Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices [Abstract]

Principles of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, which include the wholly- foreign owned enterprise (“WFOE”) over which the Company exercises control and, when applicable, entities for which the Company has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. All transactions and balances among the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Reverse Acquisitions of China Rapid Finance by SOS

Reverse Acquisitions of China Rapid Finance by SOS

On May 18, 2020, the Company completed the reverse acquisition with Yong Bao Two Ltd. (“YBT”), the parent company of SOS Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“SOS”), acquiring 37,985,203 Class A ordinary shares, and 3,465,574 Class B ordinary shares, par value $0.193 per ordinary share, for its SOS’s asset injection and private placement transactions.

Following the completion of the acquisition, the operations of the Company were primarily comprised of the operations of SOS.

SOS was determined to be the accounting acquirer of the Company. As such, the historical financial statements are those of SOS, and SOS’s equity has been re-cast to reflect the equity structure of the Company and the shares of common stock received.

The reverse acquisition was accounted for as asset acquisitions. The purchase price for China Rapid Finance (“CRF”) was $9.7 million. The transaction price of CRF includes 100% of all outstanding stock valued at net $9.7 million. The stock exchanged equal to the 72,636,230 shares of CRF outstanding prior to the issuance of additional shares in the acquisition, at the market price of $0.133 per share. The total purchase price has been allocated based on an estimate of the fair value of CRF’s assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the remainder recorded as an expense.

On May 18, 2020, the fair value of the following assets and liabilities were acquired resulting in the total loss of approximately $5.7 million:

Dollars in thousands
Total Purchase Price	$	9,660
Net Assets Acquired:
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		13,664
Restricted cash		26,524
Accounts receivable		7,462
Inventories		8
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		110
Intangible assets		2,969
Other assets		2,682
Total Assets		53,419
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		(49,438	)
Total Liabilities		(49,438	)
Net Assets Acquired		3,981
Loss on Acquisition	$	5,679

On August 3, 2020, SOS Limited (the “Company,” previously known as China Rapid Finance Limited) and Hantu (Hangzhou) Asset Management Co., Ltd. (the “Purchaser”) entered into certain share purchase agreement (the “Disposition SPA”). Pursuant to the Disposition SPA, the Purchaser agreed to purchase CRF China Holding Co. Limited, a Hong Kong limited company (“CRF China”), China Capital Financial LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“China Capital”), CRF China Limited, a British Virgin Islands company (“CRF BVI”), CRF Technology LLC, a California limited liability company (“CRF Technology”), and HML China LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“HML”) (collectively, the “Subsidiaries”) in exchange for cash consideration of $3.5 million (the “Purchase Price”). Upon the closing of the transaction (the “Disposition”) contemplated by the Disposition SPA, the Purchaser will become the sole shareholder of the Subsidiaries and as a result, assume all assets and liabilities of all the subsidiaries and variable interest entities owned or controlled by the Subsidiaries.

On August 3, 2020, the fair value of the following assets and liabilities were disposed of resulting in the total gain of approximately $0.063 million:

Dollars in thousands
Total Selling Price	$	3,500
Net Assets Disposed:

Total Assets		53,654
Total Liabilities		(50,217	)
Net Assets Disposed		3,437
Income from disposal of discontinued operations	$	63

Loss on discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 was as follows:

Dollars in thousands
Revenue	$	453
Expenses		(998	)
Loss on discontinued operations	$	(545	)

On November 2, 2022, the fair value of the following assets and liabilities were disposed of resulting in the total loss of approximately $0.8 million:

Dollars in thousands
Total Selling Price	$	17,000
Net Assets Disposed:

Total Assets		110,201
Total Liabilities		(94,012	)
Net Assets Disposed		16,189
Income from disposal of discontinued operations	$	811

Loss on discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 was as follows:

Dollars in thousands
Revenue	$	81,977
Expenses		(83,049	)
Loss on discontinued operations	$	(1,072	)

Disposal loss from selling off insurance marketing business segment

Pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of November 2, 2022 by and among (i) S International Holdings Limited, a Cayman Islands exempt company (the “Purchaser”), (ii) S International Group Limited, a British Virgin Islands company (the “Company”), and (iii) SOS Limited, a Cayman Islands exempt company (“SOS” or the “Seller” of disposed asset group in insurance marketing). The Purchaser, the Company and the Seller are sometimes referred to herein individually as a “Party” and, collectively, as the “Parties”.

As at the date hereof, (i) SOS owns 100% of the issued shares in the Company, the Company owns 100% of the issued shares in S International Holdings Limited (“S International HK”), S International HK owns 100% of the issued shares in Qingdao S Investment Holding Limited (“WFOE”), and WFOE controls Qingdao SOS Industrial Holding Co., Ltd. through a series of contractual agreements with the Company and the shareholders of the Company dated November 2, 2022 (the “VIE Agreements”); and (ii) Qingdao SOS Industrial Holding Co., Ltd owns 100% of the equity interests in each of SOS Information Technology Co., Ltd. and Qingdao SOS Digital Technologies Inc.;

The Seller desires to sell to the Purchaser, and the Purchaser desire to purchase from the Seller, all of the Purchased Shares (as hereinafter defined) in exchange for US$ 17.0 million (the “Purchase Price”), subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein (the “Transaction”).

Dollars in thousands
Total Purchase Price	17,000
Net Assets Acquired:
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	4,942
Accounts receivable	2,509
Inventories	16,424
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	82,660
Fixed assets	3,059
Long term investment	607
Total assets	110,201
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(94,644	)
Tax recovery	972
Leasing liabilities	(1,774	)
Total Liabilities	(95,446	)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	1,434
Net Assets Sold:	16,189
Gain on disposal	811

Foreign currency translation and transaction

Foreign currency translation and transaction

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The Company in China conducts its businesses in the local currency, Renminbi (RMB), as its functional currency. Assets and liabilities are translated at the unified exchange rate as quoted by the People’s Bank of China at the end of the period. The statement of income accounts is translated at the average translation rates and the equity accounts are translated at historical rates. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are included in accumulated other comprehensive income. Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred.

Translation adjustments included in accumulated other comprehensive loss amounted to $21,304,430 and $28,511,734, as of December 31, 2025, 2024, respectively. The balance sheet amounts, with the exception of shareholders’ equity at December 31, 2024, 2023 were translated at 7.2993, 7.0999 RMB, respectively. The shareholders’ equity accounts were stated at their historical rate. The average translation rates applied to statement of income accounts for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 were 7.1875 RMB, 7.1957 RMB and 7.0809 RMB to $1.00, respectively. Cash flows are also translated at average translation rates for the periods, therefore, amounts reported on the statement of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the consolidated balance sheet.

Derivative Instruments and Trading Activities

Derivative Instruments and Trading Activities

The Company engages in futures trading activities through accounts held with a licensed futures broker. These activities are classified as trading activities and are not designated as hedging instruments.

Funds held in futures trading accounts primarily represent margin deposits and settlement balances and are not classified as cash and cash equivalents due to their restricted nature and exposure to market risk.

The Company accounts for its futures contracts as derivative instruments in accordance with applicable accounting guidance. Derivatives are recognized as either assets or liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets and are measured at fair value.

Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments, including both realized and unrealized gains and losses, are recognized in earnings in the period in which they arise.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company held open futures positions with associated margin deposits. The Company recorded realized and unrealized gains and losses related to these activities in the consolidated statements of operations.

Other receivables and prepayments

Other receivables and prepayments

Other receivables and prepayments include advances to suppliers, deposits, loans to third parties and employees, and other non-trade receivables arising from the Company’s operations.

Prepayments primarily represent amounts advanced to suppliers in connection with commodity trading transactions and are expected to be settled through delivery of goods or services.

Other receivables include, among others, loan receivables, refundable deposits, advances, and other non-operating receivables.

The Company evaluates the classification of balances based on the underlying nature of the transaction, including whether amounts represent prepayments for goods or services, financing arrangements, or other receivable balances.

Allowance for credit losses

The Company recognizes an allowance for expected credit losses on other receivables and certain prepayments where recovery is uncertain. The allowance is determined based on:

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aging of balances;

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historical collection experience;

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specific identification of high-risk balances;

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counterparty creditworthiness;

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existence of supporting agreements and collateral;

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subsequent settlement or recovery;

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macroeconomic and industry conditions.

For certain balances, particularly long-outstanding advances or loans, the Company applies a specific assessment approach, whereby additional allowance is recognized based on management’s assessment of expected recoverability.

Balances deemed uncollectible are written off against the allowance when all reasonable collection efforts have been exhausted.

Property, plant and equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives are as follows:

Category	Depreciation method	Estimated useful lives
Office equipment, fixtures and furniture	Straight-line	5 years
Mining equipment	Straight-line	3-5 years
Computer	Straight-line	3 years
Motor vehicles	Straight-line	5 years

The cost and accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to earnings as incurred, while additions, renewals and betterments, which are expected to extend the useful life of assets, are capitalized. The Company also re-evaluates the periods of depreciation to determine whether subsequent events and circumstances warrant revised estimates of useful lives.

Digital asset mining

Digital asset mining

The Company has entered into digital asset mining pools by executing contracts with the mining pool operators to provide computing power to the mining pool. The contracts are terminable at any time by either party and the Company’s enforceable right to compensation only begins when the Company provides computing power to the mining pool operator. In exchange for providing computing power, the Company is entitled to a fractional share of the fixed digital assets award the mining pool operator receives, for successfully adding a block to the blockchain. The Company’s fractional share is based on the proportion of computing power the Company contributed to the mining pool operator to the total computing power contributed by all mining pool participants in solving the current algorithm.

Providing computing power in digital asset transaction verification services is an output of the Company’s ordinary activities. The provision of such computing power is the only performance obligation in the Company’s contracts with mining pool operators. The transaction consideration the Company receives, if any, is noncash consideration, which the Company measures at fair value on the date received, which is not materially different than the fair value at contract inception or the time the Company has earned the award from the pools. The consideration is all variable. Because it is not probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue will not occur, the consideration is constrained until the mining pool operator successfully places a block (by being the first to solve an algorithm) and the Company receives confirmation of the consideration it will receive, at which time revenue is recognized. There is no significant financing component in these transactions.

The Company participates in digital asset mining activities by providing computing power to mining pool operators in exchange for digital asset rewards.

These arrangements are accounted for as contracts with customers under ASC 606. The Company has a single performance obligation, which is to provide computing power to the mining pool operator.

The performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time when the mining pool operator successfully validates a block and the Company becomes entitled to its share of the reward.

The consideration received is noncash and is measured at fair value at the time control of the digital assets is transferred to the Company. The transaction price is variable and is constrained until it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue will not occur, which is generally when the reward is confirmed by the mining pool operator.

Revenue is recognized at that point in time based on the fair value of the digital assets received.

The Company did not generate revenue from digital asset mining during the year ended December 31, 2025.

Impairment for long-lived assets

Impairment for long-lived assets

Long-lived assets, including property and equipment and intangible assets with finite lives are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable.

Such events or changes in circumstances include, but are not limited to:

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significant adverse changes in market conditions;

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declines in cryptocurrency prices;

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reduced mining output or utilization;

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technological obsolescence of mining equipment; and

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changes in the expected use of the assets.

The determination of impairment involves significant judgment and estimates, including assumptions related to future cash flows, expected utilization of assets, cryptocurrency market conditions, and discount rates.

The Company has recognized significant impairment losses on mining equipment and related infrastructure in prior periods and in the current year, reflecting changes in market conditions and expected economic benefits.

As disclosed in Note 8, impairment losses recognized during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $6.8 million, $nil and $4.5 million, respectively, primarily relating to cryptocurrency mining equipment.

Accounts Payable [Policy Text Block]

Accounts payable

Accounts payable primarily represent obligations arising from purchases of inventory, commodity trading goods, equipment, logistics services, and other operating expenditures incurred in the ordinary course of business.

Certain balances classified within accounts payable relate to advances received from customers in connection with commodity trading arrangements. Such balances primarily represent customer prepayments received prior to delivery of goods and are recognized as contract liabilities until the related performance obligations are satisfied in accordance with ASC 606.

The Company’s trading activities may also involve advances paid to suppliers and settlement arrangements associated with commodity transactions. Management evaluates the nature and classification of balances based on the underlying contractual arrangements and transaction substance.

Accounts payable are initially recognized at the invoiced amount and subsequently measured at amortized cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of the balances.

The Company periodically evaluates long-outstanding balances to assess:

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commercial substance;

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legal enforceability;

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settlement expectations;

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related-party considerations; and

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whether reclassification or additional disclosure is required.

The determination of appropriate classification and settlement assessment involves management judgment, particularly for balances arising from commodity trading arrangements and long-outstanding transactions.

Fair value measurement of digital assets

Fair value measurement of digital assets

Effective January 1, 2025, the Company adopted ASU 2023-08, Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets, which requires qualifying crypto assets to be subsequently measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.

The Company’s digital assets consist primarily of Bitcoin (“BTC”) and Ethereum (“ETH”). Digital assets are measured at fair value at each reporting date using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and are classified as Level 1 fair value measurements under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company held approximately: 802.77 units of BTC with a fair value of approximately $70.3 million; and 2,949.79 units of ETH with a fair value of approximately $8.8 million.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company recognized net unrealized fair value losses on digital assets of approximately $6.7 million in earnings.

Prior to adoption of ASU 2023-08, digital assets were accounted for as indefinite-lived intangible assets under ASC 350 and measured at cost less impairment.

Operating lease

Operating lease

We adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), or ASC 842, from January 1, 2020. We determine if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at lease inception. For operating leases, we recognize a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term on the consolidated balance sheets at commencement date. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we estimate our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments, and in economic environments where the leased asset is located. The ROU assets also include any lease payments made, net of lease incentives. Lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Our leases often include options to extend and lease terms include such extended terms when we are reasonably certain to exercise those options. Lease terms also include periods covered by options to terminate the leases when we are reasonably certain not to exercise those options.

Income taxes

Income taxes

The Company accounts for current income taxes in accordance with the laws of the relevant tax authorities. The charge for taxation is based on the results for the fiscal year as adjusted for items, which are non-assessable or disallowed. It is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method in respect of temporary differences arising from differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax basis used in the computation of assessable tax profit. In principle, deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilized. Deferred tax is calculated using tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it is related to items credited or charged directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant taxing authorities.

Losses per share

Losses per share

The Company computes losses per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share”. ASC 260 requires companies to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average ordinary share outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of the potential ordinary shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential ordinary shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, there are 16,170,320, 3,034,821 and 906,423 dilutive shares, respectively.

Employee benefits

Employee benefits

The full-time employees of the Company are entitled to staff welfare benefits including medical care, housing fund, pension benefits, unemployment insurance and other welfare, which are government mandated defined contribution plans by law. The Company is required to accrue for these benefits based on certain percentages of the employees’ respective salaries, subject to certain ceilings, in accordance with the relevant PRC regulations, and make cash contributions to the state-sponsored plans out of the amounts accrued.

Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Effective

Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Effective

Income Taxes (Topic 740)

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU No. 2023-09 requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as additional information on income taxes paid. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect to adopt ASU No. 2023-09 early and is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this standard on its consolidated financial statements.