BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2026

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation

The significant accounting policies of our Company, which are summarized below, are consistent with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and reflect practices appropriate to the business in which we operate. Unless indicated otherwise, the information in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements relates to our operations.

We have prepared the accompanying financial data for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The interim results for the period ended March 31, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected through December 31, 2026. All intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated upon consolidation. The accompanying financial data and information should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 (“2025 Annual Report”). The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2025 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements contain all normal and recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, and for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

Going Concern and Nasdaq Continued Listing Requirements Compliance

Due to our financial performance as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, including net losses of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and $1.0 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, and cash provided by operating activities of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and cash used in operating activities of $1.4 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, we determined that substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern continues to exist at March 31, 2026. As a result of restructuring actions and initiatives, we have tailored our operating expenses to be more in line with our expected sales volumes; however, we continue to incur losses and have a substantial accumulated deficit.

In addition, on April 3, 2026, the Company entered into agreements related to a joint venture investment in Japan under which its total expected investment commitment for a 35% ownership interest is approximately $1.1 million. As of May 12, 2026, the Company has invested approximately $535 thousand toward this commitment, with the remaining balance of approximately $565 thousand expected to be funded during project development. This expected funding requirement may further heighten the Company’s near-term liquidity needs and reinforces the importance of obtaining additional capital and executing its operating plans.

Additionally, global supply chain and logistics constraints and the ongoing evolution of international trade policies are impacting our inventory purchasing strategy, as we seek to manage both shortages of available components and longer lead times in obtaining components while pursuing cost-effectiveness measures to enhance profitability. As a result, we will continue to review and pursue selected external funding sources to ensure adequate financial resources to execute across the timelines required to achieve these objectives including, but not limited to, the following:

•obtaining financing from traditional or non-traditional investment capital organizations or individuals;

•obtaining funding from the sale of our common stock or other equity or debt instruments; and

•obtaining debt financing with lending terms that more closely match our business model and capital needs.

There can be no assurance that we will obtain funding on acceptable terms, in a timely fashion, or at all. Obtaining additional funding contains risks, including:

•additional equity financing may not be available to us on satisfactory terms, particularly in light of the current price of our common stock, and any equity we are able to issue could lead to dilution for current stockholders and have rights, preferences and privileges senior to our common stock;

•loans or other debt instruments may have terms or conditions, such as interest rate, restrictive covenants, conversion features, refinancing demands, and control or revocation provisions, which are not acceptable to management or the Company’s Board of Directors; and

•the current environment in capital markets and volatile interest rates, combined with our capital constraints, may prevent us from being able to obtain adequate debt financing.

Considering both quantitative and qualitative information, we continue to pursue plans to ensure adequate external funding, timely re-organizational actions, management of our current financial position and liquid resources, obligations due or anticipated within the next year, development and implementation of an excess inventory reduction plan, plans and initiatives in our research and development, product development and sales and marketing, and development of potential channel partnerships. However, because these plans depend on future events and circumstances that are not entirely within our control, they cannot be considered probable of effectively mitigating the substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts in our financial statements and accompanying notes. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions believed to be reasonable. Although these estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions that may impact us in the future, actual results may vary from the estimates. Estimates include, but are not limited to, the establishment of credit losses allowance for accounts receivable, sales returns, inventory obsolescence and warranty claims, the useful lives of property and equipment, valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, and stock-based compensation. In addition, estimates and assumptions associated with the

determination of the fair value of financial instruments and evaluation of long-lived assets for impairment require considerable judgment. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material.

Revenue

Net sales include revenues from sales of products and shipping and handling charges, and net estimates for product returns. Revenue is measured at the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for the transferred products. We recognize revenue at the point in time when we transfer the promised products to the customer and the customer obtains control over the products. Distributors’ obligations to us are not contingent upon the resale of our products. We recognize revenue for shipping and handling charges at the time the goods are shipped to the customer, and the costs of outbound freight are included in cost of sales. We provide for product returns based on historical return rates. While we incur costs for sales commissions to our sales employees and outside agents, we recognize commission costs concurrent with the related revenue, as the amortization period is less than one year. We do not incur any other incremental costs to obtain contracts with our customers. Our product warranties are assurance-type warranties, which promise the customer that the products are as specified in the contract. Therefore, the product warranties are not a separate performance obligation and are accounted for as described below. Sales taxes assessed by governmental authorities and collected by us are accounted for on a net basis and are excluded from net sales.

We also generate revenue from services. Service revenue primarily consists of system configuration and setup services performed in connection with customer orders. These services are typically completed at or near the time of product shipment, are distinct from the related product sales and are accounted for as separate performance obligations, and revenue is recognized at a point in time when the service is rendered.

The following table provides a disaggregation of product and service net sales for the periods presented (in thousands):


	Three months ended March 31,
	2026		2025
Net sales:
Commercial products	$	318	$	203
MMM products	628		413
Setup service	3		—
Total net sales	$	949	$	616

Accounts Receivable

Our trade accounts receivable consists of amounts billed to and currently due from customers. In the normal course of business, we extend unsecured credit to our customers related to the sale of our products. Credit is extended to customers based on an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition and the amounts due are stated at their estimated net realizable value. We maintain allowances for sales returns and credit losses to provide for the estimated amount of accounts receivable that will not be collected. The Company has determined that accounts receivable fall within the scope of the Current Expected Credit Losses (“CECL”) analysis in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 326. The Company decided to use the historical loss rate method of valuing its reserve for trade receivables. The reserve for credit losses is reviewed and assessed for adequacy on a quarterly basis. We take into consideration (1) any circumstances of which we are aware of a customer's inability to meet its financial obligations and (2) our judgments as to prevailing economic conditions in the industry and their impact on our customers. The Company has elected the practical expedient in Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2025‑05 to assume that current economic conditions as of the balance sheet date remain unchanged over the remaining life of current trade accounts receivable when developing reasonable and supportable forecasts of expected credit losses. If circumstances change, and the financial condition of our customers is adversely

affected and they are unable to meet their financial obligations, we may need to take additional allowances, which would result in an increase in our operating expenses. We do not generally require collateral from our customers.

Our standard payment terms with customers are net 30 days to 90 days from the date of shipment, and we do not generally offer extended payment terms to our customers, but exceptions are made in some cases for major customers or with particular orders. Accordingly, we do not adjust trade accounts receivable for the effects of financing, as we expect the period between the transfer of product to the customer and the receipt of payment from the customer to be in line with our standard payment terms.

Pursuant to ASC 606, Revenue Recognition, contract assets and contract liabilities as of the beginning and ending of the reporting periods must be disclosed. Below is the breakout of the Company’s contract assets for such periods (in thousands):



	March 31, 2026		December 31, 2025		January 01, 2025
Gross Accounts Receivable	$	504	$	559	$	819
Less: Allowance for Credit Losses	(17)		(33)		(15)
Net Accounts Receivable	$	487	$	526	$	804

Activity related to our allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 was as follows (in thousands):


Allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2025	$	(33)
Reduction of reserve for credit losses as of March 31, 2026	16
Allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2026	$	(17)


Allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2024	$	(15)
Reduction of reserve for credit losses as of March 31, 2025	2
Allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2025	$	(13)

Geographic information

All of our long-lived fixed assets are located in the United States. For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, approximately 100% of sales was attributable to customers in the United States, respectively. The geographic location of our net sales is derived from the destination to which we ship the product.

Net loss per share

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, excluding the effects of any potentially dilutive securities. Diluted loss per share gives effect to all dilutive potential shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Dilutive potential shares of common stock consist of incremental shares upon the exercise of stock options, warrants and convertible securities, unless the effect would be anti-dilutive.

The following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted loss per share computations (in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Three months ended March 31,
	2026		2025
Numerator:
Net loss	$	(140)	$	(268)

Denominator:
Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	6,248		5,266

As a result of the net loss we incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, convertible preferred stock representing approximately 25 thousand shares of common stock were excluded from the basic and diluted loss per share calculation because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

Product warranties

We warrant our products and controls for periods generally ranging from one to ten years, depending on product type and customer application. One product was sold in 2020 with a twenty-year warranty. Warranty settlement costs consist of actual amounts expensed for warranty, which are largely a result of the cost of replacement products or rework services provided to our customers. A liability for the estimated future costs under product warranties is maintained for products under warranty based on the actual claims incurred to date and the estimated nature, frequency, and costs of future claims. These estimates are inherently uncertain and changes to our historical or projected experience may cause material changes to our warranty reserves in the future. We continuously review the assumptions related to the adequacy of our warranty reserve, including product failure rates, and make adjustments to the existing warranty liability when there are changes to these estimates or the underlying replacement costs, or the warranty period expires.

The following table summarizes warranty activity for the periods presented (in thousands):


	Three months ended March 31,
		2026		2025
Balance at beginning of period		$	91	$	118
Warranty accruals for current period sales		—		1
Adjustments to existing warranty reserves		(29)		(34)
Accrued warranty reserve at end of period		$	62	$	85

Foreign Currency Transactions

The functional currency of the Company and its Taiwan branch is the U.S. dollar.

Transactions denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are remeasured into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the time of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are remeasured at period-end exchange rates. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recognized in earnings in the period in which they arise and are included in operating expenses, net, depending on the nature of the underlying transaction.

The Company recorded foreign currency transaction losses of approximately $8 thousand and $0 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, which are included as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses within the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Financial Instruments

Fair Value Measurements

The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, giving the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below. We classify the inputs used to measure fair value into the following hierarchy:


Level 1			Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2			Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, or unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.
Level 3			Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

The carrying amounts of certain financial instruments including cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. In determining the appropriate levels, we perform a detailed analysis of the assets and liabilities whose fair value is measured on a recurring basis. We review and reassess the fair value hierarchy classifications on a quarterly basis. Changes from one quarter to the next related to the observability of inputs in a fair value measurement may result in a reclassification between fair value hierarchy levels. There were no reclassifications for all periods presented.

Certain risks and concentrations

We have certain customers whose net sales individually represented 10% or more of our total net sales, or whose net trade accounts receivable balance individually represented 10% or more of our total net trade accounts receivable; we have certain suppliers, which individually represent 10% or more of our total purchases, or whose trade accounts payable balance individually represented 10% or more of our total trade accounts payable balance, as follows:

Total net sales were concentrated among a few customers for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 as follows:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2026		2025
Customer A	16.3	%	19.0	%
Customer B	16.9	%	27.2	%
Customer C	15.8	%	24.1	%
Customer D	14.1	%	—	%

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, our trade accounts receivables were concentrated among a few customers as follows:


	As of March 31, 2026		As of December 31, 2025
Customer A	20.9	%	—	%
Customer B	—	%	15.9	%
Customer C	23.9	%	—	%
Customer D	—	%	12.0	%
Customer E (located in Taiwan)	—	%	21.7	%
Customer F	—	%	19.5	%
Customer G	14.4	%	—	%

We require substantial amounts of purchased materials from selected vendors. We may purchase some specific materials from a single vendor. The availability and costs of materials may be subject to change due to, among other things, new laws or regulations, suppliers’ allocation to other purchasers, interruptions in production by suppliers, and changes in exchange rates, tariff and worldwide price and demand levels. Our inability to obtain adequate supplies of materials for our products at favorable prices could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, or results of operations by decreasing our profit margins and by hindering our ability to deliver products to our customers on a timely basis. Additionally, certain vendors require advance deposits prior to the fulfillment of orders. Deposits paid on unfulfilled orders totaled $15 thousand and $3 thousand on March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

We have certain vendors who individually represented 10% or more of our total expenditures, or whose net trade accounts payable balance individually represented 10% or more of our total net trade accounts payable.

Total expenditures were concentrated among a few suppliers for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 as follows:


	Three months ended March 31,
	2026		2025
Suppliers A	—	%	20.6	%
Supplier C, related parties*	55.6	%	—	%
Suppliers D and E, related parties*	21.7	%	18.1	%

* See Note 11 “Related Party Transactions”

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, our trade accounts payable were concentrated among a few suppliers as follows:


	As of March 31, 2026		As of December 31, 2025
Supplier B	—	%	10.8	%
Supplier C, related parties*	80.2	%	—	%
Suppliers D and E, related parties*	8.8	%	70.9	%

* See Note 11 “Related Party Transactions”

Recently issued accounting standards

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The standard requires public business entities to disclose additional disaggregated information about certain income statement expense captions, including the nature of expenses such as employee compensation, depreciation, and other significant expense categories. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and may be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Recently adopted accounting standards

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets. The amendments provide a practical expedient for estimating expected credit losses for certain current accounts receivable and contract assets arising from revenue transactions. The Company adopted this standard as of January 1, 2026, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Other accounting standards that have been issued by FASB that do not require adoption until a future date, other than ASU 2024-03, are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption. We do not discuss recent standards that are not anticipated to have an impact on or are unrelated to our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.