively licensed by Cardio, there are granted patents in the US (two), EU (subsequently validated in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Ireland and Hong Kong), China, Australia, India, and Japan and other pending patent applications. The Company also has pending patent applications in patent families two, three, four, five, six and seven. Legal fees associated with the patents totaled $929,586 and $873,182, net of accumulated amortization of $72,352 and $66,820 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively and are presented in the consolidated balance sheets as patent costs. Patents are amortized over their estimated useful lives of approximately 14 and 15 years, respectively. Amortization expense charged to operations was $5,532 and $41,438 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.