Debt

The Company accounts for debt instruments in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, No. 470, Debt. Debt is initially recorded at the amount of cash proceeds received, adjusted for debt discounts, premiums, and issuance costs, and is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Debt is classified as current or noncurrent based on the contractual maturity date and the absence or presence of conditions that would require repayment within twelve months of the balance sheet date.

The Company’s financing arrangements may include non‑revolving delayed draw commitments. Fees paid in connection with obtaining such commitments are deferred and recorded as a loan commitment asset, which represents the Company’s contractual right to access future financing. The loan commitment asset is initially measured at fair value and is assessed for impairment at each reporting period. Upon the funding of a delayed draw term loan, the Company derecognizes the associated portion of the loan commitment asset and records it as a discount to the funded debt, which is amortized to interest expense over the term of the related loan using the effective interest method. If it becomes probable that all or a portion of a loan commitment will not be drawn, the related portion of the loan commitment asset is expensed immediately.

Debt arrangements are evaluated for embedded features that may require bifurcation and separate accounting under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. Embedded features that meet the definition of a derivative and are not clearly and closely related to the debt host are bifurcated unless a scope exception applies. If bifurcation is required, embedded derivatives are initially and subsequently measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.

Basis of presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative GAAP as found in the ASC and Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, of the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB.

Principles of consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the results of operations of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of and during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience when available and on various factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, incremental borrowing rate used in the calculation of lease liabilities, research and development expenses, stock-based compensation, contingent consideration liabilities, success payments and certain judgments regarding revenue recognition. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

The Company early adopted ASU No. 2025-07, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Scope Refinements and Scope Clarification for Share-Based Noncash Consideration from a Customer in a Revenue Contract, or ASU 2025-07, in the fourth quarter of 2025 using a modified retrospective approach. The new guidance modifies Accounting Standards Codification Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, or Topic 815, to add a scope exclusion for contracts that are not traded on an exchange if the underlying on which the settlement is based relates to operations or activities specific to one of the parties to the contract. As a result, an existing contract that includes a settlement feature based on the Company’s operations or activities is now excluded from Topic 815 and will now be accounted for in accordance with ASC 450, Contingencies, or ASC 450, whereby any settlements will be recognized as such obligations become probable and estimable. The adoption of ASU 2025-07 using a modified retrospective approach requires the Company to adopt the standard as of January 1, 2025. Upon adoption, the Company recognized a cumulative-effect adjustment to remove the previously recognized derivative liability as of January 1, 2025, reducing the long-term portion of derivative liabilities by $5.4 million, with an offsetting adjustment to accumulated deficit. The previously reported statement

of operations and comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2025 has been adjusted to reflect this guidance, resulting in reducing the previously reported net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2025 by $0.9 million, which was an impact of $0.10 per share. The adjustment had no impact on previously reported cash flows from operating, investing, or financing activities within the Company's condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. In accordance with ASC 450, no liability has been recognized for the contingent payments under the contract through March 31, 2026.

Recently announced accounting pronouncements

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This ASU requires disclosure of specified information about certain costs and expenses in the footnotes to the financial statements. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and is applicable to the Company’s fiscal year beginning January 1, 2027, with early application permitted. The Company has not early adopted this ASU and is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software. This standard is intended to modernize the accounting for internal-use software. Under the new standard, the Company will capitalize eligible costs when (i) management has authorized and committed to funding the software project, and (ii) it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform the function intended. The standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted as of the beginning of a fiscal year. The standard may be applied prospectively, retrospectively or using a modified transition approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on the Company’s consolidated operating results, cash flows, financial condition and related disclosures.

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents consist of standard checking accounts, money market accounts, and all highly liquid investments with a remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase. Restricted cash represents collateral provided for letters of credit issued as security deposits in connection with the Company’s leases of its corporate facilities.