| Operating Costs and Other Expenses The following table summarizes the Company’s operating costs and other expenses (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Three Months Ended March 31, | | | | 2026 | | 2025 | | | | | | Asset-based commission expenses | $ | 295 | | | $ | 284 | | | | | | | Other commission expenses | 322 | | | 215 | | | | | | | Sub-advisor expenses | 74 | | | 78 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | General and administrative expenses (1) | 299 | | | 259 | | | | | | | Deferral of acquisition costs | (255) | | | (159) | | | | | | | Total operating costs and other expenses | $ | 735 | | | $ | 677 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1)Includes gains (losses) on derivative instruments economically hedging liabilities related to the non-qualified voluntary deferred compensation plan beginning in the third quarter 2025.
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