v3.26.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2026
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared by management in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and as required by S-X, Rule 10-1. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for a complete set of financial statements. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements and notes have been prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025, and include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair statement of the interim periods presented.

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited annual financial statements and notes as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025 thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 25, 2026. The Company’s results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2026 or for any other interim period.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the unaudited condensed financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make informed estimates that require assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other market-specific and relevant assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially under different assumptions and conditions.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

“Cash and cash equivalents” in the accompanying condensed balance sheets consist of bank deposits and highly liquid investments, including money market fund accounts, and certificates of deposit, with original maturities of three months or less from the purchase date. The carrying amounts reported in the accompanying condensed balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents are valued at cost, which approximate their fair value.

Restricted Cash

Restricted Cash

“Restricted cash” in the accompanying condensed balance sheets as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 represents cash held as collateral for the Company’s facility leases
Short-Term Investments

Short-Term Investments

“Short-term investments” in the accompanying condensed balance sheets represents investments in certificates of deposits which are carried at cost and have original maturities of greater than 90 days but within one year. Accrued interest earned on short-term investments is recorded within “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” on the accompanying condensed balance sheets.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

“Accounts receivable, net of allowances” in the accompanying condensed balance sheets are presented net of allowances for credit losses. The Company maintains an allowance for expected credit losses for accounts receivable, which is recorded as an offset to accounts receivable. Changes in this allowance are recorded as “general and administrative” expense in the condensed statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Expected credit losses include losses expected based on known credit issues with certain customers as well as a general expected credit loss allowance based on relevant information, including historical loss rates, current conditions, and reasonable economic forecasts that affect collectability.

The Company maintained an allowance for credit losses accounts of $2.1 million and $1.7 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The Company recorded a provision for credit losses of $0.4 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

Concentrations of Financial Instrument Credit Risk

Concentrations of Financial Instrument Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents in deposits at financial institutions that may exceed federally insured limits and certain accounts receivable balances. Risks associated with cash and cash equivalents are mitigated by banking with creditworthy institutions with platforms that administer deposits across multiple banks within federally insured limits. Additionally, the Company invests cash in certificates of deposit (“CDs”) through the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (“CDARS”) account. Under the CDARS program, large deposits are allocated among multiple FDIC (“Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation”) insured member banks in increments of less than $250,000 per institution. As a result, substantially all such deposits are eligible for FDIC insurance coverage.

The Company mitigates potential losses from uncollectible accounts receivable through its credit approval and ongoing collection and customer monitoring activities. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses on its financial instruments and believes that it has adequately recorded allowances for uncollectible accounts receivable in each reported period.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company did not have accounts receivable balances from any one customer exceeding 10% of total accounts receivable. The Company did not have revenue from any one customer exceeding 10% of total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2026. There was one customer that accounted for 10% of total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the accompanying condensed balance sheets. These accounts are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair values. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or an exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The authoritative accounting guidance on fair value measurements establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements as follows:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are publicly accessible at the measurement date.
Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but that are corroborated by market data. These inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities or quoted market prices in markets that are not active to the general public.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial instruments consisting of cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivables, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the short maturities for each.

Assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. The Company reviews the fair value hierarchy classification on a quarterly basis. Changes in the ability to observe valuation inputs may result in a reclassification of levels for certain assets or liabilities within the fair value hierarchy. The Company did not have any transfers of assets and liabilities between the levels of the fair value hierarchy during the periods presented.

 

(in thousands)

 

Total
Fair Value

 

 

Quoted
Market
Prices for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)

 

 

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)

 

 

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

 

As of March 31, 2026

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market funds (1)

 

$

47,905

 

 

$

47,905

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

Certificates of deposit with original maturity of 3 months or less (1)

 

 

24,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

24,000

 

 

 

 

Certificates of deposit with original maturity greater than 3 months (2)

 

 

24,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

24,000

 

 

 

 

Total financial assets

 

$

95,905

 

 

$

47,905

 

 

$

48,000

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market funds (1)

 

$

60,738

 

 

$

60,738

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

Certificates of deposit with original maturity of 3 months or less (1)

 

 

24,036

 

 

 

 

 

 

24,036

 

 

 

 

Certificates of deposit with original maturity greater than 3 months (2)

 

 

24,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

24,000

 

 

 

 

Total financial assets

 

$

108,774

 

 

$

60,738

 

 

$

48,036

 

 

$

 

 

(1)
Included as a component of “Cash and cash equivalents” on the accompanying Condensed Balance Sheets.
(2)
Included as a component of “Short-term investments” on the accompanying Condensed Balance Sheets.
Inventory

Inventory

Production is initiated upon surgeon approval of the digital surgical plan for each patient, and implant inventory is not made-to-stock, allowing the Company to maintain minimal inventory. Work-in-process inventory consists of titanium alloy implants for spine fusion surgical procedures, pending sterilization and packaging. Finished goods inventory is ready for shipment to the customer for use in a spine fusion surgical procedure.

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, determined by the specific identification method. At each balance sheet date, the Company evaluates its inventories for obsolescence, based on notification of permanently canceled surgeries and ongoing estimates of permanent cancellations. The Company records the corresponding charge for obsolete inventory through “cost of sales.”

The components of reported “inventory” are as follows:

 

(in thousands)

 

As of March 31, 2026

 

 

As of December 31, 2025

 

Finished goods

 

$

2,003

 

 

$

1,788

 

Work in process

 

 

60

 

 

 

57

 

Total

 

$

2,063

 

 

$

1,845

 

 

Warrant Liabilities

Warrant Liabilities

Prior to the closing of the IPO on July 24, 2025, the Company had issued warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock in conjunction with the Customers Loan Agreement (see Note 4). The Company accounted for its issued convertible preferred stock warrants as liabilities in accordance with ASC 480. The liability-classified warrants were initially measured at fair value, resulting in an implied discount on the related financing arrangement that was deferred as an asset as it relates to tranches of the Customers Loan Agreement. The deferred asset was recorded within “other assets” on the balance sheet and was amortized into interest expense using the straight-line method over the period in which the Company could draw on the remaining tranches of the credit facility. Changes in fair value of the warrant liabilities were recognized in the condensed statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Immediately prior to the IPO, the Series B Warrant and Series C Warrants were exercisable into up to 58,420 and 20,375 of Series B convertible preferred stock and Series C convertible preferred stock, respectively. In conjunction with the IPO, all of the outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock were converted into common stock. As a result, the Series B Warrant and Series C Warrant that had previously been exercisable for convertible preferred stock became exercisable for common stock. Upon the closing of the IPO on July 24, 2025, the Series B Warrant that was exercisable into 52,776 shares of common stock and the Series C Warrant that was exercisable into 5,093 shares of common stock met the criteria for equity classification and accordingly were reclassified from liabilities to equity. The remainder of shares under each warrant were contingently exercisable on specified revenue and loan draw milestones and remained classified as liabilities because they did not meet the criteria for equity classification.

On September 30, 2025, the Company achieved a revenue milestone, causing 5,095 additional shares of common stock underlying the Series C Warrant to become exercisable and accordingly were reclassified from liabilities to equity as they met the criteria for equity classification.

On October 29, 2025, as a part of the Fifth Amendment to the Customers Loan Agreement, the Series B Warrant and Series C Warrant were amended and restated and the respective remaining 5,644 and 10,187 shares of common stock that were exercisable contingent on loan draw milestones were canceled. On the effective date of the Fifth Amendment, the Company remeasured the warrants for the final time and recognized the change in fair value within the statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company no longer had any warrants outstanding that were classified as liabilities. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, Customers Bank exercised the Series B Warrant and Series C Warrant on a cashless basis, resulting in the issuance of 30,366 shares of common stock. As a result of the exercise, the Series B Warrant and Series C Warrant are no longer outstanding.

The fair value of the warrant liabilities was determined based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which represents a “Level 3” measurement within the fair value hierarchy. Prior to the IPO, the fair values of the warrant liabilities were measured using the “hybrid method.” The hybrid method is often used when a company is expecting a liquidity event in the near future and is a combination of the option-pricing and probability-weighted expected return methods. Estimates and assumptions impacting the fair value measurement included the fair value per share of the underlying shares of convertible preferred stock, the remaining contractual term of the warrants, and probability of number of shares the warrants will become exercisable into. The most significant assumption in the model impacting the fair value of the warrants was the fair value of the Company’s convertible preferred stock as of each remeasurement date. Subsequent to the IPO, the fair value of the warrant liabilities was measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.

There were no warrant liabilities outstanding as of or during the three months ended March 31, 2026. A summary of the changes in the total fair value of the warrant liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2025, is as follows:

 

(in thousands)

 

Warrant
Liabilities

 

Fair value as of December 31, 2024

 

$

457

 

Change in fair value of warrant liabilities

 

 

33

 

Fair value as of March 31, 2025

 

$

490

 

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss encompasses all changes in equity other than those arising from transactions with stockholders. For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company had no other comprehensive loss items and accordingly, "net loss" equaled "comprehensive loss."

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Financial Instruments - Credit Losses - In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets (“ASU 2025-05”). This ASU provides entities with the option to elect a practical expedient that assumes that the current conditions as of the balance sheet date will remain unchanged for the remaining life of the asset when developing a reasonable and supportable forecast as part of estimating expected credit losses on these assets. ASU 2025-05 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2025-05 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Effective

Expense Disaggregation Disclosures - In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (“ASU 2024-03”). This ASU requires new financial statement disclosures disaggregating prescribed expense categories within relevant income statement expense captions. ASU 2024-03 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the standard.

Internal-Use Software - In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software (“ASU 2025-06”). This ASU is intended to simplify the capitalization guidance by removing all references to prescriptive and sequential software development stages. This ASU also requires entities to begin capitalizing software costs when management authorizes and commits to funding the software project, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used for its intended purpose. ASU 2025-06 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the standard.

Derivatives and Share-Based Consideration from a Customer - In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-07, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Derivatives Scope Refinements and Scope Clarification for Share-Based Noncash Consideration from a Customer in a Revenue Contract ("ASU 2025-07"). This ASU provides for a new scope exception to the derivatives guidance for underlyings based on the operations or activities specific to one of the parties to the contract, and also clarifies that share-based noncash consideration received from a customer as consideration for the transfer of goods or services in a revenue contract is subject to the revenue guidance and not the financial instruments guidance unless and until the company's right to receive or retain the share-based noncash consideration is unconditional as defined in ASU 2025-07. The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the standard.