Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses |
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| Receivables [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses | Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses Loans receivable at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 are summarized as follows:
The Company had no loans held-for-sale at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company sold $2.0 million and $252,000 of construction loans, and Small Business Administration ("SBA") loans included in commercial business loans held-for-sale, respectively, resulting in gross gains of $20,000 and no gross losses. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company sold $5.2 million, $2.0 million, and $5.5 million of one-to-four family real estate loans, construction loans, and SBA loans included in commercial business loans held-for-sale, respectively, resulting in gross gains of $515,000 and no gross losses. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company had no purchased loans. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company purchased a $20.0 million construction loan participation from a third party. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the carrying value of loans serviced by the Company for investors was $485.9 million and $494.8 million, respectively. These loans are not included in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. 9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued) The following tables summarize the aging of loans receivable by portfolio segment, including non-accrual loans and excluding PCD loans at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
The Company considers a loan to be delinquent when we have not received a payment within 30 days of its contractual due date, or when the Company does not expect to receive all principal and interest payments owed substantially in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement, regardless of the past due status. Non-accruing loans are returned to accrual status after there has been a sustained period of repayment performance and both principal and interest are deemed collectible. The Company identifies loans that may need to be charged-off as a loss by reviewing all delinquent loans, classified loans and other loans for which management may have concerns about collectability. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, non-accrual loans totaled $41.4 million and $38.0 million, respectively. Included in non-accrual loans at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, are 41 and 38 loans totaling $13.8 million and $10.4 million, respectively, which are less than 90 days in arrears. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, there were no loans past due 90 days or more still accruing interest. 9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued) PCD loans were loans acquired at a discount primarily due to deteriorated credit quality. These loans were initially recorded at fair value at acquisition, based upon the present value of expected future cash flows, with no related allowance for credit losses. Loans acquired in a business combination are recorded in accordance with ASC Topic 326, which requires loans as of the acquisition date, which have experienced a more than insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination, to be classified as PCD loans. At both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, PCD loans acquired in the Stewardship Financial Corporation ("Stewardship") acquisition totaled $1.1 million, PCD loans acquired in the Freehold Bank acquisition totaled $40,000 and $44,000, respectively, and PCD loans acquired in the RSI Bank acquisition totaled $8.2 million and $8.3 million, respectively. PCD loans acquired in conjunction with the purchase of equipment finance loans totaled $850,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, and charge-offs related to these purchased loans totaled and $3.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2025. We may obtain physical possession of real estate collateralizing a residential mortgage loan via foreclosure. At March 31, 2026 the Company held one mixed use property with both commercial space and apartments, with a carrying value of $5.9 million in other real estate owned that was acquired through foreclosure during the quarter. At December 31, 2025, the Company held no real estate owned. At March 31, 2026, we had eight residential mortgage loans with carrying values totaling $2.4 million and four home equity loans with carrying values totaling $228,000, collateralized by residential real estate, which were in the process of foreclosure. At December 31, 2025, we had nine residential mortgage loans with carrying values totaling $2.5 million and four home equity loans with carrying value totaling $585,000, collateralized by residential real estate, which were in the process of foreclosure. The balance of the allowance for credit losses is based on an expected loss methodology, referred to as the "CECL" methodology. The loan portfolio segmentation includes seven portfolio segments taking into consideration common loan attributes and risk characteristics, as well as historical reporting metrics and data availability. Accrued interest receivable on loans receivable is reported as a component of accrued interest receivable in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition, which totaled $34.7 million at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. The determination of the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) on loans is considered a critical accounting estimate by management because of the high degree of judgment involved in determining qualitative loss factors, the subjectivity of the assumptions used, and the potential for changes in the forecasted economic environment. The ACL is maintained at a level management considers adequate to provide for estimated losses and impairment based upon an evaluation of known and inherent risk in the loan portfolio. The ACL consists of two elements: (1) identification of loans that must be individually analyzed for impairment and (2) establishment of an ACL for loans collectively analyzed. Portfolio segments are defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its allowance for credit losses. Management developed segments for estimating losses based on the type of borrower and collateral which is generally based upon federal call report segmentation. The segments have been combined, or sub-segments have been added as needed to ensure loans of similar risk profiles are appropriately pooled. We maintain a loan review system that provides a periodic review of the loan portfolio and the identification of individually analyzed loans. The ACL for individually analyzed loans is based on the fair value of collateral or cash flows. While management uses current information available to make such evaluations, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the evaluations. The ACL quantitative allowance for each segment is measured using a discounted cash flow methodology incorporating an econometric, probability of default (“PD”) and loss given default (“LGD”) with distinct segment-specific multi-variate regression models applied. Expected credit losses are estimated over the life of the loans by measuring the difference between the net present value of modeled cash flows and amortized cost basis. Contractual cash flows over the contractual life of the loans are the basis for the modeled cash flows, adjusted for model defaults and expected prepayments and discounted at the loan-level effective interest rate. The contractual term excludes expected extensions, renewals, and modifications. 9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued) Management estimates the ACL using relevant and reliable information from internal and external sources, related to past events, current conditions, and a reasonable and supportable forecast. Historical credit loss experience for both the Company and its segment-specific peers provides the basis for the estimate of expected credit losses. Credit losses over a defined period are converted to PD rate curves through the use of segment-specific LGD risk factors that convert default rates to loss severity based on industry-level, observed relationships between the two variables for each segment, primarily due to the nature of the underlying collateral. These risk factors were assessed for reasonableness against the Company’s own loss experience and adjusted in certain cases when the relationship between the Company’s historical default and loss severity deviates from that of the wider industry. The historical PD curves, together with corresponding economic conditions, establish a quantitative relationship between economic conditions and loan performance through an economic cycle. Using the historical relationship between economic conditions and loan performance, management’s expectation of future loan performance is incorporated using a single economic forecast of macroeconomic variables (i.e., unemployment, gross domestic product, vacancy, and home price index). This forecast is applied over a period that management has determined to be reasonable and supportable. Beyond the period over which management can develop or source a reasonable and supportable forecast, the model reverts to long-term average historical loss rates using a straight-line, time-based methodology. The Company's current forecast period is six quarters, with a four-quarter reversion period to long-term average historical loss rates. After quantitative considerations, management applies additional qualitative adjustments that consider the expected impact of certain factors not fully captured in the quantitative reserve. Qualitative adjustments include but are not limited to concentrations of large loan balances, delinquency trends, change in collateral values within segments, and other considerations. The ACL is established through the provision for credit losses that are charged to income, which is based upon an evaluation of estimated losses in the current loan portfolio, including the evaluation of individually analyzed loans. Charge-offs against the ACL are taken on loans where management determines that the collection of loan principal and interest is unlikely. Recoveries made on loans that have been charged-off are credited to the ACL. Although we believe we have established and maintained the ACL on loans at appropriate levels, changes in reserves may be necessary if actual economic and other conditions differ substantially from the forecast used in estimating the ACL. Our financial results are affected by the changes in and the level of the ACL. This process involves our analysis of internal and external variables, and it requires that we exercise judgment to estimate an appropriate ACL. As a result of the uncertainty associated with this subjectivity, we cannot assure the precision of the amount reserved should we experience sizable loan losses in any particular period and/or significant changes in assumptions or economic conditions. We believe the primary risks inherent in the portfolio are a general decline in the economy, a decline in real estate market values, rising unemployment, increasing vacancy rates, and increases in interest rates in the absence of economic improvement or any other such factors. Any one or a combination of these events may adversely affect a borrower's ability to repay its loan, resulting in increased delinquencies and loan losses. Accordingly, we have recorded loan credit losses at a level which is estimated to represent the current risk in its loan portfolio. For our non-performing loans, the allowance is determined on an individual basis using the present value of expected cash flows, or for collateral dependent loans, the fair value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell. We continue to assess the collateral of loans and update our appraisals on these loans on an annual basis. To the extent the property values decline, there could be additional losses on these non-performing assets, which may be material. Management considered these market conditions in deriving the estimated ACL. Should economic difficulties occur, the ultimate amount of loss could vary from our current estimate. 9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued) The following tables summarize loans receivable (including PCD loans) and allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment and impairment method at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)
Modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may include principal or interest forgiveness, forbearance, interest rate reductions, term extensions, or a combination of these events intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral. 9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued) The following tables presents the modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
The following tables describe the types of modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued) The Company closely monitors the performance of modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of these modification efforts. The Company did not extend any commitment to lend additional funds to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty whose loans had been modified during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. The following tables present the aging analysis of modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued) The activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 are as follows:
9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued) The following tables present individually analyzed loans by segment, excluding PCD loans, at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)
9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued) The following table presents interest income recognized for individually analyzed loans by loan segment, excluding PCD loans, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
Management prepares an analysis each quarter that categorizes the entire loan portfolio by certain risk characteristics such as loan type (residential mortgage, commercial mortgage, construction, commercial business, etc.) and loan risk rating. The categorization of loans into risk categories is based upon relevant information about the borrower's ability to service their debt. The Company utilizes a risk rating system to summarize its loan portfolio into categories with similar risk characteristics. Loans deemed to be “acceptable quality” are rated 1 through 4w, with a rating established for loans with minimal risk. Loans rated 4w are watch loans, which may have a potential concern that warrants increased oversight and tracking by management. We enhanced our level of scrutiny and focus regarding documentation related to credit risk rating benchmark guidelines that pertain to debt-service coverage ratios, LTV ratios, borrower strength, asset quality, and funded cash reserves. Other factors such as guarantees, market strength and remaining loan term and borrower equity are also reviewed and are factored into determining the credit risk rating assigned to each loan. Loans that are deemed to be of “questionable quality” are rated 5 (Special Mention) or 6 (Substandard). Loans with adverse classifications are rated 7 (Doubtful) or 8 (Loss). The risk ratings are also confirmed through periodic loan review examinations which are currently performed by both an independent third-party and the Company's credit risk review department. Results from examinations are presented to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. 9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued) The following table summarizes the Company's loans by year of origination and internally assigned credit risk rating, excluding PCD loans, at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)
9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)
9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)
9. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued) The Company is required to include unfunded commitments that are expected to be funded in the future within the allowance calculation, other than those that are unconditionally cancellable. To arrive at that reserve, the percentage for each applicable segment is applied to the unused portion of the expected commitment balance and is multiplied by the expected funding rate. To determine the expected funding rate, the Company uses a historical utilization rate for each segment. The allowance for credit losses for off-balance-sheet exposures is reported in other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The liability represents an estimate of expected credit losses arising from off-balance-sheet exposures such as unfunded commitments. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the balance of the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments, included in other liabilities, totaled $4.2 million and $3.9 million, respectively. The Company recorded provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments, included in other non-interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income of $266,000 and $468,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses on off-balance-sheet exposures for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
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