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<!--Created on: 5/11/2026 4:11:57 PM-->
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  <xsd:element name="ClassOfWarrantOrRightIssued" id="acxp_ClassOfWarrantOrRightIssued" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" />
  <xsd:element name="ShareBasedPaymentArrangementFebruary2023Member" id="acxp_ShareBasedPaymentArrangementFebruary2023Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="SeriesCWarrantsMember" id="acxp_SeriesCWarrantsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="SeriesDWarrantsMember" id="acxp_SeriesDWarrantsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ShareBasedPaymentArrangementJune2023Member" id="acxp_ShareBasedPaymentArrangementJune2023Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="PreFundedWarrantsMember" id="acxp_PreFundedWarrantsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" id="acxp_RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="SharesToBeGrantedPursuantToVendorAgreements" id="acxp_SharesToBeGrantedPursuantToVendorAgreements" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" />
  <xsd:element name="SaleOfStockMaximumAggregateOfferingPrice" id="acxp_SaleOfStockMaximumAggregateOfferingPrice" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element name="AtMarketOfferingMember" id="acxp_AtMarketOfferingMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="WeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermAbstract" id="acxp_WeightedAverageRemainingContractualTermAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="AggregateIntrinsicValueAbstract" id="acxp_AggregateIntrinsicValueAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ShareBasedPaymentArrangementFebruary2024Member" id="acxp_ShareBasedPaymentArrangementFebruary2024Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ShareBasedPaymentArrangementJune2024Member" id="acxp_ShareBasedPaymentArrangementJune2024Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ShareBasedPaymentArrangementGrantedInFourthQuarter2024Member" id="acxp_ShareBasedPaymentArrangementGrantedInFourthQuarter2024Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ShareBasedPaymentArrangementAdditionalGrantedInFourthQuarter2024Member" id="acxp_ShareBasedPaymentArrangementAdditionalGrantedInFourthQuarter2024Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="SeriesEWarrantsMember" id="acxp_SeriesEWarrantsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="SeriesFWarrantsMember" id="acxp_SeriesFWarrantsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationToSettleAccruedCompensation" id="acxp_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationToSettleAccruedCompensation" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element name="January2025RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" id="acxp_January2025RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="March2025RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" id="acxp_March2025RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="SharebasedCompensationToSettleAccruedCompensation" id="acxp_SharebasedCompensationToSettleAccruedCompensation" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="ShareBasedPaymentArrangementJanuary2025Member" id="acxp_ShareBasedPaymentArrangementJanuary2025Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ShareBasedPaymentArrangementFebruary2025Member" id="acxp_ShareBasedPaymentArrangementFebruary2025Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ShareBasedPaymentArrangementGrantedInFirstQuarter2025Member" id="acxp_ShareBasedPaymentArrangementGrantedInFirstQuarter2025Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ProceedsFromMarch2025RegisteredDirectOfferingNetOfIssuanceCosts" id="acxp_ProceedsFromMarch2025RegisteredDirectOfferingNetOfIssuanceCosts" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="ProceedsFromJanuary2025RegisteredDirectOfferingNetOfIssuanceCosts" id="acxp_ProceedsFromJanuary2025RegisteredDirectOfferingNetOfIssuanceCosts" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStockInConnectionWithEquityLineOfCreditNet" id="acxp_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStockInConnectionWithEquityLineOfCreditNet" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="RegisteredDirectOfferingCostsJanuary2025" id="acxp_RegisteredDirectOfferingCostsJanuary2025" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="RegisteredDirectOfferingCostsMarch2025" id="acxp_RegisteredDirectOfferingCostsMarch2025" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockJanuaryRegisteredDirectOffering" id="acxp_IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockJanuaryRegisteredDirectOffering" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element name="IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockMarchRegisteredDirectOffering" id="acxp_IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockMarchRegisteredDirectOffering" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element name="IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockEquityLineOfCreditPurchaseAgreement" id="acxp_IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockEquityLineOfCreditPurchaseAgreement" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element name="IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockJanuaryRegisteredDirectOfferingInShares" id="acxp_IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockJanuaryRegisteredDirectOfferingInShares" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" />
  <xsd:element name="IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockMarchRegisteredDirectOfferingInShares" id="acxp_IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockMarchRegisteredDirectOfferingInShares" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" />
  <xsd:element name="IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockEquityLineOfCreditPurchaseAgreementInShares" id="acxp_IssuanceOfSharesOfCommonStockEquityLineOfCreditPurchaseAgreementInShares" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" />
  <xsd:element name="EquityLineOfCreditPurchaseAgreementMember" id="acxp_EquityLineOfCreditPurchaseAgreementMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="WarrantExercisesMember" id="acxp_WarrantExercisesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="SeriesGWarrantsMember" id="acxp_SeriesGWarrantsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="SeriesG1WarrantsMember" id="acxp_SeriesG1WarrantsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="SeriesG2WarrantsMember" id="acxp_SeriesG2WarrantsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalNonCashEquityIssuanceCosts" id="acxp_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalNonCashEquityIssuanceCosts" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element name="WainwrightAndCompanyLlcMember" id="acxp_WainwrightAndCompanyLlcMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="UnderwriterWarrantsMember" id="acxp_UnderwriterWarrantsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ShareBasedPaymentArrangementGrantedInSecondQuarter2025Member" id="acxp_ShareBasedPaymentArrangementGrantedInSecondQuarter2025Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ChangeInAuthorizedSharesOfCommonStockPolicyTextBlock" id="acxp_ChangeInAuthorizedSharesOfCommonStockPolicyTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" />
  <xsd:element name="AmendedShareBasedPaymentArrangementGrantedInSecondQuarter2025Member" id="acxp_AmendedShareBasedPaymentArrangementGrantedInSecondQuarter2025Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="CollaborationAgreementAmountsPaidToDate" id="acxp_CollaborationAgreementAmountsPaidToDate" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="StockIssuedToDateUnderProgram" id="acxp_StockIssuedToDateUnderProgram" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" abstract="false" />
  <xsd:element name="ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStockCumulative" id="acxp_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStockCumulative" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="StockOptionsGrantedToDate" id="acxp_StockOptionsGrantedToDate" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" />
  <xsd:element name="MilestonePayments" id="acxp_MilestonePayments" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="ShareBasedPaymentArrangementShareBasedPaymentArrangementRenewalOfAdditionalGrantInFourthQuarter2024Member" id="acxp_ShareBasedPaymentArrangementShareBasedPaymentArrangementRenewalOfAdditionalGrantInFourthQuarter2024Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="UnregisteredShortTermWarrantsMember" id="acxp_UnregisteredShortTermWarrantsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
</xsd:schema>
