Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
3 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
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Mar. 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||
| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | ||||||||||||||||
| Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Areas where significant estimates exist include, but are not limited to, research and development costs incurred, effective interest expense related to the Royalty Purchase Agreement (see Note 13 – “Royalty Purchase Agreement” for additional information), and the fair value of the derivative liability related to the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”) (see Note 8 – “Derivative Liability” for additional information). |
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents are held in banks or in custodial accounts with banks. Cash equivalents are defined as all liquid investments and money market funds with maturity from date of purchase of 90 days or less that are readily convertible into cash. |
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| Marketable Securities | Marketable Securities The Company accounts for its marketable securities with remaining maturities of less than one year, or where its intent is to use the investments to fund current operations or to make them available for current operations, as short-term investments. These investments represent debt investments in corporate or government securities that are designated as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in stockholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income. The disclosed fair value related to the Company’s investments is based on market prices from a variety of industry standard data providers and generally represent quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or have been derived from observable market data. |
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| Strategic Investments | Strategic Investments Management had made investments in certain companies and assessed whether the Company exerted significant influence over its strategic investments. The Company considered the nature and magnitude of its investment, any voting and protective rights it held, any participation in the governance of the other company, and other relevant factors such as the presence of a collaboration or other business relationships. To date, the Company has concluded that it did not have the ability to exercise significant influence over its strategic investments. As of December 31, 2025, the Company’s strategic investments consisted of preferred shares of Vivasure Medical Limited (“Vivasure”), a privately-held company and related party. The investments in Vivasure did not have readily determinable fair values and were recorded at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. Additionally, as the investments in Vivasure were not readily marketable, the Company categorized the investments as non-current assets. As of December 31, 2025, the carrying value of the investments in Vivasure was $2.5 million. On January 9, 2026, Haemonetics Corporation, a global medical technology company focused on delivering innovative solutions designed to improve patient outcomes, announced its acquisition of Vivasure. As a result, the Company recognized a gain of $2.2 million on the sale of strategic investments during the three months ended March 31, 2026 (see Note 5 – “Marketable Securities and Strategic Investments” for additional information). |
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| Fair Value of Financial Instruments | Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company applies ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), which establishes a framework for measuring fair value and clarifies the definition of fair value within that framework. ASC 820 defines fair value as an exit price, which is the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the Company’s principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820 generally requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity. Unobservable inputs reflect the entity’s own assumptions based on market data and the entity’s judgments about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are to be developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The carrying value of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expense, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these financial instruments. In addition, the Company records its investment in marketable securities at fair value. See Note 4 – “Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements” for additional information regarding fair value measurements. For additional information on the fair value measurements performed related to the derivative liability, see Note 8 – “Derivative Liability.” The valuation hierarchy is composed of three levels. The classification within the valuation hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels within the valuation hierarchy are described below: Level 1 — Assets and liabilities with unadjusted, quoted prices listed on active market exchanges. Inputs to the fair value measurement are observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 — Inputs to the fair value measurement are determined using prices for recently traded assets and liabilities with similar underlying terms, as well as direct or indirect observable inputs, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Level 3 — Inputs to the fair value measurement are unobservable inputs, such as estimates, assumptions, and valuation techniques when little or no market data exists for the assets or liabilities. |
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| Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Accounts receivable represent amounts due from customers. The allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded for estimated losses by evaluating various factors, including relative creditworthiness of each customer, historical collections experience and aging of the receivable. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, an allowance for doubtful accounts was not deemed necessary. |
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| Inventory | Inventory Inventory is stated at the lower of standard cost (which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis) and net realizable value. Net realizable value represents the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. The Company analyzes its inventory levels and writes down inventory that has become obsolete or has a cost basis in excess of its expected net realizable value or inventory quantities in excess of expected requirements. Excess requirements are determined based on comparison of existing inventories to forecasted sales, with consideration given to inventory shelf life. Expired inventory is disposed of, and the related costs are recognized in cost of goods sold. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, an impairment charge as a result of obsolete inventory was not deemed necessary. |
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| Research and Development Prepayments, Accruals and Related Expenses | Research and Development Prepayments, Accruals and Related Expenses The Company incurs costs of research and development activities conducted by its third-party service providers, which include the conduct of preclinical and clinical studies. The Company is required to estimate its prepaid and accrued research and development costs at each reporting date. These estimates are made as of the reporting date of the work completed over the life of the individual study in accordance with agreements established with the Company’s service providers. The Company determines the estimates of research and development activities incurred at the end of each reporting period through discussion with internal personnel and outside service providers, as to the progress or stage of completion of trials or services, as of the end of the reporting period, pursuant to contracts with the third parties and the agreed upon fee to be paid for such services. Nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services to be received in the future for use in research and development activities are deferred and capitalized. The capitalized amounts are expensed as the related goods are accepted by the Company or the services are performed. Accruals are recorded for the amounts of services provided that have not yet been invoiced. |
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| Property and Equipment | Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of their useful life or the remaining life of the lease. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the balance sheet and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations in the period realized. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred.
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| Leases | Leases At the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease based on the terms of the arrangement. The Company accounts for a contract as a lease when it has the right to control the asset for a period of time while obtaining substantially all of the asset’s economic benefits. The Company determines the initial classification and measurement of its operating right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities at the lease commencement date, and thereafter if modified. The lease term includes any renewal options that the Company is reasonably assured to exercise. The Company’s policy is to not record leases with a lease term of 12 months or less on its balance sheets. The ROU asset represents the right to use the leased asset for the lease term. The lease liability represents the present value of the lease payments under the lease. The present value of lease payments is determined by using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate is readily determinable; otherwise, the Company uses its estimated secured incremental borrowing rate for that lease term. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the reasonably assured lease term based on the total lease payments and is included in operating expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Payments due under each lease agreement include fixed and variable payments. Variable payments relate to the Company’s share of the lessor’s operating costs associated with the underlying asset and are recognized when the event on which those payments are assessed occurs. Variable payments have been excluded from the lease liability and associated right-of-use asset. The interest rate implicit in lease agreements is typically not readily determinable, and as such, the Company utilizes the incremental borrowing rate to calculate lease liabilities, which is the rate incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. |
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| Debt Discount and Debt Issuance Costs | Debt Discount and Debt Issuance Costs Debt discounts and debt issuance costs incurred in connection with the issuance of debt are capitalized and reflected as a reduction to the related debt liability. The costs are amortized to interest expense over the term of the debt using the effective-interest method. |
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| Impairment of Long-Lived Assets | Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by comparing the carrying amount to the future net undiscounted cash flows that the assets are expected to generate. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the projected discounted future net cash flows arising from the asset. The Company has not identified any such impairment losses to date. |
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| Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue under the core principle according to ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), to depict the transfer of control to the Company’s customers in an amount reflecting the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled. In order to achieve that core principle, the Company applies the following five step approach: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when a performance obligation is satisfied. The Company’s revenues were previously comprised of partnership revenues from the Terumo Agreement relating to the development and commercialization of Virtue SAB, and continue to include product revenue from the sale of FreeHold’s intracorporeal organ retractors.
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| Partnership Revenues | Partnership Revenues Previously, the Company’s partnership revenues have related to the Terumo Agreement (as defined below), which was terminated pursuant to a termination and right of first refusal agreement on October 24, 2025 (the “Termination and ROFR Agreement”). In future periods, partnership revenues may also include revenues related to the Medtronic Agreement as discussed in Note 3 – “Medtronic Agreement”. |
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| Product Revenues | Product Revenues Product revenues related primarily to sales of FreeHold’s intracorporeal organ retractors are recognized at a point-in-time upon the shipment of the product to the customer, and there are no significant estimates or judgments related to estimating the transaction price. The product revenues consist of a single performance obligation, and the payment terms are typically 30 days. Product revenues are recognized solely in the United States. |
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| Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation The Company applies ASC 718-10, Compensation — Stock Compensation, which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expenses for all stock-based payment awards made to employees and directors including employee stock options under the Company’s stock plans based on estimated fair values (see Note 10 – “Stock-Based Compensation”). Each award vests over the subsequent period during which the recipient is required to provide service in exchange for the award (the “vesting period”). The cost of each award is recognized as an expense in the financial statements over the respective vesting period on a straight-line basis. Under the requirements of ASU 2018-07, the Company accounts for stock-based compensation to nonemployees under the fair value method, which requires all such compensation to be calculated based on the fair value at the measurement date (generally the grant date) and recognized in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss over the requisite service period. The Company accounts for forfeitures of stock-based awards as they occur. |
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| Series A Preferred Stock | Series A Preferred Stock The Company applies ASC 480-10, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), which requires an evaluation to determine if liability classification is required for redeemable convertible stock. Liability classification is required for freestanding financial instruments that are (1) subject to an unconditional obligation requiring the issuer to redeem the instrument by transferring assets, such as those that are mandatorily redeemable, (2) instruments other than equity shares that embody an obligation of the issuer to repurchase its equity shares, or (3) certain types of instruments that obligate the issuer to issue a variable number of equity shares. Securities that do not meet the scoping criteria to be classified as a liability under ASC 480 are subject to redeemable equity guidance, which prescribes that securities that may be subject to redemption upon an event not solely within the Company’s control should be classified as mezzanine equity. Securities classified in mezzanine equity are initially measured at the fair value, net of issuance costs and excluding the fair value of bifurcated embedded derivatives, if any. Subsequent measurement is required when the combined initial amount recorded in mezzanine equity and its related derivative liability is greater than the period end carrying amount. Adjustments to the carrying amount are charged to retained earnings (or additional paid in capital if there are no retained earnings) and do not affect net loss or comprehensive loss in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Subsequent measurement of the carrying value of the redeemable convertible preferred stock is also required when the instrument is probable of becoming redeemable. The Company will accrete the redeemable convertible preferred stock to its redemption value once the instrument is probable of becoming redeemable. In certain circumstances, the redemption price may vary based on changes in stock price, in which case the Company recognizes changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of the security to equal the then current maximum redemption value at the end of each reporting period. |
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| Derivative Liability | Derivative Liability The Company evaluates all its financial instruments, including convertible debt and redeemable convertible preferred stock, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. The Company applies significant judgment to identify and evaluate complex terms and conditions in these contracts and agreements to determine whether embedded derivatives exist. Embedded derivatives must be separately measured from the host contracts if all the requirements for bifurcation are met. The assessment of the conditions surrounding the bifurcation of embedded derivatives depends on the nature of the host contract. Bifurcated embedded derivatives are recognized at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss at each reporting period end. Bifurcated embedded derivatives are classified as a separate liability in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s derivative liability is related to the conversion features embedded in the Series A Preferred Stock. See Note 7 – “Common and Preferred Stock” for additional information. |
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| Net Loss Per Share | Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss less the adjustment to carrying value of Series A Preferred Stock by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock of the Company (“Common Stock”) outstanding for the period, without consideration of potential dilutive shares of Common Stock. Since the Company was in a loss position for the periods presented, basic net loss is the same as diluted net loss since the effects of potentially dilutive securities are antidilutive. Potentially dilutive securities include all outstanding warrants, stock options, Earnout Consideration (see Note 16 – “Net Loss Per Share”), unvested restricted stock awards, convertible preferred shares (see Note 7 – “Common and Preferred Stock”) and restricted stock units. Shares of Common Stock outstanding but subject to forfeiture and cancellation by the Company (e.g., the Forfeitable Shares (as defined in Note 16)) are excluded from the weighted-average number of shares until the period in which such shares are no longer subject to forfeiture. Pre-funded warrants (see Note 9 – “Warrants”) are considered outstanding for the purposes of computing basic and diluted net loss per share because shares may be issued for little or no additional consideration and are fully vested and exercisable after the original issuance date of the pre-funded warrant. In periods in which there is net income, the Company would apply the two-class method to compute net income per share. Under this method, earnings are allocated to common stock and participating securities based on their respective rights to receive dividends, as if all undistributed earnings for the period were distributed. The two-class method does not apply in periods in which a net loss is reported. |
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| Income Taxes | Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset-and-liability method in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on the deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rate is recognized in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded if it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all the deferred tax assets will not be realized in future periods. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company recorded a full valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets. The Company follows the guidance in ASC Topic 740 – 10 in assessing uncertain tax positions. The standard applies to all tax positions and clarifies the recognition of tax benefits in the financial statements by providing for a two-step approach of recognition and measurement. The first step involves assessing whether the tax position is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination based upon its technical merits. The second step involves measurement of the amount to be recognized. Tax positions that meet the more-likely than-not threshold are measured at the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate finalization with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes the impact of an uncertain income tax position in the financial statements if it believes that the position is more likely than not to be sustained by the relevant taxing authority. The Company will recognize interest and penalties related to tax positions in income tax expense as applicable.
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| Defined Contribution Plan | Defined Contribution Plan The Company has a defined retirement savings plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. This plan allows eligible employees to defer a portion of their annual compensation on a pre-tax basis. Effective January 1, 2023, the Company participates in a matching safe harbor 401(k) Plan with a Company contribution of up to 3.5% of each eligible participating employee’s compensation. Safe harbor contributions vest immediately for each participant. During the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company made $164,000 and $120,000, respectively, in contributions under this safe harbor 401(k) Plan. |
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| Comprehensive Loss | Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive loss is comprised of net loss and changes in unrealized gains and losses on the Company’s available-for-sale investments. |
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| Segment Reporting | Segment Reporting Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer. The Company has determined it operates in one segment. For further discussion on Segment Reporting, see Note 15 - “Segment Disclosures.” |
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| New Accounting Standards | New Accounting Standards In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”) to improve the disclosures about a public business entity’s expenses and address requests from investors for more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2024-03 on its condensed consolidated financial statements. |