Fair value measurement - Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2026	Dec. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2025
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	$ 21,733,269	$ 20,574,972
Mortgage servicing rights	94,232	96,356
US Treasury Securities
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	17,038,041	15,723,454
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations - Federal agencies
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	95,122	100,241
Other
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	750	750
Recurring
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	21,733,269	20,574,972
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	30,410	36,569
Equity securities at fair value	52,333	51,484
Mortgage servicing rights	94,232	96,356
Loans held-for-sale	5,603	9,998
Derivatives	23,956	27,913
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	21,939,803	20,797,292
Liabilities
Derivatives	(22,820)	(25,740)
Total	(22,820)	(25,740)
Recurring \| US Treasury Securities
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	17,038,041	15,723,454
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	4,140	12,460
Recurring \| Obligations of Puerto Rico, States and political subdivisions
Assets
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	44	45
Recurring \| Collateralized Mortgage Obligations - Federal agencies
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	95,122	100,241
Recurring \| CMO
Assets
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	550	567
Recurring \| Mortgage Backed Securities
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	4,599,356	4,750,527
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	25,581	23,398
Recurring \| Other
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	750	750
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	95	99
Recurring \| Level 1
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	6,996,073	6,576,313
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	3,790	12,450
Equity securities at fair value	0	0
Mortgage servicing rights	0	0
Loans held-for-sale	0	0
Derivatives	0	0
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	6,999,863	6,588,763
Liabilities
Derivatives	0	0
Total	0	0
Recurring \| Level 1 \| US Treasury Securities
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	6,996,073	6,576,313
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	3,790	12,450
Recurring \| Level 1 \| Obligations of Puerto Rico, States and political subdivisions
Assets
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| Level 1 \| Collateralized Mortgage Obligations - Federal agencies
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	0	0
Recurring \| Level 1 \| CMO
Assets
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| Level 1 \| Mortgage Backed Securities
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	0	0
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| Level 1 \| Other
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	0	0
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| Level 2
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	14,736,063	13,997,504
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	26,440	23,936
Equity securities at fair value	51,198	50,632
Mortgage servicing rights	0	0
Loans held-for-sale	5,603	9,998
Derivatives	23,956	27,913
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	14,843,260	14,109,983
Liabilities
Derivatives	(22,820)	(25,740)
Total	(22,820)	(25,740)
Recurring \| Level 2 \| US Treasury Securities
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	10,041,968	9,147,141
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	350	10
Recurring \| Level 2 \| Obligations of Puerto Rico, States and political subdivisions
Assets
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	44	45
Recurring \| Level 2 \| Collateralized Mortgage Obligations - Federal agencies
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	95,122	100,241
Recurring \| Level 2 \| CMO
Assets
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	550	567
Recurring \| Level 2 \| Mortgage Backed Securities
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	4,598,973	4,750,122
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	25,496	23,314
Recurring \| Level 2 \| Other
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	0	0
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| Level 3
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	1,133	1,155
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	180	183
Equity securities at fair value	0	0
Mortgage servicing rights	94,232	96,356
Loans held-for-sale	0	0
Derivatives	0	0
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	95,545	97,694
Liabilities
Derivatives	0	0
Total	0	0
Recurring \| Level 3 \| US Treasury Securities
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	0	0
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| Level 3 \| Obligations of Puerto Rico, States and political subdivisions
Assets
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| Level 3 \| Collateralized Mortgage Obligations - Federal agencies
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	0	0
Recurring \| Level 3 \| CMO
Assets
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| Level 3 \| Mortgage Backed Securities
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	383	405
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	85	84
Recurring \| Level 3 \| Other
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	750	750
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	95	99	$ 127
Recurring \| NAV
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	0	0
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Equity securities at fair value	1,135	852
Mortgage servicing rights	0	0
Loans held-for-sale	0	0
Derivatives	0	0
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	1,135	852
Liabilities
Derivatives	0	0
Total	0	0
Recurring \| NAV \| US Treasury Securities
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	0	0
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| NAV \| Obligations of Puerto Rico, States and political subdivisions
Assets
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| NAV \| Collateralized Mortgage Obligations - Federal agencies
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	0	0
Recurring \| NAV \| CMO
Assets
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| NAV \| Mortgage Backed Securities
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	0	0
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	0	0
Recurring \| NAV \| Other
Assets
Debt securities available-for-sale	0	0
Trading account debt securities, excluding derivatives	$ 0	$ 0

Fair value portion of asset recognized for present right to economic benefit.

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