v3.26.1
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2026
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
3.
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

Loans in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consisted of the following:

(Dollars in thousands)

 

March 31, 2026

 

 

December 31, 2025

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential owner occupied

 

$

572,037

 

 

$

434,715

 

Non-farm non-residential non-owner occupied

 

 

929,598

 

 

 

710,401

 

Residential

 

 

543,804

 

 

 

333,419

 

Construction, development & other

 

 

894,767

 

 

 

823,353

 

Farmland

 

 

32,379

 

 

 

26,485

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

2,182,864

 

 

 

1,906,616

 

Consumer

 

 

2,265

 

 

 

1,576

 

Municipal and other

 

 

93,744

 

 

 

158,186

 

 

 

5,251,458

 

 

 

4,394,751

 

Allowance for credit losses

 

 

(51,455

)

 

 

(43,949

)

Loans, net

 

$

5,200,003

 

 

$

4,350,802

 

Total loans are presented net of unaccreted discounts and net deferred fees totaling $23.5 million and $22.0 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

Non-accrual and Past Due Loans

Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. As mentioned in Note 1, the accrual of interest on loans is discontinued when there is a clear indication that the borrower’s cash flow may not be sufficient to meet payments as they become due, which is generally when a loan is 90 days past due.

Non-accrual loans, non-accrual loans without a specific ACL, and accruing loans past due 90 days or more segregated by class of loans were as follows:

 

 

March 31, 2026

 

 

December 31, 2025

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Non-accrual

 

 

Non-accrual loans with no ACL

 

 

Accruing loans
past due 90
days or more

 

 

Non-accrual

 

 

Non-accrual loans with no ACL

 

 

Accruing loans
past due 90
days or more

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential owner occupied

 

$

618

 

 

$

618

 

 

$

2,539

 

 

$

1,235

 

 

$

1,235

 

 

$

679

 

Non-farm non-residential non-owner occupied

 

 

17,140

 

 

 

17,140

 

 

 

915

 

 

 

99

 

 

 

99

 

 

 

5,503

 

Residential

 

 

374

 

 

 

203

 

 

 

2,760

 

 

 

387

 

 

 

209

 

 

 

2,023

 

Construction, development & other

 

 

603

 

 

 

603

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,847

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

10,487

 

 

 

9,385

 

 

 

182

 

 

 

8,399

 

 

 

8,120

 

 

 

1,308

 

 

$

29,222

 

 

$

27,949

 

 

$

6,396

 

 

$

10,120

 

 

$

9,663

 

 

$

11,360

 

For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, no interest income was recognized on loans placed back on accrual as no loans were transferred out of nonaccrual during both periods.

An age analysis of past due loans, segregated by class of loans, was as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

 

30-59
days

 

 

60-89
days

 

 

Over 90
days

 

 

Total
past due

 

 

Total
current

 

 

Total
loans

 

March 31, 2026

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential
   owner occupied

 

$

4,311

 

 

$

2,975

 

 

$

3,157

 

 

$

10,443

 

 

$

561,594

 

 

$

572,037

 

Non-farm non-residential
   non-owner occupied

 

 

5,446

 

 

 

1,622

 

 

 

18,055

 

 

 

25,123

 

 

 

904,475

 

 

 

929,598

 

Residential

 

 

5,872

 

 

 

4,052

 

 

 

3,134

 

 

 

13,058

 

 

 

530,746

 

 

 

543,804

 

Construction,
   development & other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

603

 

 

 

603

 

 

 

894,164

 

 

 

894,767

 

Farmland

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

32,379

 

 

 

32,379

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

9,527

 

 

 

4,116

 

 

 

10,669

 

 

 

24,312

 

 

 

2,158,552

 

 

 

2,182,864

 

Consumer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,265

 

 

 

2,265

 

Municipal and other

 

 

90

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

90

 

 

 

93,654

 

 

 

93,744

 

 

$

25,246

 

 

$

12,765

 

 

$

35,618

 

 

$

73,629

 

 

$

5,177,829

 

 

$

5,251,458

 

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential
   owner occupied

 

$

5,695

 

 

$

816

 

 

$

1,914

 

 

$

8,425

 

 

$

426,290

 

 

$

434,715

 

Non-farm non-residential
   non-owner occupied

 

 

5,094

 

 

 

497

 

 

 

5,602

 

 

 

11,193

 

 

 

699,208

 

 

 

710,401

 

Residential

 

 

5,512

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,410

 

 

 

7,922

 

 

 

325,497

 

 

 

333,419

 

Construction,
   development & other

 

 

 

 

 

603

 

 

 

1,847

 

 

 

2,450

 

 

 

820,903

 

 

 

823,353

 

Farmland

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

26,485

 

 

 

26,485

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

3,517

 

 

 

558

 

 

 

9,707

 

 

 

13,782

 

 

 

1,892,834

 

 

 

1,906,616

 

Consumer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,576

 

 

 

1,576

 

Municipal and other

 

 

60

 

 

 

24

 

 

 

 

 

 

84

 

 

 

158,102

 

 

 

158,186

 

 

$

19,878

 

 

$

2,498

 

 

$

21,480

 

 

$

43,856

 

 

$

4,350,895

 

 

$

4,394,751

 

Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

A loan is considered modified under ASU 2022-02 if the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and the loan has been modified. Modifications may include interest rate reductions or below market interest rates, restructuring amortization schedules and other actions intended to minimize potential losses.

For the three months ended March 31, 2026, no loans were modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. One loan was modified for a borrower experiencing financial difficulty for the year ended December 31, 2025.

 

 

Loan modifications

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Number
 of
 loans

 

 

Post-
restructured
recorded
investment

 

 

Total Class of Financing Receivable

 

 

Principal Forgiveness

 

 

Adjusted
interest
rate

 

 

Payment
deferral

 

 

Combined
rate and
payment
deferral

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

1

 

 

 

2,812

 

 

 

0.1

%

 

 

 

 

 

14.0

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

On an ongoing basis, the performance of modified loans for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is monitored for subsequent payment default. Payment default is recognized when the borrower is 90 days or more past due. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, there were no modified loans in the previous twelve-month period that were in default.

Significant Loan Sales

Securitization of a $100 Million Commercial Real Estate Loan Transaction

On April 1, 2025, the Bank entered into a $100 million securitization transaction of a revolving commercial real estate loan (the “April Mortgage Loan”) secured by interests in 1-4 family residential dwellings located in the state of Texas.

The Bank created participation interests in the April Mortgage Loan pursuant to a Participation Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2025, by and between the Bank, as initial Participation A-1 holder, the Bank, as initial Participation A-2 holder, and the Bank, as initial Participation A-3 holder. The Bank subsequently sold Participation A-1 to EJF CRT 2025-1 Depositor LLC (the “Depositor”), who subsequently sold Participation A-1 to EJF CRT 2025-1 LLC (the “Issuer”). The Bank retained Participation A-2 and Participation A-3.

The Issuer pledged Participation A-1, representing the Issuer's pro rata economic interest in the April Mortgage Loan, to U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (the “Indenture Trustee”), pursuant to an Indenture, dated as of April 1, 2025 (the “Indenture”), by and between the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee, the Bank, as servicer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as securities intermediary, and issued its Asset-Backed Notes, Series 2025-1, consisting of Class A-1 Notes and Class M-1 Notes. The Issuer sold the Class A-1 Notes to the Bank and certain of the Class M-1 Notes to affiliates of the Depositor on April 1, 2025.

Securitization of a $150 Million Commercial Real Estate Loan Transaction

On June 3, 2025, the Bank entered into a $150 million securitization transaction of certain commercial real estate loans (the “June Mortgage Loans”) originated by the Bank.

The Bank created participation interests in the June Mortgage Loans pursuant to Participation Agreements, dated as of June 3, 2025, by and between the Bank, as initial Participation A-1 holder, the Bank, as initial Participation A-2 holder, and the Bank, as initial Participation A-3 holder. The Bank subsequently sold Participation A-1 to EJF CRT 2025-2 Depositor LLC (the “Depositor”), who subsequently sold Participation A-1 to EJF CRT 2025-2 LLC (the “Issuer”). The Bank retained participation interests not sold to the Depositor.

The Issuer pledged Participation A-1, representing the Issuer's pro rata economic interest in the June Mortgage Loans, to U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (the “Indenture Trustee”), pursuant to an Indenture, dated as of June 3, 2025 (the “Indenture”), by and between the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee, the Bank, as servicer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as securities intermediary, and issued its Asset-Backed Notes, Series 2025-2, consisting of Class A-1 Notes and Class M-1 Notes. The Issuer sold the Class A-1 Notes to the Bank and certain of the Class M-1 Notes to affiliates of the Depositor on June 3, 2025.

The transfer of loans was accounted for as a sale of participation interests for financial reporting purposes. No gains or losses were recognized in connection with the transactions.

Credit Quality Indicators

Credit Quality Indicators. From a credit risk standpoint, the Company classifies its loans in one of six categories: (i) pass, (ii) special mention, (iii) substandard, (iv) purchased credit deteriorated (“PCD”), (v) doubtful, or (vi) loss.

The classifications of loans reflect a judgment about the risks of default and loss associated with the loan. The Company reviews the ratings on credits monthly. Ratings are adjusted to reflect the degree of risk and loss that is felt to be inherent in each credit as of each monthly reporting period. The Company’s methodology is structured so that specific allocations are increased in accordance with deterioration in credit quality (and a corresponding increase in risk and loss) or decreased in accordance with improvement in credit quality (and a corresponding decrease in risk and loss).

(i) The Company has several pass credit grades that are assigned to loans based on varying levels of credits, ranging from credits that are secured by cash or marketable securities, to watch credits that have all the characteristics of an acceptable credit risk but warrant more than the normal level of supervision.

(ii) Special mention loans are loans that still show sufficient cash flow to service their debt but show a declining financial trend with potential cash flow shortages if trends continue. This category should be treated as a temporary grade. If cash flow deteriorates further to become negative, then a substandard grade should be given. If cash flow trends begin to improve then an upgrade back to pass would be justified. Nonfinancial reasons for rating a credit special mention include management problems, pending litigation, an ineffective loan agreement or other material structure weakness.

(iii) A substandard loan has material weakness in the primary repayment source such as insufficient cash flow from operations to service the debt. However, other weaknesses such as limited paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged could justify a substandard grade. Substandard loans must have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt.

(iv) Credits purchased from third parties are recorded at their estimated fair value at the acquisition date and are classified as PCD loans if the loans reflect credit deterioration since origination and it is probable at acquisition that the Company will be unable to collect all contractually required payments.

(v) A loan classified as doubtful has all the weaknesses of a substandard loan with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. A doubtful loan has a high probability of total or substantial loss, but because of specific pending events that may strengthen the asset, its classification as loss is deferred. Doubtful borrowers are usually in default, lack adequate liquidity or capital, and lack the resources necessary to remain an operating entity. Because of high probability of loss, non-accrual status is required on doubtful loans.

(vi) Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as banking assets are not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may be affected in the future. With loans classified as loss, the underlying borrowers are often in bankruptcy, have formally suspended debt repayments, or have otherwise ceased normal business operations. Once an asset is classified as loss, there is little prospect of collecting either its principal or interest. When access to collateral, rather than the value of the collateral, is a problem, a less severe classification may be appropriate. However, the Company does not maintain an asset on the balance sheet if realizing its value would require long-term litigation or other lengthy recovery efforts. Losses are to be recorded in the period an obligation becomes uncollectible.

The following tables summarize the Company’s internal ratings of its loans at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Pass

 

 

Special
Mention

 

 

Substandard

 

 

Purchased
Credit
Deteriorated

 

 

Doubtful

 

 

Total

 

March 31, 2026

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential
   owner occupied

 

$

554,608

 

 

$

2,655

 

 

$

12,299

 

 

$

2,475

 

 

$

 

 

$

572,037

 

Non-farm non-residential
   non-owner occupied

 

 

871,722

 

 

 

21,579

 

 

 

33,347

 

 

 

2,950

 

 

 

 

 

 

929,598

 

Residential

 

 

543,507

 

 

 

 

 

 

297

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

543,804

 

Construction,
   development & other

 

 

885,961

 

 

 

5,391

 

 

 

3,415

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

894,767

 

Farmland

 

 

31,622

 

 

 

 

 

 

757

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

32,379

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

2,142,347

 

 

 

30,559

 

 

 

7,851

 

 

 

2,107

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,182,864

 

Consumer

 

 

2,233

 

 

 

32

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,265

 

Municipal and other

 

 

93,744

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

93,744

 

 

$

5,125,744

 

 

$

60,216

 

 

$

57,966

 

 

$

7,532

 

 

$

 

 

$

5,251,458

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Pass

 

 

Special
Mention

 

 

Substandard

 

 

Doubtful

 

 

Total

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential
   owner occupied

 

$

414,506

 

 

$

6,725

 

 

$

13,484

 

 

$

 

 

$

434,715

 

Non-farm non-residential
   non-owner occupied

 

 

689,381

 

 

 

4,619

 

 

 

16,401

 

 

 

 

 

 

710,401

 

Residential

 

 

333,055

 

 

 

 

 

 

364

 

 

 

 

 

 

333,419

 

Construction,
   development & other

 

 

819,938

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,415

 

 

 

 

 

 

823,353

 

Farmland

 

 

25,719

 

 

 

766

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

26,485

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

1,863,861

 

 

 

34,836

 

 

 

7,919

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,906,616

 

Consumer

 

 

1,542

 

 

 

34

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,576

 

Municipal and other

 

 

158,186

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

158,186

 

 

$

4,306,188

 

 

$

46,980

 

 

$

41,583

 

 

$

 

 

$

4,394,751

 

 

The following tables summarize the Company's loans by risk grades, loan class and vintage, at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

 

 

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year

 

 

Revolving Loans Amortized

 

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

2026

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

 

2022

 

 

Prior Years

 

 

Cost Basis

 

 

Total

 

March 31, 2026

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential
   owner occupied

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

25,195

 

 

$

122,660

 

 

$

80,171

 

 

$

44,404

 

 

$

95,087

 

 

$

166,974

 

 

$

20,117

 

 

$

554,608

 

Special Mention

 

 

 

 

 

2,655

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,655

 

Substandard

 

 

290

 

 

 

1,878

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,095

 

 

 

6,036

 

 

 

 

 

 

12,299

 

Purchased Credit Deteriorated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,475

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,475

 

Total Non-Farm non-residential owner-occupied

 

$

25,485

 

 

$

127,193

 

 

$

82,646

 

 

$

44,404

 

 

$

99,182

 

 

$

173,010

 

 

$

20,117

 

 

$

572,037

 

Non-farm non-residential
   non-owner occupied

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

61,510

 

 

$

250,271

 

 

$

108,453

 

 

$

72,304

 

 

$

173,051

 

 

$

184,138

 

 

$

21,995

 

 

$

871,722

 

Special Mention

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,963

 

 

 

2,616

 

 

 

 

 

 

21,579

 

Substandard

 

 

 

 

 

26,876

 

 

 

90

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,381

 

 

 

 

 

 

33,347

 

Purchased Credit Deteriorated

 

 

2,950

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,950

 

Total Non-Farm non-residential non owner-occupied

 

$

64,460

 

 

$

277,147

 

 

$

108,543

 

 

$

72,304

 

 

$

192,014

 

 

$

193,135

 

 

$

21,995

 

 

$

929,598

 

Residential

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

30,537

 

 

$

84,888

 

 

$

55,946

 

 

$

83,706

 

 

$

139,919

 

 

$

99,815

 

 

$

48,696

 

 

$

543,507

 

Substandard

 

 

 

 

 

72

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

203

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

 

 

 

297

 

Total Residential

 

$

30,537

 

 

$

84,960

 

 

$

55,946

 

 

$

83,706

 

 

$

140,122

 

 

$

99,837

 

 

$

48,696

 

 

$

543,804

 

Construction,
   development & other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

19,501

 

 

$

167,342

 

 

$

87,811

 

 

$

42,872

 

 

$

9,772

 

 

$

8,332

 

 

$

550,331

 

 

$

885,961

 

Special Mention

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,391

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,391

 

Substandard

 

 

 

 

 

3,415

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,415

 

Total Construction, development & other

 

$

19,501

 

 

$

170,757

 

 

$

87,811

 

 

$

42,872

 

 

$

15,163

 

 

$

8,332

 

 

$

550,331

 

 

$

894,767

 

Farmland

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

7,332

 

 

$

2,317

 

 

$

3,153

 

 

$

8,216

 

 

$

8,059

 

 

$

1,479

 

 

$

1,066

 

 

$

31,622

 

Substandard

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

757

 

 

 

 

 

 

757

 

Total Farmland

 

$

7,332

 

 

$

2,317

 

 

$

3,153

 

 

$

8,216

 

 

$

8,059

 

 

$

2,236

 

 

$

1,066

 

 

$

32,379

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

58,352

 

 

$

409,825

 

 

$

91,925

 

 

$

64,774

 

 

$

71,951

 

 

$

34,821

 

 

$

1,410,699

 

 

$

2,142,347

 

Special Mention

 

 

 

 

 

1,779

 

 

 

796

 

 

 

8,374

 

 

 

173

 

 

 

 

 

 

19,437

 

 

 

30,559

 

Substandard

 

 

 

 

 

58

 

 

 

302

 

 

 

2,843

 

 

 

786

 

 

 

362

 

 

 

3,500

 

 

 

7,851

 

Purchased Credit Deteriorated

 

 

 

 

 

467

 

 

 

206

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,392

 

 

 

 

 

 

42

 

 

 

2,107

 

Total Commercial & industrial

 

$

58,352

 

 

$

412,129

 

 

$

93,229

 

 

$

75,991

 

 

$

74,302

 

 

$

35,183

 

 

$

1,433,678

 

 

$

2,182,864

 

Consumer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

32

 

 

$

986

 

 

$

153

 

 

$

494

 

 

$

152

 

 

$

416

 

 

$

 

 

$

2,233

 

Special Mention

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

32

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

32

 

Total Consumer

 

$

32

 

 

$

986

 

 

$

153

 

 

$

526

 

 

$

152

 

 

$

416

 

 

$

 

 

$

2,265

 

Municipal and other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

392

 

 

$

5,452

 

 

$

89

 

 

$

18,252

 

 

$

2,846

 

 

$

309

 

 

$

66,404

 

 

$

93,744

 

Total Municipal and other

 

$

392

 

 

$

5,452

 

 

$

89

 

 

$

18,252

 

 

$

2,846

 

 

$

309

 

 

$

66,404

 

 

$

93,744

 

Total Loans

 

$

206,091

 

 

$

1,080,941

 

 

$

431,570

 

 

$

346,271

 

 

$

531,840

 

 

$

512,458

 

 

$

2,142,287

 

 

$

5,251,458

 

 

 

 

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year

 

 

Revolving Loans Amortized

 

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

 

2022

 

 

2021

 

 

Prior Years

 

 

Cost Basis

 

 

Total

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential
   owner occupied

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

100,756

 

 

$

64,629

 

 

$

23,658

 

 

$

64,818

 

 

$

81,912

 

 

$

63,195

 

 

$

15,538

 

 

$

414,506

 

Special Mention

 

 

4,013

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,284

 

 

 

1,428

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,725

 

Substandard

 

 

1,017

 

 

 

 

 

 

87

 

 

 

4,103

 

 

 

4,115

 

 

 

4,162

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,484

 

Total Non-Farm non-residential owner-occupied

 

$

105,786

 

 

$

64,629

 

 

$

23,745

 

 

$

68,921

 

 

$

87,311

 

 

$

68,785

 

 

$

15,538

 

 

$

434,715

 

Non-farm non-residential
   non-owner occupied

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

220,305

 

 

$

74,690

 

 

$

63,540

 

 

$

153,972

 

 

$

122,038

 

 

$

30,599

 

 

$

24,237

 

 

$

689,381

 

Special Mention

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,976

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,643

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,619

 

Substandard

 

 

9,856

 

 

 

100

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,161

 

 

 

284

 

 

 

 

 

 

16,401

 

Total Non-Farm non-residential non owner-occupied

 

$

230,161

 

 

$

74,790

 

 

$

63,540

 

 

$

155,948

 

 

$

128,199

 

 

$

33,526

 

 

$

24,237

 

 

$

710,401

 

Residential

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

65,081

 

 

$

39,057

 

 

$

72,387

 

 

$

74,976

 

 

$

56,620

 

 

$

18,219

 

 

$

6,715

 

 

$

333,055

 

Substandard

 

 

73

 

 

 

82

 

 

 

 

 

 

209

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

364

 

Total Residential

 

$

65,154

 

 

$

39,139

 

 

$

72,387

 

 

$

75,185

 

 

$

56,620

 

 

$

18,219

 

 

$

6,715

 

 

$

333,419

 

Construction,
   development & other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

116,531

 

 

$

79,226

 

 

$

73,153

 

 

$

59,248

 

 

$

3,624

 

 

$

3,724

 

 

$

484,432

 

 

$

819,938

 

Substandard

 

 

3,415

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,415

 

Total Construction, development & other

 

$

119,946

 

 

$

79,226

 

 

$

73,153

 

 

$

59,248

 

 

$

3,624

 

 

$

3,724

 

 

$

484,432

 

 

$

823,353

 

Farmland

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

2,653

 

 

$

3,172

 

 

$

7,206

 

 

$

6,720

 

 

$

210

 

 

$

671

 

 

$

5,087

 

 

$

25,719

 

Special Mention

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

766

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

766

 

Total Farmland

 

$

2,653

 

 

$

3,172

 

 

$

7,206

 

 

$

6,720

 

 

$

976

 

 

$

671

 

 

$

5,087

 

 

$

26,485

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

391,690

 

 

$

120,852

 

 

$

66,291

 

 

$

64,184

 

 

$

30,736

 

 

$

9,585

 

 

$

1,180,523

 

 

$

1,863,861

 

Special Mention

 

 

914

 

 

 

870

 

 

 

8,526

 

 

 

252

 

 

 

 

 

 

97

 

 

 

24,177

 

 

 

34,836

 

Substandard

 

 

70

 

 

 

1,236

 

 

 

2,951

 

 

 

742

 

 

 

249

 

 

 

387

 

 

 

2,284

 

 

 

7,919

 

Total Commercial & industrial

 

$

392,674

 

 

$

122,958

 

 

$

77,768

 

 

$

65,178

 

 

$

30,985

 

 

$

10,069

 

 

$

1,206,984

 

 

$

1,906,616

 

Consumer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

804

 

 

$

102

 

 

$

354

 

 

$

177

 

 

$

10

 

 

$

95

 

 

$

 

 

$

1,542

 

Special Mention

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

34

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

34

 

Total Consumer

 

$

804

 

 

$

102

 

 

$

388

 

 

$

177

 

 

$

10

 

 

$

95

 

 

$

 

 

$

1,576

 

Municipal and other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pass

 

$

36,101

 

 

$

73

 

 

$

19,347

 

 

$

3,410

 

 

$

560

 

 

$

19

 

 

$

98,676

 

 

$

158,186

 

Total Municipal and other

 

$

36,101

 

 

$

73

 

 

$

19,347

 

 

$

3,410

 

 

$

560

 

 

$

19

 

 

$

98,676

 

 

$

158,186

 

Total Loans

 

$

953,279

 

 

$

384,089

 

 

$

337,534

 

 

$

434,787

 

 

$

308,285

 

 

$

135,108

 

 

$

1,841,669

 

 

$

4,394,751

 

 

The following tables summarize the Company's gross charge-offs by origination year and loan class for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and the year ended December 31, 2025.

 

 

 

Gross Charge-offs by Origination Year

 

 

Revolving Loans Amortized

 

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

2026

 

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

 

2022

 

 

Prior Years

 

 

Cost Basis

 

 

Total

 

March 31, 2026

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Municipal and other

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

(26

)

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

(26

)

Total Charge-Offs

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

(26

)

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

(26

)

 

 

 

Gross Charge-offs by Origination Year

 

 

Revolving Loans Amortized

 

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

2025

 

 

2024

 

 

2023

 

 

2022

 

 

2021

 

 

Prior Years

 

 

Cost Basis

 

 

Total

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial & industrial

 

$

 

 

$

(72

)

 

$

(43

)

 

$

(1,785

)

 

$

 

 

$

(385

)

 

$

(1,819

)

 

$

(4,104

)

Municipal and other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4

)

 

 

(30

)

 

 

 

 

 

(10

)

 

 

 

 

 

(44

)

Total Charge-Offs

 

$

 

 

$

(72

)

 

$

(47

)

 

$

(1,815

)

 

$

 

 

$

(395

)

 

$

(1,819

)

 

$

(4,148

)

Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses on loans is a contra-asset valuation account, calculated in accordance with ASC 326, that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of loans to present the net amount expected to be collected. The amount of the allowance represents management's best estimate of current expected credit losses on loans considering available information, from internal and external sources, relevant to assessing collectability over the loans' contractual terms, adjusted for expected prepayments when appropriate. The contractual term excludes expected extensions, renewals and modifications unless (i) management has a reasonable expectation that a loan to an individual borrower that is experiencing financial difficulty will be modified or (ii) such extension or renewal options are not unconditionally cancellable by us and, in such cases, the borrower is likely to meet applicable conditions and likely to request extension or renewal. Relevant available information includes historical credit loss experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts, including U.S. Unemployment, GDP and Case-Shiller U.S National Home Price Index. While historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses, adjustments to historical loss information may be made for differences in current portfolio-specific risk characteristics, environmental conditions or other relevant factors. The allowance for credit losses is measured on a collective basis for portfolios of loans when similar risk characteristics exist.

Credit loss expense related to loans reflects the totality of actions taken on all loans for a particular period including any necessary increases or decreases in the allowance related to changes in credit loss expectations associated with specific loans or pools of loans. Portions of the allowance may be allocated for specific credits; however, the entire allowance is available for any credit that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate appropriateness of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond our control, including the performance of our loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications.

In calculating the allowance for credit losses, most loans are segmented into pools based upon similar characteristics and risk profiles. Common characteristics and risk profiles include the type/purpose of loan, underlying collateral, geographical similarity and historical/expected credit loss patterns. In developing these loan pools for the purposes of modeling expected credit losses, we also analyzed the degree of correlation in how loans within each portfolio respond when subjected to varying economic conditions and scenarios as well as other portfolio stress factors. For modeling purposes, we use loan call report codes to identify the pools of loans with similar risk characteristics. Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated for expected credit losses on an individual basis and excluded from the collective evaluation. We periodically reassess each pool to ensure the loans within the pool continue to share similar characteristics and risk profiles and to determine whether further segmentation is necessary.

We have elected to use the discounted cash flow (“DCF”) method for estimating accumulated credit losses for all loans except for consumer loans and leases. The DCF method allows for an effective incorporation of reasonable and supportable forecasts that can be applied in a consistent and objective manner. The method also aligns well with other calculations outside the accumulated credit loss estimations which mitigate model risk in other areas such as fair value or exit price notion calculations, interest rate risk calculations, profitability analysis, asset-liability management, and other forms of cash flow analysis. We have elected to use the weighted-average remaining maturity (“WARM”) method for consumer loans and leases. The long-term average loss rate is calculated and applied on a quarterly basis for the remaining life of the pool. Adjustments for economic expectations are made in the qualitative portion of the calculation. The long-term average loss rate is derived using peer data derived from the call report.

There may be certain financial assets for which the expectation of credit loss is zero after evaluating historical loss information, making necessary adjustments for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts, and considering any collateral or guarantee arrangements that are not free-standing contracts. A loan that is fully secured by cash or cash equivalents, such as certificates of deposit issued by the lending institution, would likely have zero credit loss expectations. Similarly, the guaranteed portion of an SBA loan or security purchased on the secondary market through the SBA’s fiscal and transfer agent would likely have zero credit loss expectations because these financial assets are unconditionally guaranteed by the U.S. government. Currently, the Company deducts the SBA guaranteed portion of financial assets from the individual asset balance.

Management qualitatively adjusts model results for risk factors that are not considered within our modeling processes but are nonetheless relevant in assessing the expected credit losses within our loan pools. These qualitative factors (“Q-Factor”) and other qualitative adjustments may increase or decrease management's estimate of expected credit losses by a calculated percentage or amount based upon the estimated level of risk. The various risks that may be considered in making Q-Factor and other qualitative adjustments include, among other things, the impact of (i) changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and practices for collections, write-offs, and recoveries, (ii) actual and expected changes in international, national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and developments that affect the collectability of the loan pools, (iii) changes in the nature and volume of the loan pools and in the terms of the underlying loans, (iv) changes in the experience, ability, and depth of our lending management and staff, (v) changes in volume and severity of past due financial assets, the volume of non-accrual assets, and the volume and severity of adversely classified or graded assets, (vi) changes in the quality of our credit review function, (vii) changes in the value of the underlying collateral for loans that are non-collateral dependent, (viii) the existence, growth, and effect of any concentrations of credit and (ix) other factors such as the regulatory, legal and technological environments; competition; and events such as natural disasters or health pandemics.

In some cases, management may determine that an individual loan exhibits unique risk characteristics which differentiate the loan from other loans within our loan pools. In such cases, the loans are evaluated for expected credit losses on an individual basis and excluded from the collective evaluation. Specific allocations of the allowance for credit losses are determined by analyzing the borrower’s ability to repay amounts owed, collateral deficiencies, the relative risk grade of the loan and economic conditions affecting the borrower’s industry, among other things. A loan is considered to be collateral dependent when, based upon management's assessment, the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. We reevaluate the fair value of collateral supporting collateral dependent loans on a quarterly basis. In such cases, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the measurement date, adjusted for estimated selling costs if satisfaction of the loan depends on the sale of the collateral. The fair value of real estate collateral supporting collateral dependent loans is evaluated using a methodology that is consistent with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice. The fair value of collateral supporting collateral dependent construction loans is based on an “as is” valuation.

The following tables detail the activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Beginning
Balance

 

 

Initial
Allowance on Acquired Loans

 

 

Provision for Credit Losses on Loans

 

 

Charge-offs

 

 

Recoveries

 

 

Ending
Balance

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2026

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential
   owner occupied

 

$

2,337

 

 

$

794

 

 

$

455

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

3,586

 

Non-farm non-residential
   non-owner occupied

 

 

4,843

 

 

 

1,868

 

 

 

(462

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,249

 

Residential

 

 

2,008

 

 

 

1,489

 

 

 

126

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,623

 

Construction, development & other

 

 

6,955

 

 

 

487

 

 

 

(381

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7,061

 

Farmland

 

 

116

 

 

 

21

 

 

 

32

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

169

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

26,673

 

 

 

2,121

 

 

 

1,140

 

 

 

 

 

 

31

 

 

 

29,965

 

Consumer

 

 

6

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12

 

Municipal and other

 

 

1,011

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

(196

)

 

 

(26

)

 

 

 

 

 

790

 

 

 

$

43,949

 

 

$

6,786

 

 

$

715

 

 

$

(26

)

 

$

31

 

 

$

51,455

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Beginning
Balance

 

 

Provision for Credit Losses on Loans

 

 

Charge-offs

 

 

Recoveries

 

 

Ending
Balance

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential
   owner occupied

 

$

3,015

 

 

$

(200

)

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

2,815

 

Non-farm non-residential
   non-owner occupied

 

 

4,460

 

 

 

(687

)

 

 

 

 

 

350

 

 

 

4,123

 

Residential

 

 

2,014

 

 

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,021

 

Construction, development & other

 

 

14,728

 

 

 

(237

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14,491

 

Farmland

 

 

187

 

 

 

(9

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

178

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

15,370

 

 

 

1,797

 

 

 

(810

)

 

 

62

 

 

 

16,419

 

Consumer

 

 

10

 

 

 

(3

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

 

Municipal and other

 

 

520

 

 

 

(118

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

402

 

 

 

$

40,304

 

 

$

550

 

 

$

(810

)

 

$

412

 

 

$

40,456

 

Management believes the allowance for credit losses is adequate to cover expected credit losses on loans at March 31, 2026 and 2025.

Collateral Dependent Loans

A loan is considered to be collateral dependent when, based upon management's assessment, the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. Collateral dependent loans are secured by real estate assets, accounts receivable, inventory and equipment. For a collateral dependent loan, the Company's evaluation process includes a valuation by appraisal or other collateral analysis adjusted for selling costs. The valuation is compared to the remaining outstanding principal balance of the loan and any loss is included in the allowance for credit losses on loans as a specific valuation.

The following tables present the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans and the collateral type which have been assessed individually for credit losses:

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Real Estate

 

 

Business Assets

 

 

Other

 

 

Total

 

March 31, 2026

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential owner occupied

 

$

3,698

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

3,698

 

Non-farm non-residential non-owner occupied

 

 

20,090

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20,090

 

Residential

 

 

374

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

374

 

Construction, development & other

 

 

603

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

603

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

 

 

 

9,163

 

 

 

1,232

 

 

 

10,395

 

 

 

$

24,765

 

 

$

9,163

 

 

$

1,232

 

 

$

35,160

 

 

December 31, 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential owner occupied

 

$

1,235

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

1,235

 

Non-farm non-residential non-owner occupied

 

 

99

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

99

 

Residential

 

 

387

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

387

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

 

 

 

5,893

 

 

 

2,153

 

 

 

8,046

 

 

 

$

1,721

 

 

$

5,893

 

 

$

2,153

 

 

$

9,767

 

 

Certain Acquired Loans

As discussed in Note 20 – Business Combinations, the Company acquired loans with fair values of $805.2 million as part of the acquisition of Keystone Bancshares, Inc. and its subsidiary Keystone Bank, SSB. Of the total $812.8 million acquired, $804.6 million were PSL loans which were determined to have no evidence of deteriorated credit quality and are accounted for under ASC Topics

310-10 and 310-20. The remaining $8.2 million were PCD loans which exhibited deteriorated credit quality since origination under ASC 310-30.

In connection with the February 1, 2026 acquisition of loans from Keystone Bancshares, Inc. and its subsidiary, Keystone Bank, SSB, the PCD loan portfolio was accounted for at fair value as follows:

Contractual required payments

 

$

8,235

 

Non-accretable difference (expected loss)

 

 

1,029

 

Cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition

 

 

7,206

 

Accretable yield

 

 

708

 

Basis in acquired Keystone Bank, SSB PCD loans

 

$

6,498

 

The following table presents the gross contractual amounts receivable balances, by portfolio segment, and the carrying amount of PCD loans:

(Dollars in thousands)

 

March 31, 2026

 

 

Real estate loans:

 

 

 

 

Non-farm non-residential owner occupied

 

$

2,980

 

 

Non-farm non-residential non-owner occupied

 

 

2,989

 

 

Commercial & industrial

 

 

2,263

 

 

Total outstanding balances

 

$

8,232

 

 

Carrying amount

 

$

7,532

 

 

The accretable discount is accreted into income using the interest method over the life of the loans. At March 31, 2026, unaccreted discounts on PCD loans totaled approximately $700,000 and were included in net loans in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

At March 31, 2026, the allowance for credit losses related to PCD loans disclosed above was approximately $1.0 million.

Determining the fair value of PCD loans at acquisition required the Company to estimate cash flows expected to result from those loans and to discount those cash flows at appropriate rates of interest. For such loans, the excess of cash flows expected to be collected over the estimated fair value is recognized as interest income over the remaining lives of the loans and is called the accretable yield. The difference between contractually required payments and the cash flows expected to be collected reflects the impact of estimated loan losses and is called the nonaccretable difference. In accordance with GAAP, there was no carry-over of previously established allowance for credit losses from the acquired loans.

Accretable yield, or income expected to be collected on PCD loans was as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

 

March 31, 2026

 

 

Balance at beginning of year

 

$

 

 

New loans acquired from Keystone Bank, SSB acquisition

 

 

708

 

 

Accretion of income

 

 

(8

)

 

Balance at end of period

 

$

700