v3.26.1
Description of Business and Basis of Presentation (Policies)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2026
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation and Unaudited Interim Financial Information
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) on a going concern basis. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Unaudited Interim Financial Information
These accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial reporting. In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, considered necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the interim periods indicated. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year ending December 31, 2026.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 2, 2026 (the “Form 10-K”). The December 31, 2025 condensed consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the condensed consolidated financial
statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions due to risks and uncertainties. Such estimates include, but are not limited to (i) realization of deferred tax assets and estimates of tax liabilities, (ii) fair value and useful life of acquired intangible assets, (iii) fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, (iv) fair value of share-based payments, (v) fair value and useful lives of long-lived assets, (vi) incremental borrowing rate used for right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, and (vii) assessment of significant development uncertainty existence for internally developed software costs. These estimates are based on historical data and experience, as well as various other factors that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Such estimates often require the selection of appropriate valuation methodologies and models and may involve significant judgment in evaluating ranges of assumptions and financial inputs. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates due to risks and uncertainties.
Cloud Computing Arrangements
Cloud Computing Arrangements
The Company capitalizes certain implementation costs incurred in connection with its cloud computing arrangements that are service contracts. Capitalization of implementation costs begins when (1) management has authorized and committed to funding the software project and (2) it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform the function intended (the "probable-to-complete threshold"). In evaluating whether the probable-to-complete threshold is met, the Company considers whether significant development uncertainty exists based on the presence of technological innovations or novel, unproven functions and features, or substantially unidentified or evolving performance requirements. Costs incurred before both criteria are met, and costs incurred after the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use, are expensed as incurred.
Capitalized implementation costs are recognized in other long-term assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet and amortized on a straight-line basis over the fixed, noncancellable term of the associated hosting arrangement.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2025, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), which eliminated the use of software project development stages to align with modern software development methods. Under the ASU, capitalization for internal-use software will begin when (1) management has authorized and committed to funding the software project, and (2) it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform its intended function. The update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The update can be applied either (1) retrospectively, (2) prospectively, or (3) on a modified prospective basis. The Company early adopted ASU 2025-06 on a prospective basis effective January 1, 2026. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires disclosure of additional information about specific expense categories in the notes to the financial statements. The update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The update can be applied either (1) prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date or (2) retrospectively to any of all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2024-03 on its disclosures within its condensed consolidated financial statements.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-10, Accounting for Government Grants (Topic 832): Accounting for Government Grants Received by Business Entities (ASU 2025-10) to establish authoritative guidance on the recognition, measurement, and presentation of government grants received by business entities. The guidance will be effective for the annual
periods beginning with the year ending December 31, 2028 and for interim periods beginning January 1, 2029. Early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, the guidance can be applied using a modified prospective, modified retrospective, or under a retrospective approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2025-10 on its disclosures within its condensed consolidated financial statements.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements (ASU 2025-11), which clarifies the applicability of interim reporting guidance and reorganizes and clarifies interim disclosure requirements under ASC Topic 270, including the addition of a disclosure principle requiring disclosure of material events occurring since the most recent annual reporting period. The guidance will be effective for interim periods beginning January 1, 2028. Early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, the guidance can be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2025-11 on its disclosures within its condensed consolidated financial statements.
Contract Liabilities
Current portion of contract liabilities is recorded in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and contract liabilities, net of current portion is recorded in other long-term liabilities in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company’s contract liabilities primarily included a $10.0 million pre-delivery payment received from United Airlines, Inc. (“United”) under the terms of the Amended United Purchase Agreement (defined below) (Refer to Note 12 - Warrants for additional information). No revenue related to these contract liabilities was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company applies the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, Fair Value Measurement, which defines a single authoritative definition of fair value, sets out a framework for measuring fair value and expands on required disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of ASC 820 relate to financial assets and liabilities as well as other assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis. The standard clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the standard establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities accessible to the reporting entity at the measurement date.
Level 2Other than quoted prices included in Level 1 inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.
The carrying amounts of the Company’s cash, accounts payable, accrued compensation, and accrued liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
Short-term Investments
The Company’s short-term investments consist of high quality investment grade marketable securities and are classified as available-for-sale. The Company classifies its investments in U.S. Treasury securities as Level 1 because they are valued using quoted market prices in active markets. The Company classifies its investments in corporate debt securities as Level 2 because they are valued using inputs other than quoted prices which are directly or indirectly observable in the market, including readily available pricing sources for the identical underlying security which may not be actively traded.
Public Warrants
The measurement of the public warrants as of March 31, 2026 is classified as Level 1 due to the use of an observable market quote in an active market under the ticker “ACHR WS”.
Private Placement Warrants
The Company utilizes a Monte Carlo simulation model for the private placement warrants at each reporting period, with changes in fair value recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The estimated fair value of the private placement warrant liability is determined using Level 3 inputs. Inherent in a Monte Carlo simulation model are assumptions related to expected volatility, expected exercise term, risk-free interest rate, and dividend yield.
Financial Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Certain financial instruments, including debt, are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of debt as of March 31, 2026 approximates its carrying value (Level 2).
Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
Certain assets and liabilities are subject to measurement at fair value on a non-recurring basis if there are indicators of impairment or if they are deemed to be impaired as a result of an impairment review.
Net Loss Per Share
Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, which includes fully vested and exercisable warrants with a nominal exercise price of $0.01 per share in the weighted-average share count as if outstanding.
For all periods presented, the calculation of basic net loss per share excludes shares issued upon the early exercise of stock options where the vesting conditions have not been satisfied. Common stock purchased pursuant to an early exercise of stock options is not deemed to be outstanding for accounting purposes until those shares vest. The Company also excludes unvested shares subject to repurchase in the number of shares outstanding in the consolidated balance sheets and statements of stockholders’ equity.
Because the Company reported net losses for all periods presented, diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share and all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents are antidilutive and have been excluded from the calculation of net loss per share.
Contingently issuable shares, including equity awards with performance conditions, are considered outstanding common shares and included in the computation of basic net loss per share as of the date that all necessary conditions to earn the awards have been satisfied. Prior to the end of the contingency period, the number of contingently issuable shares included in diluted net loss per share is based on the number of shares, if any, that would be issuable under the terms of the arrangement at the end of the reporting period.
Segments
Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is available and that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer. The Company has determined that it operates as a single operating segment and one reportable segment, as the CODM reviews financial information
presented on a consolidated basis. The CODM uses net loss for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance. Given the Company’s pre-commercialization operating stage, it currently has no concentration exposure to products, services, or customers. Segment asset information is not regularly provided to the CODM to allocate resources.