v3.26.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2026
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans Held for Sale
During the three months ended March 31, 2026, $3.33 billion in CCBX loans were transferred to loans held for sale, with $3.28 billion in loans sold, $2.63 billion of which was new activity on previously sold credit card receivables. These loans were sold back to partners at par. The Company sells CCBX loans to manage loan portfolio size by partner and by loan category. Partner loan limits are established and documented in the relevant partner agreement. There were $124.0 million loans held for sale as of March 31, 2026 and $71.2 million loans held for sale as of December 31, 2025.
Loans Held for Investment
The composition of the loan portfolio is as follows as of the periods indicated:
March 31,December 31,
20262025
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
Community Bank
Commercial and industrial loans$235,603 $224,439 
Real estate loans:
Construction, land and land development loans234,911 222,075 
Residential real estate loans199,185 202,293 
Commercial real estate loans1,300,547 1,285,856 
Consumer and other loans:
Other consumer and other loans11,587 14,072 
Gross community bank loans receivable1,981,833 1,948,735 
CCBX
Commercial and industrial loans:
Capital call lines$176,384 $210,480 
All other commercial & industrial loans
21,792 19,166 
Real estate loans:
Residential real estate loans266,037 264,059 
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards693,485 622,681 
Other consumer and other loans726,943 691,708 
Gross CCBX loans receivable1,884,641 1,808,094 
Total gross loans receivable3,866,474 3,756,829 
Net deferred origination fees and premiums(7,095)(7,298)
Loans receivable$3,859,379 $3,749,531 
Accrued interest on loans, which is excluded from the balances in the preceding table of loans receivable, was $18.3 million and $17.9 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and was included in accrued interest receivable on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Accrued interest on loans is net of an allowance of $627,000 and $616,000 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
Included in commercial and industrial loans as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, is $176.4 million and $210.5 million, respectively in capital call lines, provided to venture capital firms through one of our BaaS clients. These loans are secured by the capital call rights and are individually underwritten to the Bank’s credit standards by our BaaS client and the underwriting is reviewed by the Bank on every line/loan.
Consumer and other loans includes overdrafts of $27.5 million and $16.9 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Community bank overdrafts were $9,000 and $10,000 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively and CCBX overdrafts were $27.4 million and $16.8 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
The Company, through the Bank, purchased loans from CCBX partners, at par, through agreements with those CCBX partners, and those loans had a remaining balance of $129.4 million as of March 31, 2026 and $134.9 million as of December 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2026, $127.6 million is included in consumer and other loans and $1.8 million is included in commercial and industrial loans, compared to $132.6 million in consumer and other loans and $2.3 million in commercial and industrial loans as of December 31, 2025.
The Company, through the Bank, at times purchases individual loans at fair value as of the acquisition date. The Company held purchased loans with remaining balances that totaled $4.4 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31,
2025. Unamortized premiums on these loans totaled $83,000 and $84,000 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and are amortized into interest income over the life of the loans. These loans are included in the applicable loan category depending upon the collateral and purpose of the individual loan.
The Company, through the Bank, has purchased participation loans with remaining balances totaling $28.5 million and $26.9 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. These loans are included in the applicable loan category depending upon the collateral and purpose of the individual loan and are underwritten to the Bank's credit standards.
The balance of SBA and United States Department of Agriculture ("USDA") loans and participations sold and serviced for others totaled $2.3 million and $2.5 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
The gross balance of Main Street Lending Program (“MSLP”) loans participated and serviced for others, totaled $23.1 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, with $1.2 million in MSLP loans on the balance sheet and included in commercial and industrial loans at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. Servicing is retained on the gross balance.
The Company has pledged loans totaling $891.4 million at March 31, 2026 and $895.5 million at December 31, 2025, for borrowing lines at the FHLB and FRB. Loans are pledged to increase and maintain the borrowing capacity of the Bank for liquidity management purposes.
The following is a summary of the Company’s loan portfolio segments:
Commercial and industrial loans – Commercial and industrial loans are secured by business assets including inventory, receivables and machinery and equipment of businesses located generally in the Company’s primary market area and capital calls on venture and investment funds. Loan types include revolving lines of credit, term loans, and loans secured by liquid collateral such as cash deposits or marketable securities. Also included in commercial and industrial loans are loans to other financial institutions. Additionally, the Company issues letters of credit on behalf of its customers. Risk arises primarily due to the difference between expected and actual cash flows of the borrowers. In addition, the recoverability of the Company’s investment in these loans is also dependent on other factors primarily dictated by the type of collateral securing these loans. The fair value of the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate as market conditions change. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the recovery of the Company’s investment is dependent upon the borrower’s ability to collect amounts due from its customers.
As of March 31, 2026, $235.6 million in community bank loans are included in commercial and industrial loans, compared to $224.4 million at December 31, 2025.
As of March 31, 2026, $198.2 million in loans originated through CCBX partners are included in commercial and industrial loans, compared to $229.6 million at December 31, 2025.
As of March 31, 2026, $176.4 million in CCBX capital call lines are included in commercial and industrial loans compared to $210.5 million at December 31, 2025. Capital call lines are provided to venture capital firms. These loans are secured by the capital call rights and are individually underwritten to the Bank’s credit standards and the underwriting is reviewed by the Bank on every line/loan.
Also included in commercial and industrial loans are $21.8 million in unsecured loans originated through CCBX partners as of March 31, 2026, compared to $19.2 million as of December 31, 2025.
Construction, land and land development loans – The Company originates loans for the construction of 1-4 family, multifamily, and CRE properties in the Company’s market area. Construction loans are considered to have higher risks due to construction completion and timing risk, the ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, government regulation of real property and the availability of long-term financing. Additionally, economic conditions may impact the Company’s ability to recover its investment in construction loans, as adverse economic conditions may negatively impact the real estate market, which could affect the borrower’s ability to complete and sell the project. Additionally, the fair value of the underlying collateral may fluctuate as market conditions change. The Company occasionally originates land loans for the purpose of facilitating the ultimate construction of a home or commercial building. The primary risks include the borrower’s ability to pay and the inability of the Company to recover its investment due to a material decline in the fair value of the underlying collateral.
As of March 31, 2026, $234.9 million in community bank loans are included in construction, land and land development loans, compared to $222.1 million at December 31, 2025.
Residential real estate loans – Residential real estate includes various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. Included in this segment are first and second lien single family loans, occasionally purchased by the Company to diversify its loan portfolio, and rental portfolios secured by one-to-four family homes. The primary risks of residential real estate loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the collateral, and significant increases in interest rates which may make the loan unprofitable.
As of March 31, 2026, $266.0 million in loans originated through CCBX partners are included in residential real estate loans, compared to $264.1 million at December 31, 2025. These home equity lines of credit are secured by residential real estate and are accessed by using a credit card. Home equity lines of credit are classified as residential real estate per regulatory guidelines.
Commercial real estate (includes owner occupied and non-owner occupied) loans – Commercial real estate loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral.
As of March 31, 2026, $1.30 billion in community bank loans are included in commercial real estate loans, compared to $1.29 billion at December 31, 2025.
We have commercial real estate loans totaling $375.5 million that are collateralized by owner-occupied real-estate and $552.0 million that are collateralized by non-owner-occupied real estate, as well as $359.1 million of multi-family residential loans and $14.0 million of farmland loans, as of March 31, 2026, compared to $374.7 million that are collateralized by owner-occupied real-estate and $531.1 million that are collateralized by non-owner-occupied real estate, as well as $367.9 million of multi-family residential loans and $12.2 million of farmland loans as of December 31, 2025. The primary risks of commercial real estate loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the collateralized real estate and significant increases in interest rates, which may make the real estate loan unprofitable. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy.
Consumer and other loans – The community bank originates a limited number of consumer loans, generally for banking customers only, which consist primarily of lines of credit, saving account secured loans, and auto loans. CCBX originates consumer loans including credit cards, consumer term loans and secured and unsecured lines of credit. This loan category also includes overdrafts. Repayment of these loans is dependent on the borrower’s ability to pay and the fair value of the underlying collateral.
As of March 31, 2026, $11.6 million in community bank loans are included in consumer and other loans, compared to $14.1 million at December 31, 2025.
As of March 31, 2026, $1.42 billion in CCBX loans are included in consumer and other loans, compared to $1.31 billion at December 31, 2025.
The following chart breaks out our consumer loan portfolio by segment and type of loan as of March 31, 2026. The largest portion of our consumer portfolio is comprised of CCBX installment loans and credit card loans. These loans are further divided to show the total secured and unsecured amounts in each of these categories. The average overall outstanding consumer loan balance is small at $700.
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)Outstanding Balance
% of Total Outstanding Balance Consumer Loans
Average Loan BalanceNumber of Loans
CCBX consumer loans
Installment loans - cash secured$174,036 12.2 %
Installment loans - unsecured495,508 34.6 
Installment loans - total669,544 46.8 $0.7 1,026,896
Credit cards - cash secured398 0.0 
Credit cards - unsecured693,087 48.4 
Credit cards - total693,485 48.4 1.5 456,317
Lines of credit29,956 2.1 0.1 303,549
Other loans27,443 1.9 0.1 297,989
Community bank consumer loans
Lines of credit163 0.0 5.3 31
Installment loans1,088 0.1 43.5 25
Other loans10,336 0.7 28.2 366
Total$1,432,015 100.0 %$0.7 2,085,173
The following chart breaks out our consumer loan portfolio by segment and type of loan as of December 31, 2025. The largest portion of our consumer portfolio is comprised of CCBX installment loans and credit card loans. These loans are further divided to show the total secured and unsecured amounts in each of these categories. The average overall outstanding consumer loan balance is small at $809.
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)Outstanding Balance
% of Total Outstanding Balance Consumer Loans
Average Loan BalanceNumber of Loans
CCBX consumer loans
Installment loans - cash secured$162,072 12.2 %
Installment loans - unsecured502,767 37.8 
Installment loans - total664,839 50.0 $0.8 864,638
Credit cards - cash secured56 0.0 
Credit cards - unsecured622,625 46.9 
Credit cards - total622,681 46.9 1.4 435,236
Lines of credit10,027 0.8 0.1 89,736
Other loans16,842 1.3 0.1 252,381
Community bank consumer loans
Lines of credit140 0.0 4.5 31
Installment loans3,010 0.2 111.5 27
Other loans10,922 0.8 28.6 382
Total$1,328,461 100.0 %$0.8 1,642,431
Past Due and Nonaccrual Loans
The following tables illustrate an age analysis of past due loans as of the dates indicated:
30-89
Days Past
Due
90 Days
or More
Past Due
Total
Past Due
CurrentTotal
Loans
90 Days or
More Past
Due and
Still
Accruing
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
March 31, 2026
Community Bank
Commercial and industrial
   loans
$500 $94 $594 $235,009 $235,603 $— 
Real estate loans:
Construction, land and
   land development
— — — 234,911 234,911 — 
Residential real estate— — — 199,185 199,185 — 
Commercial real estate106 4,344 4,450 1,296,097 1,300,547 — 
Consumer and other loans— 11,585 11,587 — 
Total community bank$608 $4,438 $5,046 $1,976,787 $1,981,833 $— 
CCBX
Commercial and industrial loans:
Capital call lines$— $— $— $176,384 $176,384 $— 
All other commercial &
   industrial loans
1,005 604 1,609 20,183 21,792 604 
Real estate loans:
Residential real
   estate loans
2,469 2,241 4,710 $261,327 $266,037 2,241 
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards28,977 29,437 58,414 $635,071 $693,485 24,149 
Other consumer and
   other loans
47,088 8,238 55,326 671,617 726,943 8,205 
Total CCBX $79,539 $40,520 $120,059 $1,764,582 $1,884,641 $35,199 
Total consolidated$80,147 $44,958 $125,105 $3,741,369 3,866,474 $35,199 
Less net deferred
   origination fees and
   premiums
(7,095)
Loans receivable$3,859,379 
30-89
Days Past
Due
90 Days
or More
Past Due
Total
Past Due
CurrentTotal
Loans
90 Days or
More Past
Due and
Still
Accruing
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
December 31, 2025
Community Bank
Commercial and industrial
   loans
$150 $2,070 $2,220 $222,219 $224,439 $— 
Real estate loans:
Construction, land and
   land development
— — — 222,075 222,075 — 
Residential real estate286 — 286 202,007 202,293 — 
Commercial real estate107 4,344 4,451 1,281,405 1,285,856 — 
Consumer and other loans— 14,071 14,072 — 
Total community bank$544 $6,414 $6,958 $1,941,777 $1,948,735 $— 
CCBX
Commercial and industrial loans:
Capital call lines$— $— $— $210,480 $210,480 $— 
All other commercial &
   industrial loans
1,075 654 1,729 17,437 19,166 654 
Real estate loans:
Residential real
   estate loans
3,125 1,961 5,086 $258,973 $264,059 $1,961 
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards27,752 26,632 54,384 $568,297 $622,681 $22,536 
Other consumer and
   other loans
38,187 8,078 46,265 $645,443 $691,708 $7,993 
Total CCBX70,139 37,325 107,464 1,700,630 1,808,094 33,144 
Total consolidated70,683 43,739 114,422 3,642,407 3,756,829 33,144 
Less net deferred
   origination fees and
   premiums
(7,298)
Loans receivable$3,749,531 
There were $35.2 million in CCBX loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest as of March 31, 2026, and $33.1 million as of December 31, 2025. This is attributed to loans originated through CCBX lending partners which continue to accrue interest up to 180 days past due. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, $34.2 million and $30.9 million, respectively of loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest are covered by credit enhancements provided by our CCBX partners that protect the Bank against losses.
The accrual of interest on community bank loans is discontinued when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payments as they become due or when they are 90 days past due as to either principal or interest, unless they are well secured and in the process of collection.  Installment/closed-end, and revolving/open-end consumer loans originated through CCBX lending partners typically continue to accrue interest until 120 and 180 days past due, respectively and an allowance is recorded through provision expense for these expected losses. Certain CCBX partners employ collection practices that place specific loans on nonaccrual status to enhance collectability. As of March 31, 2026, $22.3 million of these nonaccrual CCBX loans were less than 90 days past due, compared to $20.3 million as of December 31, 2025. For installment/closed-end and revolving/open-end consumer loans originated through CCBX lending partners with balances outstanding beyond 120 days and 180 days past due, respectively, principal and capitalized interest outstanding is charged off against the allowance and accrued interest outstanding is reversed against interest income. These consumer loans are reported as nonperforming/substandard, 90 days or more days past due and still accruing.
When loans are placed on nonaccrual status, all accrued interest is reversed from current period earnings. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are generally applied as a reduction to the loan principal balance. If the likelihood of further loss is removed, the Company will recognize interest on a cash basis only. Loans may be returned to accruing status if the Company believes that all remaining principal and interest is fully collectible and there has been at least six months of sustained repayment performance since the loan was placed on nonaccrual.
An analysis of nonaccrual loans by category consisted of the following at the periods indicated:
March 31,December 31,
20262025
Total NonaccrualNonaccrual with No ACLNonaccrual with
ACL
Total NonaccrualNonaccrual with No ACLNonaccrual with
ACL
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
Community Bank
Commercial and industrial
   loans
$170 $76 $94 $2,151 $2,058 $93 
Real estate loans:
Residential real estate314 314 — 38 38 — 
Commercial real estate4,344 4,344 — 4,344 4,344 — 
Total community bank
   nonaccrual loans
$4,828 $4,734 $94 $6,533 $6,440 $93 
CCBX
Commercial and industrial
   loans
$81 $— $81 $127 $— $127 
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards24,497 — 24,497 21,433 — 21,433 
Consumer and other
   consumer loans
3,015 — 3,015 2,875 — 2,875 
Total CCBX nonaccrual loans$27,593 $— $27,593 $24,435 $— $24,435 
Total consolidated nonaccrual
   loans
$32,421 $4,734 $27,687 $30,968 $6,440 $24,528 
In some circumstances, the Company modifies loans in response to borrower financial difficulty, and generally provides for a temporary modification of loan repayment terms. In order for a modified loan to be considered for accrual status, the loan’s collateral coverage generally will be greater than or equal to 100% of the loan balance, the loan is current on payments, and the borrower must either prefund an interest reserve or demonstrate the ability to make payments from a verified source of cash flow for an extended period of time, usually at least six months in duration.
There were no modified loans for community bank borrowers experiencing financial difficulty at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
The following tables present the CCBX loans at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 that were both experiencing financial difficulty and were modified in the twelve months previous to the dates presented by class and by type of modification. The percentage of the loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the total CCBX loans of each class is also presented below.
March 31, 2026Principal ForgivenessTerm ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionPrincipal Forgiveness & Payment DelayInterest Rate Reduction & Payment DelayPrincipal Forgiveness Payment Delay & Term ExtensionTotalTotal Class of Financing Receivable
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
CCBX
Commercial and industrial loans:
All other commercial & industrial loans
$— $609 $— $18 $— $— $627 2.88 %
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards13,526 — 32,489 — 2,302 — 48,317 6.97 
Other consumer and other loans— 2,994 — 2,410 — 32 5,436 0.75 
Total $13,526 $3,603 $32,489 $2,428 $2,302 $32 $54,380 1.41 %
December 31, 2025Principal ForgivenessTerm ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionPrincipal Forgiveness & Payment DelayInterest Rate Reduction & Payment DelayPrincipal Forgiveness, Payment Delay & Term ExtensionTotalTotal Class of Financing Receivable
(dollars in thousands)
CCBX
Commercial and industrial loans:
All other commercial & industrial loans
$— $763 $— $$— $— $767 4.00 %
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards13,780 — 32,566 — 685 — 47,031 7.55 
Other consumer and other loans— 4,087 — 832 — 15 4,934 0.71 
Total $13,780 $4,850 $32,566 $836 $685 $15 $52,732 1.41 %
The Company has committed to lend additional amounts totaling $23,000 to the borrowers included in the table above as of March 31, 2026.
The performance of loans modified is monitored to understand the effectiveness of the modification efforts. The following tables present the performance of such loans that have been modified in the last 12 months previous to the dates presented:
March 31, 202630-89
Days Past
Due
90 Days
or More
Past Due
Total Past Due
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
CCBX
Commercial and industrial loans:
All other commercial & industrial loans
$103 $26 $129 
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards8,280 8,153 16,433 
Other consumer and other loans569 100 669 
Total CCBX$8,952 $8,279 $17,231 
December 31, 202530-89
Days Past
Due
90 Days
or More
Past Due
Total Past Due
(dollars in thousands)
CCBX
Commercial and industrial loans:
All other commercial & industrial loans
$199 $28 $227 
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards8,403 7,114 15,517 
Other consumer and other loans745 321 1,066 
Total CCBX$9,347 $7,463 $16,810 
The following tables present the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the preceding 12 months as of the dates indicated:
March 31, 2026Principal ForgivenessWeighted Average Interest Rate ReductionWeighted Average Term Extension (years)
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
CCBX
Commercial and industrial loans:
All other commercial & industrial loans
$218 — %2.4
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards9,291 14.1 n/a
Other consumer and other loans7,644 — 2.0
Total CCBX$17,153 14.1 %2.1
December 31, 2025Principal ForgivenessWeighted Average Interest Rate ReductionWeighted Average Term Extension (years)
(dollars in thousands)
CCBX
Commercial and industrial loans:
All other commercial & industrial loans
$224 — %2.0
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards9,062 14.4 n/a
Other consumer and other loans5,904 — 2.0
Total CCBX$15,190 14.4 %2.0
The following tables present the total of loans that had a payment default during the preceding 12 months and which were modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in the twelve months prior to that default.
March 31, 2026Principal ForgivenessTerm ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionPrincipal Forgiveness & Payment DelayInterest Rate Reduction & Payment DelayPrincipal Forgiveness, Payment Delay & Term ExtensionTotal
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
CCBX
Commercial and industrial loans:
All other commercial & industrial loans
$— $137 $— $— — $— $137 
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards11,987 — 21,457 — 521 — 33,965 
Other consumer and other loans— 669 — 263 — 15 947 
Total$11,987 $806 $21,457 $263 $521 $15 $35,049 
December 31, 2025Principal ForgivenessTerm ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionPrincipal Forgiveness & Payment DelayInterest Rate Reduction & Payment DelayPrincipal Forgiveness, Payment Delay & Term ExtensionTotal
(dollars in thousands)
CCBX
Commercial and industrial loans:
All other commercial & industrial loans
$— $628 $— $$— $— $632 
Consumer and other loans:
Credit cards12,339 — 21,798 — 204 — 34,341 
Other consumer and other loans— 3,267 — 640 — 15 3,922 
Total$12,339 $3,895 $21,798 $644 $204 $15 $38,895 
Upon the Company’s determination that a modified loan (or portion of a loan) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or a portion of the loan) is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses. Therefore, the loan balance is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the allowance for credit losses is adjusted by the same amount.
Credit Quality and Credit Risk
Federal regulations require that the Company periodically evaluate the risks inherent in its loan portfolio. In addition, the Company’s regulatory agencies have authority to identify problem loans and, if appropriate, require them to be reclassified. The Company establishes loan grades for loans at the origination of the loan. Changes to community bank loan grades are considered at the time new information about the performance of a loan becomes available, including the receipt of updated financial information from the borrower and after loan reviews. For consumer loans, the Bank follows the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council’s Uniform Retail Credit Classification and Account Management Policy for subsequent classification in the event of payment delinquencies or default. Typically, an individual loan grade will not be changed from the prior period unless there is a specific indication of credit deterioration or improvement. Credit deterioration is evidenced by delinquency, direct communications with the borrower or other borrower information that becomes known to management. Credit improvements are evidenced by known facts regarding the borrower or the collateral property. The Company classifies some loans as Watch or Other Loans Especially Mentioned (“OLEM”). Loans classified as Watch are performing assets but have elements of risk that require more monitoring than other performing loans and are reported in the OLEM column in the following table. Loans classified as OLEM are assets that continue to perform but have shown deterioration in credit quality and require close monitoring. There are three classifications for problem loans: Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss. Substandard loans have one or more defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Revolving (open-ended loans, such as credit cards) and installment (closed end) consumer loans originated through CCBX partners typically continue to accrue interest until they are charged-off at 120 days past due for installment loans (primarily unsecured loans to consumers) and 180 days past due for revolving loans (primarily credit cards) and are classified as substandard once they are 90 days past due. CCBX partners may place certain loans on nonaccrual status prior to achieving these past due timelines. Doubtful loans have the weaknesses of loans classified as Substandard, with additional characteristics that suggest the weaknesses make collection or recovery in full after liquidation of collateral questionable on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values. There is a high possibility of loss in loans classified as Doubtful. A loan classified as Loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that continued classification of the credit as a loan is not warranted. If a loan or a portion thereof is classified as Loss, it must be charged-off, meaning the amount of the loss is charged against the allowance for credit losses, thereby reducing that reserve.
Management considers the guidance in ASC 310-20 when determining whether a modification, extension, or renewal of loan constitutes a current period origination.
The following tables show the risk category of community bank loans by year of origination for the periods indicated, based on the most recent analysis performed as of each period end:
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Community Bank20262025202420232022PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted To TermTotal
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
As of March 31, 2026
Commercial and industrial loans
Risk rating
Pass$21,360 $115,178 $6,956 $8,296 $32,986 $17,499 $29,480 $2,209 $233,964 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned45 — — — 49 1,215 159 — 1,468 
Substandard— — — 16 — — 155 — 171 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total commercial and industrial loans - All
   other commercial and industrial loans
$21,405 $115,178 $6,956 $8,312 $33,035 $18,714 $29,794 $2,209 $235,603 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Community Bank20262025202420232022PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted To TermTotal
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
As of March 31, 2026
Real estate loans - Construction, land and land
development loans
Risk rating
Pass$3,872 $115,782 $39,206 $61,474 $6,774 $4,058 $3,502 $— $234,668 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned— — — — — 243 — — 243 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total real estate loans - Construction, land
   and land development loans
$3,872 $115,782 $39,206 $61,474 $6,774 $4,301 $3,502 $— $234,911 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real estate loans - Residential real estate loans
Risk rating
Pass$3,882 $16,982 $10,032 $24,500 $27,704 $80,583 $33,132 $410 $197,225 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned— — — — — — 266 — 266 
Substandard— — 1,381 — 276 — 37 — 1,694 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total real estate loans - Residential real
   estate loans
$3,882 $16,982 $11,413 $24,500 $27,980 $80,583 $33,435 $410 $199,185 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real estate loans - Commercial real estate loans
Risk rating
Pass$59,131 $94,566 $44,995 $235,126 $262,134 $563,705 $9,321 $1,773 $1,270,751 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned— — 15,393 — 5,563 4,496 — — 25,452 
Substandard— — — — 344 4,000 — — 4,344 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total real estate loans - Commercial real
   estate loans
$59,131 $94,566 $60,388 $235,126 $268,041 $572,201 $9,321 $1,773 $1,300,547 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Community Bank20262025202420232022PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted To TermTotal
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
As of March 31, 2026
Consumer and other loans - Other consumer and
other loans
Risk rating
Pass$398 $282 $89 $28 $7,243 $2,906 $641 $— $11,587 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total consumer and other loans - Other
   consumer and other loans
$398 $282 $89 $28 $7,243 $2,906 $641 $— $11,587 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $
Total community bank loans receivable
Risk rating
Pass$88,643 $342,790 $101,278 $329,424 $336,841 $668,751 $76,076 $4,392 $1,948,195 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned45 — 15,393 — 5,612 5,954 425 — 27,429 
Substandard— — 1,381 16 620 4,000 192 — 6,209 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total community bank loans$88,688 $342,790 $118,052 $329,440 $343,073 $678,705 $76,693 $4,392 $1,981,833 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Community Bank20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted To TermTotal
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
As of December 31, 2025
Commercial and industrial loans
Risk rating
Pass$131,644 $8,897 $33,940 $10,279 $2,389 $5,363 $25,929 $2,256 $220,697 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned— — — — 1,216 — 375 — 1,591 
Substandard— 16 — 1,961 — — 174 — 2,151 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total commercial and industrial loans - All
   other commercial and industrial loans
$131,644 $8,913 $33,940 $12,240 $3,605 $5,363 $26,478 $2,256 $224,439 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real estate loans - Construction, land and land
development loans
Risk rating
Pass$139,810 $67,584 $6,838 $1,715 $239 $1,732 $3,502 $— $221,420 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned— — — 655 — — — — 655 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total real estate loans - Construction, land
   and land development loans
$139,810 $67,584 $6,838 $2,370 $239 $1,732 $3,502 $— $222,075 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Community Bank20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted To TermTotal
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
As of December 31, 2025
Real estate loans - Residential real estate loans
Risk rating
Pass$28,581 $24,678 $35,211 $34,525 $23,262 $25,146 $28,270 $414 $200,087 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned— — 286 — — — 501 — 787 
Substandard1,381 — — — — — 38 — 1,419 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total real estate loans - Residential real
   estate loans
$29,962 $24,678 $35,497 $34,525 $23,262 $25,146 $28,809 $414 $202,293 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $13 $— $— $13 
Real estate loans - Commercial real estate loans
Risk rating
Pass$138,619 $259,048 $263,101 $209,646 $98,897 $273,109 $10,005 $1,788 $1,254,213 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned15,374 — 5,593 1,302 3,243 1,787 — — 27,299 
Substandard— — 344 — 4,000 — — — 4,344 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total real estate loans - Commercial real
   estate loans
$153,993 $259,048 $269,038 $210,948 $106,140 $274,896 $10,005 $1,788 $1,285,856 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
Community Bank20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted To TermTotal
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
As of December 31, 2025
Consumer and other loans - Other consumer and
other loans
Risk rating
Pass$2,526 $32 $7,394 $— $206 $2,710 $1,204 $— $14,072 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total consumer and other loans - Other
   consumer and other loans
$2,526 $32 $7,394 $— $206 $2,710 $1,204 $— $14,072 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$29 $15 $— $— $— $— $— $— $44 
Total community bank loans receivable
Risk rating
Pass$441,180 $360,239 $346,484 $256,165 $124,993 $308,060 $68,910 $4,458 $1,910,489 
Other Loan Especially Mentioned15,374 — 5,879 1,957 4,459 1,787 876 — 30,332 
Substandard1,381 16 344 1,961 4,000 — 212 — 7,914 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
Total community bank loans$457,935 $360,255 $352,707 $260,083 $133,452 $309,847 $69,998 $4,458 $1,948,735 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$29 $15 $— $— $— $13 $— $— $57 
The Company considers the performance of the CCBX loan portfolio and its impact on the allowance for credit losses. For CCBX loans, the Company also evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously presented, and by payment activity. The following tables present the loans in CCBX based on payment activity for the periods indicated:
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
CCBX20262025202420232022PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted To TermTotal
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
As of March 31, 2026
Commercial and industrial loans - Capital
call lines
Payment performance
Performing$— $— $— $— $— $— $176,384 $— $176,384 
Nonperforming— — — — — — — — — 
Total commercial and industrial loans - Capital
   call lines
$— $— $— $— $— $— $176,384 $— $176,384 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial and industrial loans - All other
commercial and industrial loans
Payment performance
Performing$— $— $9,570 $1,519 $— $$10,016 $— $21,107 
Nonperforming— — 317 31 — — 337 — 685 
Total commercial and industrial loans - All
   other commercial and industrial loans
$— $— $9,887 $1,550 $— $$10,353 $— $21,792 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $732 $135 $— $— $279 $— $1,146 
Real estate loans - Residential real estate loans
Payment performance
Performing$— $— $— $— $— $— $262,105 $1,691 $263,796 
Nonperforming— — — — — — 2,241 — 2,241 
Total real estate loans - Residential real estate
   loans
$— $— $— $— $— $— $264,346 $1,691 $266,037 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $705 $— $705 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
CCBX20262025202420232022PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted To TermTotal
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
As of March 31, 2026
Consumer and other loans - Credit cards
Payment performance
Performing$— $— $— $— $— $— $644,813 $26 $644,839 
Nonperforming— — — — — — 48,646 — 48,646 
Total consumer and other loans - Credit cards$— $— $— $— $— $— $693,459 $26 $693,485 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $25,465 $— $25,465 
Consumer and other loans - Other consumer
and other loans
Payment performance
Performing$194,706 $278,929 $136,795 $61,917 $18,080 $699 $24,597 $— $715,723 
Nonperforming879 3,706 3,822 1,986 494 49 284 — 11,220 
Total consumer and other loans - Other
   consumer and other loans
$195,585 $282,635 $140,617 $63,903 $18,574 $748 $24,881 $— $726,943 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$18 $8,672 $8,267 $4,283 $903 $124 $4,938 $— $27,205 
Total CCBX loans receivable
Payment performance
Performing$194,706 $278,929 $146,365 $63,436 $18,080 $701 $1,117,915 $1,717 $1,821,849 
Nonperforming879 3,706 4,139 2,017 494 49 51,508 — 62,792 
Total CCBX loans$195,585 $282,635 $150,504 $65,453 $18,574 $750 $1,169,423 $1,717 $1,884,641 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$18 $8,672 $8,999 $4,418 $903 $124 $31,387 $— $54,521 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
CCBX20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted To TermTotal
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
As of December 31, 2025
Commercial and industrial loans - Capital call lines
Payment performance
Performing$— $— $— $— $— $— $210,480 $— $210,480 
Nonperforming— — — — — — — — — 
Total commercial and industrial loans - Capital
   call lines
$— $— $— $— $— $— $210,480 $— $210,480 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial and industrial loans - All other
commercial and industrial loans
Payment performance
Performing$— $15 $11,546 $1,903 $— $$4,919 $— $18,385 
Nonperforming— — 364 85 — — 332 — 781 
Total commercial and industrial loans - All other
    commercial and industrial loans
$— $15 $11,910 $1,988 $— $$5,251 $— $19,166 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $18 $5,164 $817 $$$816 $— $6,823 
Real estate loans - Residential real estate loans
Payment performance
Performing$— $— $— $— $— $— $260,146 $1,952 $262,098 
Nonperforming— — — — — — 1,961 — 1,961 
Total real estate loans - Residential real estate
   loans
$— $— $— $— $— $— $262,107 $1,952 $264,059 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $4,923 $— $4,923 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
CCBX20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted To TermTotal
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
As of December 31, 2025
Consumer and other loans - Credit cards
Payment performance
Performing$— $— $— $— $— $— $578,684 $28 $578,712 
Nonperforming— — — — — — 43,969 — 43,969 
Total consumer and other loans - Credit cards$— $— $— $— $— $— $622,653 $28 $622,681 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $109,468 $— $109,468 
Consumer and other loans - Other consumer and other
loans
Payment performance
Performing$393,010 $168,728 $75,052 $22,104 $874 $89 $20,983 $— $680,840 
Nonperforming2,336 3,870 3,416 818 126 10 292 — 10,868 
Total consumer and other loans - Other
   consumer and other loans
$395,346 $172,598 $78,468 $22,922 $1,000 $99 $21,275 $— $691,708 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$9,522 $36,940 $23,660 $7,840 $734 $$17,220 $— $95,918 
Total CCBX loans receivable
Payment performance
Performing$393,010 $168,743 $86,598 $24,007 $874 $91 $1,075,212 $1,980 $1,750,515 
Nonperforming2,336 3,870 3,780 903 126 10 46,554 — 57,579 
Total CCBX loans$395,346 $172,613 $90,378 $24,910 $1,000 $101 $1,121,766 $1,980 $1,808,094 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$9,522 $36,958 $28,824 $8,657 $738 $$132,427 $— $217,132 
Allowance for Credit Losses ("ACL")
CCBX loans have a higher level of expected losses than our community bank loans, which is reflected in the factors for the allowance for credit losses. Agreements with our CCBX partners provide for a credit enhancement which protects the Bank by reimbursing most losses. In accordance with accounting guidance, we estimate and record a provision for expected losses for these CCBX loans, reclassified negative deposit accounts and accrued interest receivable on CCBX loans, while actual losses are recognized as incurred. When the provision for CCBX credit losses and provision for unfunded commitments are recorded, a credit enhancement asset is also recorded on the balance sheet through noninterest income (BaaS credit enhancements). The credit enhancement asset is reduced when credit enhancement payments are received from the CCBX partner or taken from the partner's cash reserve account. CCBX partners provide for credit enhancements that provide protection to the Bank from credit and fraud losses by reimbursing the Bank for the losses. If the partner is unable to fulfill its contracted obligations then the Bank could be exposed to the loss of the reimbursement and credit enhancement income. In accordance with the program agreement for one CCBX partner, the Company is responsible for credit losses on approximately 5% of a $324.0 million loan portfolio that are without credit enhancement reimbursements. At March 31, 2026, 5% of this portfolio represented $22.0 million in loans. The partner is responsible for reimbursing credit losses on approximately 95% of this portfolio and for fraud losses on 100% of this portfolio. The Company earns 100% of the interest income on the aforementioned $22.0 million of loans.
The following tables summarize the allocation of the ACL, as well as the activity in the ACL attributed to various segments in the loan portfolio, as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and for the three months ended March 31, 2025:
Commercial
and
Industrial
Construction,
Land, and
Land
Development
Residential
Real
Estate
Commercial
Real Estate
Consumer
and Other
Total
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
ACL balance, December 31, 2025
$8,757 $6,580 $11,100 $5,496 $137,597 $169,530 
Provision for credit losses or (recapture)(45)(479)(1,909)514 54,403 52,484 
8,712 6,101 9,191 6,010 192,000 222,014 
Loans charged-off(1,146)— (705)— (52,672)(54,523)
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off162 — 12 — 4,762 4,936 
Net charge-offs(984)— (693)— (47,910)(49,587)
ACL balance, March 31, 2026
$7,728 $6,101 $8,498 $6,010 $144,090 $172,427 
      
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025      
ACL balance, December 31, 2024$11,051 $3,439 $12,250 $8,456 $141,798 $176,994 
Provision for credit losses or (recapture)566 1,092 2,796 (350)50,280 54,384 
 11,617 4,531 15,046 8,106 192,078 231,378 
Loans charged-off(1,907)— (1,605)— (50,174)(53,686)
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off356 — 5,124 5,486 
Net (charge-offs) recoveries(1,551)— (1,603)(45,050)(48,200)
ACL Balance, March 31, 2025
$10,066 $4,531 $13,443 $8,110 $147,028 $183,178 
There was a provision recapture for unfunded commitments of $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to a provision for unfunded commitments of $613,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025. There was a provision for accrued interest receivable on CCBX loans of $11,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $784,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and a provision for accounts receivable of $252,000 for the months ended March 31, 2026 with no such provision for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
The following tables present the collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, and the related ACL allocated to these loans as of the dates indicated:
Real EstateBusiness AssetsTotalACL
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
March 31, 2026
Commercial and industrial loans$— $94 $94 $94 
Real estate loans:
Residential real estate37 — 37 — 
Commercial real estate4,344 — 4,344 — 
Total$4,381 $94 $4,475 $94 
Real EstateBusiness AssetsTotalACL
(dollars in thousands; unaudited)
December 31, 2025
Commercial and industrial loans$— $190 $190 $93 
Real estate loans:
Residential real estate$39 $— $39 $— 
Commercial real estate4,344 — 4,344 — 
Total$4,383 $190 $4,573 $93