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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
    QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2026
or
    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _______ to ______
Commission File Number 001-38136
Accel Entertainment, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware98-1350261
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
140 Tower Drive
Burr Ridge, Illinois 60527
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(630) 972-2235
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbols
Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A-1 Common Stock, par value $.0001 per shareACELThe New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes     No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).     Yes      No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer
Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes      No  
As of May 1, 2026, there were 81,392,900 shares outstanding of the registrant’s Class A-1 Common Stock, par value $.0001 per share.



ACCEL ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2026

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I.
ITEM 1.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025
for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
PART II.
ITEM 1.
ITEM 1A.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 5.OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 6.


Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
ACCEL ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)Three Months Ended
March 31,
20262025
Net revenues:
Net gaming$331,425 $301,951 
Amusement5,825 5,908 
Manufacturing1,240 3,858 
ATM fees and other13,068 12,195 
Total net revenues351,558 323,912 
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown below)241,616 221,472 
Cost of manufacturing goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown below)636 2,076 
General and administrative58,048 53,004 
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment13,862 12,301 
Amortization of intangible assets and route and customer acquisition costs6,790 6,290 
Other expenses, net3,526 2,817 
Total operating expenses324,478 297,960 
Operating income27,080 25,952 
Interest expense, net8,501 8,685 
Loss from unconsolidated affiliates
16 16 
Gain on change in fair value of contingent earnout shares
(1,476)(2,355)
Income before income tax expense 20,039 19,606 
Income tax expense5,376 4,993 
Net income$14,663 $14,613 
Less: Net loss attributed to redeemable noncontrolling interests
(10)(26)
Net income attributable to Accel Entertainment, Inc.$14,673 $14,639 
Earnings per common share:
Basic$0.18 $0.17 
Diluted0.17 0.17 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic82,562 86,003 
Diluted84,094 87,223 
Comprehensive income
Net income$14,663 $14,613 
Unrealized loss on interest rate hedging instruments (net of income tax benefit of $(18), and $(426), respectively)
(48)(1,133)
Comprehensive income$14,615 $13,480 
Less: Comprehensive loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests
(10)(26)
Comprehensive income attributable to Accel Entertainment, Inc.$14,625 $13,506 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements
1

Table of Contents
ACCEL ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except par value and share amounts)
March 31,December 31
20262025
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$274,095 $296,566 
Accounts receivable, net13,593 14,198 
Prepaid expenses9,374 7,102 
Inventories8,563 8,231 
Income taxes receivable3,895 9,121 
Interest rate hedging instruments
 430 
Other current assets7,817 7,386 
Total current assets317,337 343,034 
Property and equipment, net349,241 350,304 
Route and customer acquisition costs, net31,581 31,147 
Location contracts acquired, net181,516 186,406 
Goodwill114,426 114,426 
Other intangible assets, net60,447 61,034 
Interest rate hedging instruments, net of current
285  
Other assets16,411 17,042 
Total assets$1,071,244 $1,103,393 
Liabilities, Temporary equity, and Stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Current maturities of debt$30,000 $37,583 
Current portion of route and customer acquisition costs payable2,974 2,473 
Accrued location gaming expense5,170 5,516 
Accrued state gaming expense21,890 21,065 
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses43,500 51,028 
Accrued compensation and related expenses9,994 9,946 
Current portion of consideration payable3,645 3,881 
Total current liabilities117,173 131,492 
Debt, net of current maturities550,561 569,837 
Route and customer acquisition costs payable, less current portion10,077 10,232 
Consideration payable, less current portion16,956 15,790 
Contingent earnout share liability32,201 33,676 
Other long-term liabilities 8,543 9,373 
Deferred income tax liability, net59,394 59,230 
Total liabilities
794,905 829,630 
Temporary equity - Redeemable noncontrolling interest
4,070 4,080 
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred Stock, par value of $0.0001; 1,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025
  
Class A-1 Common Stock, par value $0.0001; 250,000,000 shares authorized; 96,621,766 shares issued and 81,575,213 shares outstanding at March 31, 2026; 96,250,980 shares issued and 82,287,349 shares outstanding at December 31, 2025
8 8 
Additional paid-in capital229,256 229,028 
Treasury stock, at cost(158,014)(145,747)
Accumulated other comprehensive income140 188 
Accumulated earnings200,879 186,206 
Total stockholders' equity272,269 269,683 
Total liabilities, temporary equity, and stockholders' equity
$1,071,244 $1,103,393 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements
2

Table of Contents
ACCEL ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except shares)
Temporary equity - Redeemable noncontrolling interest
Accumulated
Class A-1AdditionalTreasuryOtherTotal
Common StockPaid-InStockComprehensiveAccumulatedStockholders’
SharesAmountCapitalSharesAmountIncomeEarningsEquity
Balance, January 1, 2026
$4,080 82,287,349 $8 $229,028 (13,963,631)$(145,747)$188 $186,206 $269,683 
Repurchase of common stock— (1,082,922)— — (1,082,922)(12,267)— — (12,267)
Stock-based compensation— — — 2,499 — — — — 2,499 
Exercise of stock-based awards, net of shares withheld— 370,786 — (2,271)— — — — (2,271)
Unrealized loss on interest rate hedging instruments, net of taxes
— — — — — — (48)— (48)
Net income— — — — — — — 14,673 14,673 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
(10)— — — — — — — — 
Balance, March 31, 2026
4,070 81,575,213 8 229,256 (15,046,553)(158,014)140 200,879 272,269 



(In thousands, except shares)
Temporary equity - Redeemable noncontrolling interest
Accumulated
Class A-1AdditionalTreasuryOtherTotal
Common StockPaid-InStockComprehensiveAccumulatedStockholders’
SharesAmountCapitalSharesAmountIncome
Earnings
Equity
Balance, January 1, 2025
$4,278 85,670,255 $8 $221,625 (10,194,771)$(105,485)$4,145 $134,736 $255,029 
Repurchase of common stock— (988,678)— — (988,678)(10,304)— — (10,304)
Stock-based compensation— — 2,091 — — — — 2,091 
Exercise of stock-based awards, net of shares withheld— 245,663 — (1,254)— — — — (1,254)
Unrealized loss on interest rate hedging instruments, net of taxes
— — — — — — (1,133)— (1,133)
Net income— — — — — — — 14,639 14,639 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
(26)— — — — — — — — 
Balance, March 31, 2025
4,252 84,927,240 8 222,462 (11,183,449)(115,789)3,012 149,375 259,068 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements
3

Table of Contents
ACCEL ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)Three Months Ended
March 31,
20262025
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $14,663 $14,613 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment13,862 12,301 
Amortization of intangible assets and route and customer acquisition costs6,790 6,290 
Amortization of debt issuance costs270 435 
Gain on change in fair value of contingent earnout shares
(1,476)(2,355)
Stock-based compensation expense
2,499 2,091 
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
650 111 
Net loss on write-off of route and customer acquisition costs and route and customer acquisition costs payable386 352 
Remeasurement of contingent consideration1,200 (153)
Payments on consideration payable
(447)(298)
Accretion of interest on route and customer acquisition costs payable, contingent consideration, and contingent stock consideration
629 548 
Deferred income taxes(103)(715)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
(2,703)161 
Accounts receivable, net605 (2,123)
Inventories(332)(416)
Income taxes receivable
5,226  
Route and customer acquisition costs(1,890)(1,232)
Route and customer acquisition costs payable152 203 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses1,719 16,157 
Accrued compensation and related expenses48 (3,254)
Other assets995 2,036 
Net cash provided by operating activities42,743 44,752 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment(22,859)(26,755)
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment347 694 
Business and asset acquisitions, net of cash acquired(557)(125)
Net cash used in investing activities(23,069)(26,186)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments on debt(27,000)(14,863)
Payments for debt issuance costs(46) 
Payments for repurchase of common stock(12,146)(10,202)
Payments on interest rate hedging instruments
(83)(1,218)
Payments on financing of property and equipment
(276) 
Payments on finance leases
(66)(80)
Payments on consideration payable(257)(136)
Tax withholding on stock-based payments(2,271)(1,433)
Net cash used in financing activities
(42,145)(27,932)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(22,471)(9,366)
Cash and cash equivalents:
Beginning of period296,566 281,305 
End of period$274,095 $271,939 
4

Table of Contents
ACCEL ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)Three Months Ended
March 31,
20262025
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash payments for:
Interest, net
$7,942 $8,065 
Supplemental schedules of noncash investing and financing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment in accounts payable and accrued liabilities$7,961 $13,552 
Purchase of equipment financed through vendor
$4,498 $571 
Deferred premium on interest rate caplets$ $830 
Acquisition of businesses and assets:
Total identifiable net assets acquired$557 $125 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements


5

Table of Contents
ACCEL ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Note 1. Description of Business
Accel Entertainment, Inc. (and together with its subsidiaries, the Company” or “Accel”) is a leading distributed gaming operator in the United States (“U.S.”), as well as a developer of brick-and-mortar casinos that serve local gaming markets and horse racing venues. The Company has operations in Illinois, Montana, Nevada, Nebraska, Georgia, Iowa, Louisiana, South Dakota, West Virginia and Pennsylvania. The Company is subject to the various regulations in the states in which it operates, as well as various other federal, state and local laws and regulations.
The business primarily consists of the installation, maintenance, operation and servicing of gaming terminals and related equipment, redemption devices that disburse winnings and contain automated teller machine (“ATM”) functionality, and amusement devices in authorized non-casino locations such as bars, restaurants, convenience stores, truck stops, and fraternal and veteran establishments as well as casinos and horse racing venues. The Company also operates stand-alone ATMs in gaming and non-gaming locations and designs and manufactures gaming terminals and related equipment.
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of presentation and preparation: The condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes were prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and of its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements include all recurring adjustments and normal accruals necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the dates and periods presented. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 (the “Form 10-K”). In preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements, we applied the same significant accounting policies as described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements in the Form 10-K. Any significant changes to those accounting policies are discussed below. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.
Use of estimates: The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (i) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, (ii) disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and (iii) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates used by the Company include, among other things, the useful lives for depreciable and amortizable assets, income tax provisions, the evaluation of the future realization of deferred tax assets, projected cash flows in assessing the initial valuation of intangible assets in conjunction with business and asset acquisitions, the selection of useful lives for depreciable and amortizable assets in conjunction with business and asset acquisitions, the valuation of level 3 investments, the valuation of contingent earnout shares, the valuation of interest rate hedging instruments, contingencies, and the expected term of share-based compensation awards and stock price volatility when computing stock-based compensation expense. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

Equity method investments: In the normal course of business, the Company makes investments in companies that will allow it to expand the Company’s core business and enter new markets. In certain instances, such investments with less than 100% ownership may be considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”). The Company’s management assesses whether it has the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entity and has an obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the entity. The activities that the Company believes most significantly impact the economic performance of its VIEs include the unilateral ability to approve the annual budget, to terminate key management and to approve entering into agreements with providers, among others. If the Company determines it has an investment in a VIE, the next step is to determine whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, which would require the Company to consolidate the investment. In assessing whether it has a controlling financial interest, the Company’s management assesses, among other factors, the Company’s risk of loss, its investment percentage and its ability to control the operations of the investment. If the Company determines it is not the primary beneficiary, it will account for the investment under the equity method of accounting.
The Company accounts for its investments in unconsolidated affiliates, which do not meet the controlling financial interest consolidation criteria of the authoritative accounting guidance for VIEs, under the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method of accounting, the Company records its share of net income or loss from equity method investments within (income) loss from unconsolidated affiliates in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income based on the most recently available financials after a lag of one quarter. The Company also adjusts the carrying value of its investments in unconsolidated affiliates based on its share of net income or loss from equity method investments.
In 2024, the Company invested $5.0 million in HBC Gaming LLC (“HBC”), in exchange for a 5% equity interest. HBC is a local entertainment company based in Hampton, New Hampshire that specializes in providing a variety of gaming services to its customers. The Company assessed its investment and determined it is an investment in a VIE but determined it is not the primary beneficiary and does not consolidate HBC. The Company’s maximum risk of loss is equal to its initial $5.0 million investment. As such, the Company’s 5% investment in HBC qualifies for equity method accounting. The Company recorded its initial investment of $5.0 million within other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company also has obligations to fund additional equity investments in the event certain construction and development milestones are met in an amount up to 10% ownership of HBC, on an undiluted basis, at an additional cost of up to $6.5 million.
The Company recorded a loss from unconsolidated affiliates of less than $0.1 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
Revenue recognition: The Company primarily generates revenues from the following types of services: gaming terminals, amusements, and ATMs. The Company also generates manufacturing revenue from the sale of gaming terminals and associated software, as well as revenue from its casino and racing operations. Revenue is disaggregated by type of revenue and is presented on the face of the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

Total net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 is disaggregated in the following table by the primary states in which the Company operates.
(in thousands)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20262025
Net revenues by state:
Illinois$252,798 $233,479 
Montana40,636 41,136 
Nevada29,301 27,617 
Louisiana
10,143 9,025 
Nebraska11,381 7,230 
Georgia6,184 4,325 
Other1,115 1,100 
Total net revenues$351,558 $323,912 
Recent accounting pronouncementsIn May 2025, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2025-03, Business Combinations (Topic 805) and Consolidation (Topic 810): Determining the Accounting Acquirer in the Acquisition of a Variable Interest Entity, which provides enhanced comparability of financial statements across entities engaging in acquisition transactions effected primarily by exchanging equity interests when the legal acquiree meets the definition of a business. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Entities must adopt the changes prospectively to any acquisition transaction that occurs after the initial application date. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effect that this ASU will have on its financial statement disclosures.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software, which provides enhanced language to remove all references to prescriptive and sequential software development stages (referred to as “project stages”) throughout Subtopic 350-40. Therefore, an entity is required to start capitalizing software costs when both of the following occur, 1) management has authorized and committed to funding the software project and 2) it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform the function intended. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Entities must adopt the changes either 1) prospectively, 2) retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements, or 3) using a modified transition approach that is based on the status of the project and whether software costs were capitalized before the date of adoption after the initial application date. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effect that this ASU will have on its financial statements and disclosures.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-07, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which provides enhanced language concerning the definition of a derivative and how it should not apply to certain contracts. Therefore, the amendments in this update expand the scope exception for certain contracts not traded on an exchange to include contracts for which settlement is based on operations or activities specific to one of the parties to the contract. This improvement is expected to result in more contracts and embedded features being excluded from the scope of Topic 815. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Entities must adopt the changes either 1) prospectively, 2) modified retrospectively through a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the beginning of the annual reporting period of adoption for contracts existing as of the beginning of the annual reporting period of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effect that this ASU will have on its financial statements and disclosures.
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-09, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) Hedge Accounting Improvements, which provides clarification on certain aspects of the guidance on hedge accounting and to address several incremental hedge accounting issues arising from the global reference rate reform initiative such as risk assessment for cash flow hedges, forecasted interest payments, nonfinancial forecasted transactions and written options. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Entities must adopt the changes on a prospective basis for all hedging relationships. An entity may elect to adopt the amendments in this Update for hedging relationships that exist as of the date of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effect that this ASU will have on its financial statements and disclosures.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270) Narrow-Scope Improvements, which provides clarification on interim disclosure requirements and the applicability of Topic 270. This improvement is expected to result in a comprehensive list of interim disclosures that are required by GAAP. The objective of the amendments is to provide clarity about the current requirements, rather than evaluate whether to expand or reduce interim disclosure requirements. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Entities must adopt the changes either 1) prospectively or, 2) retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effect that this ASU will have on its financial statements and disclosures.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires public entities to disclose information about certain costs and expenses. The amendments in this ASU improve financial reporting by requiring additional disclosure of information and specific expense categories in the notes to the financial statements at interim and annual periods. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Entities must adopt the changes either 1) prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date of this update or 2) retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effect that this ASU will have on its financial statement disclosures.
Other recently issued accounting standards or pronouncements have been excluded because they are either not relevant to the Company, or are not expected to have, or did not have, a material effect on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
Note 3. Inventories
Inventories consist of the following as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in thousands):
March 31,
2026
December 31, 2025
Raw materials and manufacturing supplies$6,696 $6,423 
Finished products1,867 1,808 
  Total inventories
$8,563 $8,231 
As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, no write down of inventory was determined necessary.
Note 4. Investment in Convertible Notes
On May 31, 2023, the Company and Gold Rush Amusements, Inc. (“Gold Rush”), another terminal operator in Illinois, entered into a settlement agreement which resolved any and all lawsuits and all outstanding obligations under the Company’s investment in Gold Rush’s convertible notes. The Company received the remaining $1.5 million due under the settlement agreement in April 2025.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

Note 5. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consist of the following as of March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025 (in thousands):
March 31,
2026
December 31,
2025
Gaming terminals, software and equipment$481,552 $472,444 
Amusement, ATM and other equipment28,390 28,294 
Office equipment and furniture7,981 7,774 
Computer equipment and software26,281 26,153 
Leasehold improvements12,046 12,156 
Vehicles22,425 22,526 
Buildings and improvements (1)
51,798 51,412 
Land (1)
9,350 9,086 
Construction in progress4,236 3,719 
Total property and equipment644,059 633,564 
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization(294,818)(283,260)
Total property and equipment, net$349,241 $350,304 
(1) Includes properties leased to third parties of $13.5 million and $10.0 million as of March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025, respectively.
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment was $13.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026. In comparison, depreciation and amortization of property and equipment was $12.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Note 6. Route and Customer Acquisition Costs
The Company enters into contracts with third parties and its gaming locations to install and operate gaming terminals. Payments are due when gaming operations commence and then on a periodic basis for a specified period of time thereafter. Gross payments due, based on the number of live locations, were approximately $15.5 million and $15.1 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Payments are due over varying terms of the individual agreements and are discounted at the Company’s incremental borrowing rate associated with its long-term debt at the time the contract is acquired. The net present value of payments due was $13.1 million and $12.7 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, of which approximately $3.0 million and $2.5 million was included in current liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The route and customer acquisition cost asset was comprised of upfront payments made on the contracts of $31.9 million and $31.2 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The Company has upfront payments of commissions paid to the third parties for the acquisition of the customer contracts that are subject to a clawback provision if the customer cancels the contract prior to completion. The payments subject to a clawback were $2.2 million and $5.0 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
Route and customer acquisition costs consisted of the following as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in thousands):
March 31,
2026
December 31,
2025
Cost$49,907 $48,727 
Accumulated amortization(18,326)(17,580)
Route and customer acquisition costs, net$31,581 $31,147 
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

Amortization expense of route and customer acquisition costs was $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026. In comparison, amortization expense of route and customer costs was $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Note 7. Location Contracts Acquired
Location contract assets acquired in business acquisitions are recorded at fair value based on an income approach. Location contracts acquired consisted of the following as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in thousands):
March 31,
2026
December 31,
2025
Cost$335,272 $335,029 
Accumulated amortization(153,756)(148,623)
Location contracts acquired, net$181,516 $186,406 
Amortization expense of location contracts acquired was $5.1 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.
Note 8. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The Company had goodwill of $114.4 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, of which $34.2 million was deductible for tax purposes as of March 31, 2026. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually or when triggering events occur. There were no indicators of impairment of goodwill as of March 31, 2026.
Other intangible assets
Other intangible assets, net consist of definite-lived trade names, customer relationships, software applications and indefinite-lived operating licenses. Other intangible assets are amortized over their estimated 7 to 20-year useful lives.
Other intangible assets consist of the following as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in thousands):
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
Amortization Period
Gross Carrying Amount
Accumulated Amortization
Net Carrying Amount
Gross Carrying Amount
Accumulated Amortization
Net Carrying Amount
Customer Relationships7 years$6,800 $(4,308)$2,492 $6,800 $(4,112)$2,688 
Software Applications8 years7,800 (3,738)4,062 7,800 (3,494)4,306 
Trade Names20 years11,700 (2,006)9,694 11,700 (1,859)9,841 
Operating Licenses
Indefinite
44,199 
N/A
44,199 44,199 N/A44,199 
$70,499 $(10,052)$60,447 $70,499 $(9,465)$61,034 
Amortization expense of other intangible assets was $0.6 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2026, and 2025, respectively.
In May 2025, a one-time payment of $9.5 million was required to open the casino at Fairmount. This payment, which represents a one-time gaming license fee to register the gaming positions in the casino, was recorded as an indefinite-lived operating license.
Indefinite-lived intangibles are tested for impairment annually or when triggering events occur. There were no indicators of impairment of indefinite-lived intangibles as of March 31, 2026.
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

Note 9. Debt
The Company’s debt as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, consisted of the following (in thousands):
March 31,
2026
December 31,
2025
Revolving credit facility$ $12,000 
Term Loan facility
585,000 600,000 
Total borrowings
585,000 612,000 
Add: Remaining premium on interest rate caplets financed as debt
 83 
Total debt
585,000 612,083 
Less: Debt issuance costs(4,439)(4,663)
Total debt, net of debt issuance costs580,561 607,420 
Less: Current maturities(30,000)(37,583)
Total debt, net of current maturities$550,561 $569,837 
As of March 31, 2026, the weighted-average interest rate on the Company’s borrowings was approximately 5.5%.
Other Financing Activities
From time to time, the Company may take advantage of favorable financing terms offered by vendors for purchases of property and equipment. Financed property and equipment totaled $4.5 million and $4.8 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, of which $1.7 million is recorded in accounts payable and other accrued expenses for both periods with the remaining $2.8 million and $3.1 million recorded in other long-term liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets for the years ended March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025, respectively.
Interest rate hedging instruments
The Company manages its exposure to interest rate risk through the use of interest rate hedging instruments, which are derivative financial instruments.
On January 12, 2022, the Company hedged the variability of the cash flows attributable to changes in the 1-month Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) interest rates on the first $300 million of the term loan under the Company’s prior credit agreement by entering into a 4-year series of 48 deferred premium caplets (“caplets”), which expired in January 2026.
On January 30, 2026, following the expiration of the caplets and to continue to hedge the variability of the cash flows attributable to the changes in the 1-month Term SOFR interest rate, the Company entered into an interest rate collar. The collar, which is designated as a cash flow hedge, establishes a cap interest rate of 4.00% and a floor interest rate of 2.9215%. The interest‑rate collar is structured so its notional amount and timing exactly match the term loan’s outstanding balance and scheduled principal payments. The interest rate collar matures in September 2029.
The Company recognized an unrealized loss, net of taxes, on the change in fair value of the interest rate hedging instruments of less than $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026. In comparison, the Company recognized an unrealized loss, net of taxes, of $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. For more information on how the Company determines the fair value of the interest rate hedging instruments, see Note 12. The Company also recognized interest income on the caplets of $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026. In comparison, the Company recognized interest income on the caplets of $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. These amounts are reflected in interest expense, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income. As of March 31, 2026 there has been no realized gain or loss on the interest rate collar.
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

Note 10. Business Acquisitions
2025 Business Acquisitions
Dynasty Games
On December 1, 2025, the Company acquired Dynasty Games (“Dynasty”), a Nevada based operator and owner of multiple licensed video poker establishments, for a total purchase price of $4.3 million, which included i) $4.0 million paid in cash at closing and ii) $0.3 million deposited in escrow that is tied to contingent liability with an estimated fair value of $0.3 million. In April 2026, the Company paid $0.1 million of the contingent liability using the funds deposited in escrow. The acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition in accordance with Topic 805. The purchase price was allocated to the following assets: i) gaming equipment totaling $0.3 million, ii) vehicles totaling less than $0.1 million, iii) inventory totaling less than $0.1 million, iv) furniture & fixtures totaling less than $0.1 million, v) location contracts totaling $3.8 million, and vi) contingent liability totaling $0.3 million. The results of operations for Dynasty are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company from the date of acquisition and were not material.
Consideration Payable
The Company has a contingent consideration payable related to certain locations, as defined in each respective acquisition agreement, which are placed into operation during a specified period after the acquisition date. The fair value of contingent consideration is included in consideration payable on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. The contingent consideration accrued is measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company presents on its condensed consolidated statement of cash flows, payments for consideration payable within 90 days in investing activities, payments after 90 days and up to the acquisition date fair value in financing activities, and payments in excess of the acquisition date fair value in operating activities.
Current and long-term portions of consideration payable consist of the following as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in thousands):
March 31, 2026December 31, 2025
CurrentLong-TermCurrentLong-Term
Fair Share Gaming
1,432 9,096 1,349 8,050 
Skyhigh
525 4,057 520 3,998 
IVSM
95  194  
IGE
596 1,158 586 1,138 
Island
100  100  
Dynasty
245  243  
Randy’s  175  
Toucan Gaming
482 2,645 475 2,604 
Pelican170  239  
Total$3,645 $16,956 $3,881 $15,790 
All acquisitions mentioned in the table above occurred prior to 2025 with the exception of Dynasty.
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

Note 11. Contingent Earnout Share Liability
Pursuant to the terms of the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Company authorized and has available for issuance 10,000,000 shares of Class A-2 common stock. The holders of the Class A-2 common stock do not have voting rights and are not entitled to receive or participate in any dividends or distributions when and if declared from time to time.
In 2019, 5,000,000 shares of Class A-2 common stock were issued, subject to the conditions set forth in a restricted stock agreement (the “Restricted Stock Agreement”), which sets forth the terms upon which the Class A-2 common stock will be exchanged for an equal number of validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable Class A-1 common stock. The exchange of Class A-2 common stock for Class A-1 common stock will be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Restricted Stock Agreement, with such exchanges occurring in three separate tranches upon the satisfaction of the specified triggers, based on the closing sale price of Class A-1 common stock exceeding certain prices over certain trading periods.
In 2020, the market condition for the settlement of Tranche I was satisfied. As a result, 1,666,636 shares of the 1,666,666 shares of Tranche I Class A-2 common stock were converted into Class A-1 common stock.
The market conditions for the remaining two Tranches are as follows:
Tranche II, equal to 1,666,667 shares of Class A-2 common stock, will be exchanged for Class A-1 common stock if the closing sale price of Class A-1 common stock on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) equals or exceeds $14.00 for at least twenty trading days in any consecutive thirty trading day period; and
Tranche III, equal to 1,666,667 shares of Class A-2 common stock, will be exchanged for Class A-1 common stock if the closing sale price of Class A-1 common stock on the NYSE equals or exceeds $16.00 for at least twenty trading days in any consecutive thirty trading day period.
The Company concluded that the Class A-2 common stock should be reflected as a contingent earnout share liability due to the fact that such shares are not entitled to dividends, voting rights, or a stake in the Company in the case of liquidation. The contingent earnout share liability is recorded at fair value. For more information on how the fair value is determined, see Note 12.
Note 12. Fair Value Measurements
ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and the corresponding disclosure requirements around fair value measurements. This topic applies to all financial instruments that are being measured and reported on a fair value basis.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In determining fair value, various methods, including market, income and cost approaches, are used. Based on these approaches, certain assumptions are utilized that the market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and/or the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable inputs. Valuation techniques are utilized that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Based on the observability of the inputs used in the valuation techniques, it is required to provide information according to the fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy ranks the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. Assets and liabilities carried at fair value will be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
Level 1: Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in active exchange markets, such as the NYSE. Level 1 also includes U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities and federal agency mortgage-backed securities, which are traded by dealers or brokers in active markets. Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets or liabilities.
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

Level 2: Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in less active dealer or broker markets. Valuations are obtained from third-party pricing services for identical or similar assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 3: Valuations for assets and liabilities that are derived from other valuation methodologies, including option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques, and not based on market exchange, dealer, or broker traded transactions. Level 3 valuations incorporate certain assumptions and projections in determining the fair value assigned to such assets or liabilities.
Assets measured at fair value
The following tables summarize the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
March 31, 2026Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
   Interest rate hedging instruments
285  285  
Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
December 31, 2025Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
 (Level 1)
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
  Interest rate hedging instruments
430  430  
Interest rate hedging instruments
The Company determines the fair value of the interest rate hedging instruments using quotes that are based on models whose inputs are observable SOFR forward interest rate curves. The valuation of the interest rate hedging instruments is considered to be a Level 2 fair value measurement as the significant inputs are observable. Unrealized changes in the fair value of the interest rate hedging instruments are classified within other comprehensive income on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Realized gains on the interest rate hedging instruments are recorded to interest expense, net on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income and included within cash payments for interest, net on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flow.
Liabilities measured at fair value
The following tables summarize the Company’s liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
March 31, 2026Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$17,306 $ $ $17,306 
Contingent earnout shares32,201  32,201  
Total$49,507 $ $32,201 $17,306 

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
December 31, 2025Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$16,253 $ $ $16,253 
Contingent earnout shares33,676  33,676  
Total$49,929 $ $33,676 $16,253 
Contingent consideration
The Company uses a discounted cash flow analysis to determine the value of contingent consideration upon acquisition and updates this estimate on a recurring basis. The significant assumptions used in the Company's cash flow analysis includes the probability adjusted projected revenues after state taxes, a discount rate as applicable to each acquisition, and the estimated number of locations that “go live” with the Company during the contingent consideration period. The valuation of the Company's contingent consideration is considered to be a Level 3 fair value measurement as the significant inputs are unobservable and require significant judgment or estimation. Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities are classified within other expenses, net on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
Contingent earnout shares
The Company determined the fair value of the contingent earnout shares based on the market price of the Company's Class A-1 common stock. The liability, by tranche, is then stated at present value based on i) an interest rate derived from the Company's borrowing rate and the applicable risk-free rate and ii) an estimate on when it expects the contingent earnout shares to convert to Class A-1 common stock. The valuation of the Company's contingent consideration is considered to be a Level 2 fair value measurement. Changes in the fair value of contingent earnout shares are included within loss on change in fair value of contingent earnout shares on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
There were no transfers in or out of Level 3 for the periods presented.
Note 13. Stockholders’ Equity
Pursuant to the terms of the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Company authorized and has available for issuance the following shares:
Class A-1 Common Stock
The holders of the Class A-1 common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. The holders of Class A-1 common stock are entitled to receive dividends or other distributions when and if declared from time to time and share equally on a per share basis in such dividends and distributions, subject to such rights of the holders of preferred stock.
Treasury Stock
On November 22, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors (“Board”) approved a share repurchase program of up to $200 million shares of Class A-1 common stock. On February 27, 2025, the Board approved an amendment to the share repurchase program to replenish the dollar amount that may be purchased under the program back to up to $200 million shares of Class A-1 common stock (as amended, the “share repurchase program”). The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including price, general business and market conditions, and alternative investment opportunities. Under the share repurchase program, repurchases can be made from time to time using a variety of methods, including open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, in compliance with the rules of the SEC and other applicable legal
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Accel Entertainment, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

requirements. The share repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of shares, and the share repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time at the Company’s discretion. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had acquired a total of 18.7 million shares under the share repurchase program at a total purchase price of $195.6 million, of which 1.1 million shares at a total purchase price of $12.1 million were acquired during the three months ended March 31, 2026.
Note 14. Segment Reporting
The Company assesses its reportable segments on an annual basis or as changes in its business occur. As part of its assessment, the Company has determined its chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) to be its Chief Executive Officer, Andrew Rubenstein, who is ultimately responsible for the operating performance of the Company and the allocation of resources. The CODM assesses financial performance and allocates resources based on Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is used by the CODM to understand the Company’s underlying drivers of profitability, trends in its business, and to facilitate company-to-company and period-to-period comparisons. Segment asset information is provided to the CODM to support the CODM’s assessment of performance but is not used to allocate resources.
The Company defines Adjusted EBITDA as net income plus:
Amortization of intangible assets and route and customer acquisition costs
Stock-based compensation expense
Loss from unconsolidated affiliates
Loss on change in fair value of contingent earnout shares
Other expenses, net which consists of i) non-cash expenses including the remeasurement of contingent consideration liabilities, ii) non-recurring lobbying and legal expenses related to distributed gaming expansion in current or prospective markets, iii) other non-recurring expenses and beginning in 2026 iv) gain or loss on sale of fixed assets, which were previously presented in general and administrative expenses. Prior periods have not been recast to reflect this change.
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
Interest expense, net
Emerging markets, which reflects the results, on an Adjusted EBITDA basis, for non-core jurisdictions where the Company’s operations are developing
Income tax expense
The Company’s distributed gaming reportable segment consists of the installation, maintenance, and operation of gaming terminals, redemption devices that disburse winnings and contain ATM functionality and other amusement devices in authorized non-casino locations such as restaurants, bars, convenience stores, liquor stores, truck stops and grocery stores. The Company’s operations and services are consistent in the Company’s markets.
The Company has determined that with the acquisition of Fairmount in December 2024, it has two operating segments: distributed gaming and casino and racing as of March 31, 2026. However, the casino and racing operating segment does not meet the criteria of a reportable segment from a quantitative standpoint as of March 31, 2026. The Company will continue to evaluate from a quantitative and qualitative standpoint whether the casino and racing operating segment meets the criteria of a reportable segment.
Significant segment expenses, including disaggregated significant expenses that are presented within general and administrative expenses, are presented in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income and are included in the table below.

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Accel Entertainment, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

The following table presents financial information with respect to the Company’s single reportable segment, distributed gaming, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. Additionally, the Company has included an "all other" operating segment which is its casino and racing operations that is neither individually reportable nor able to be aggregated or combined with another operating segment.
(in thousands)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20262025
Distributed gaming
Total net revenues (1)
$340,801 $318,062 
Adjustments: (2)
Cost of revenue
237,034 219,680 
Compensation related costs - operations (3)
22,373 20,956 
Compensation related costs - general and administrative (3)
12,543 12,447 
All other segment items (4) (6)
15,261 15,632 
Adjusted EBITDA for distributed gaming
$53,590 $49,347 
Adjusted EBITDA for “all other” operating segment (5)
$167 $167 
Less Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
$13,862 $12,301 
Amortization of intangible assets and route and customer acquisition costs
6,790 6,290 
Interest expense, net8,501 8,685 
Emerging markets 63 
Loss from unconsolidated affiliates
16 16 
Stock-based compensation expense
2,499 2,091 
Gain on change in fair value of contingent earnout shares
(1,476)(2,355)
Other expenses, net (6)
3,526 2,817 
Income before income tax expense$20,039 $19,606 
Income tax expense5,376 4,993 
Net income$14,663 $14,613 
(1)Total net revenues is further disaggregated by revenue stream as included on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
(2)The significant expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the CODM.
(3)Compensation related costs represent payroll and other related costs that are included in general and administrative on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.
(4)All other segment items include other operating and general and administrative expenses (such as general and administrative expenses related to parts, advertising, information technology, etc.) which are included in general and administrative on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income and cost of manufacturing goods sold, as well as, adjustments for stock-based compensation expense and emerging markets.
(5)All corporate expenses were allocated to the distributed gaming reportable segment as of March 31, 2026. The "all other" operating segment had total net revenues of $10.8 million; cost of revenues of $4.6 million; compensation related costs of $3.2 million in operations and $0.8 million in general and administrative; and all other segment items of $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026.
(6)Loss on sale of fixed assets was $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and is included in Other expenses, net. Loss on sale of fixed assets was $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and is presented in All other segment items, which is not an adjustment for EBITDA.
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Accel Entertainment, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

As of March 31, 2026, the assets associated with the distributed gaming segment are $1.0 billion and the assets for the "all other" operating segment were $60.5 million. See the condensed consolidated financial statements for other financial information (such as cash used for capital expenditures, etc.) regarding the Company’s reportable segment.
Note 15. Stock-based Compensation
The Company grants various types of stock-based compensation awards. The Company measures its stock-based compensation expense based on the grant date fair value of the award and recognizes the expense over the requisite service period for the respective award.
Under the Accel Entertainment, Inc. Long Term Incentive Plan, the Company issued 164,794 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to members of the Board during the first quarter of 2026, which will vest at the end of 2026. The estimated grant date fair value of these RSUs totaled $1.8 million.
Stock-based compensation expense, which pertains to the Company’s RSUs and performance-based restricted stock units, was $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026. In comparison, stock-based compensation expense was $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Stock-based compensation expense is included within general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income.
Note 16. Income Taxes
The Company recognized income tax expense of $5.4 million and $5.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, and 2025, respectively.
The Company calculates its provision for income taxes during interim reporting periods by applying an estimate of the annual effective tax rate to its year-to-date pretax book income or loss. The effective tax rate (income taxes as a percentage of income before income taxes) was 26.8% and 25.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The Company’s effective income tax rate can vary from period to period depending on, among other factors, the amount of permanent tax adjustments and discrete items. The change in the fair value of the contingent earnout shares is considered a permanent, non-taxable item for income tax purposes and was the primary driver for the fluctuations in the tax rate year over year.
The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (the “Act”) was signed into law on July 4, 2025. The Act contains significant tax law changes impacting business tax payers with various effective dates, with certain provisions effective in 2025 and others to be implemented through 2027. Among the tax law changes that impact the Company are those that relate to the timing of certain tax deductions including depreciation expense, interest expense and research and development expenditures. Because these tax law changes impact the timing of these deductions, they will not reduce the Company’s overall effective tax rate. However, these tax law changes have resulted in a favorable reduction to our current tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026, which was offset by an increase to deferred tax expense.
On May 1, 2026, the Company purchased $18.2 million of 2025 production tax credits for a total cost of $16.9 million. The Company will use the purchased tax credits on its 2025 federal tax return. Any excess credits that are not used on the 2025 federal tax return will be carried back to tax years 2022-2024 and will be fully utilized.
Note 17. Commitments and Contingencies
Lawsuits and claims are filed against the Company from time to time in the ordinary course of business, including related to employee matters, employment of professionals and non-compete clauses and agreements. Other than settled matters explained as follows, these actions are in various stages, and no judgments or decisions have been rendered. Management, after reviewing matters with legal counsel, believes that the outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
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Accel Entertainment, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

The Company has been involved in a series of related litigated matters stemming from claims that it wrongly contracted with various different licensed establishments (the “Defendant Establishments”) in 2012 in violation of the contractual rights held by J&J Ventures Gaming, LLC (“J&J”), as further described below.
On August 21, 2012, one of the Company’s operating subsidiaries entered into certain agreements with Jason Rowell (“Rowell”), a member of Action Gaming LLC (“Action Gaming”), which was an unlicensed terminal operator that had exclusive rights to place and operate gaming terminals within a number of establishments, including the Defendant Establishments. Under agreements with Rowell, the Company agreed to pay him for each licensed establishment which decided to enter into an exclusive location agreement with Accel. In late August and early September 2012, each of the Defendant Establishments signed a separate location agreement with the Company, purporting to grant the Company the exclusive right to operate gaming terminals in those establishments. Separately, on August 24, 2012, Action Gaming sold and assigned its rights to all its location agreements to J&J, including its exclusive rights with the Defendant Establishments (the “J&J Assigned Agreements”). At the time of the assignment of such rights to J&J, the Defendant Establishments were not yet licensed by the Illinois Gaming Board (“IGB”). As a result of subsequent litigation, the Supreme Court of Illinois determined that the IGB has exclusive jurisdiction to decide the validity and enforceability of gaming terminal use agreements, including the J&J Assigned Agreements.
Between May 2017 and September 2017, both the Company and J&J filed petitions with the IGB seeking adjudication of the rights of the parties and the validity of the J&J Assigned Agreements. Those petitions were recently adjudicated by the IGB, largely in the Company’s favor, and J&J has filed two new lawsuits to challenge the IGB’s rulings. J&J lost at both the trial court and appellate court level and recently filed a petition with the Illinois Supreme Court seeking permission for a further appeal. The petition for leave to appeal was denied by the Illinois Supreme Court. The second case is awaiting a ruling at the trial court level. The Company does not have a present estimate regarding the potential damages, if any, that could potentially be awarded in this litigation and, accordingly, has established no reserves relating to such matters.
On March 9, 2022, the Company filed a lawsuit in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois against Gold Rush relating to the Gold Rush convertible notes. The complaint sought damages for breach of contract and the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing as well as unjust enrichment. On June 22, 2022, Gold Rush filed a lawsuit in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois against the Company. The lawsuit alleged that the Company tortiously interfered with Gold Rush’s business activities and engaged in misconduct with respect to the Gold Rush convertible notes. Both suits were dismissed with prejudice as a result of the previously mentioned settlement between the Company and Gold Rush on the convertible notes in May 2023. For more information, see Note 4.
On March 25, 2022, Midwest Electronics Gaming LLC (“Midwest”) filed an administrative review action against the IGB, the Company and J&J in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois seeking administrative review of decisions of the IGB ruling in favor of the Company and J&J and against Midwest regarding the validity of certain use agreements covering locations currently serviced by Midwest. No monetary damages are sought against the Company. The Company filed a motion to dismiss Midwest’s amended complaint, which was granted in part and denied in part. The Company moved for summary judgment, and the trial court granted summary judgment in favor of the Company. The only remaining claim is Midwest’s claim against the IGB for the administrative review of the IGB’s decision. A ruling on that is expected sometime in the second quarter of 2026.
In July 2022, an enforcement action was brought against the Company by an Illinois municipality related to an alleged violation of an ordinance requiring the collection of an additional tax, the enforceability of which is currently being contested by the Illinois Gaming Machine Operators Association in the Circuit Court of Cook County. Rather than litigate the alleged violation, the Company pleaded no contest and has made the appropriate payments to the municipality during 2023, 2024 and 2025. In November 2025, a Circuit Court ruling, favorable to the Company, indefinitely stayed future administrative hearings and fines pending an appeal by the Illinois municipality. The Company does not anticipate making future voluntary payments during the appeal process.
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Accel Entertainment, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)

In February 2023, an Illinois municipality issued an order against the Company for the alleged failure to pay a terminal operator tax (“TO Tax”) for the privilege of operating gaming terminals within the municipality. The TO Tax was adopted by the municipality on June 8, 2021, but there was no enforcement of this tax until the Company was issued a notice of hearing in February 2023. In April 2023, the Company, along with numerous other terminal operators, filed a complaint in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois contesting the validity and enforceability of the TO Tax and won a temporary restraining order. On March 21, 2025, the Circuit Court of Cook County ruled favorably for the Company. The municipality has appealed this ruling.
Note 18. Earnings Per Share
The components of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) were as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20262025
Net income attributable to Accel Entertainment, Inc.
$14,673 $14,639 
Basic weighted average outstanding shares of common stock82,562 86,003 
Dilutive effect of stock-based awards for common stock1,532 1,220 
Diluted weighted average outstanding shares of common stock84,094 87,223 
Earnings per common share:
Basic$0.18 $0.17 
Diluted$0.17 $0.17 
Anti-dilutive stock-based awards, contingent earnout shares and warrants excluded from the calculations of diluted EPS were 4.3 million and 4.4 million shares as of March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as “believe,” “expect,” “plans,” “intend,” “may,” “strategy,” “prospects,” “estimate,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “project,” “target,” “anticipate,” and other similar words and involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. Any forward-looking statements made by us speak only as of the date on which they are made. We are under no obligation to, and expressly disclaims any obligation to, update or alter its forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, subsequent events or otherwise, except as required by law. This discussion and analysis should also be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Company Overview
We are a leading distributed gaming operator in the United States (“U.S.”), as well as a developer of brick-and-mortar casinos that serve local gaming markets and horse racing venues. We are a preferred partner for local business owners in the markets we serve. We offer turnkey, full-service gaming solutions to bars, restaurants, convenience stores, truck stops, and fraternal and veteran establishments across the country as well as casinos and horse racing venues. Our focus is providing unmatched customer support, guidance, and expertise so our location partners can grow their businesses with an additional revenue stream. We install, maintain, operate and service gaming terminals and related equipment for our location partners as well as redemption devices that have automated teller machine (“ATM”) functionality and stand-alone ATMs. We offer amusement devices, including jukeboxes, dartboards, pool tables, and other entertainment related equipment. These operations provide a complementary source of lead generation for our gaming business by offering a “one-stop” source of additional equipment for our location partners.
We also design and manufacture gaming terminals and related equipment. We are continuously evaluating additional opportunities that are complementary to our core business, such as our acquisition of Fairmount Park - Casino & Racing (“Fairmount”) in Collinsville, Illinois.
We currently operate in the following states:    
State
Year Operations Started or Year of Acquisition
Branding
Operations
Illinois2012Accel Entertainment
Establishments with a liquor license (Up to 6 gaming terminals)
Bars/restaurants/retail
Gaming cafes
Fraternal organizations
Veterans’ organizations
Truck stops (Up to 6 gaming terminals)
Large truck stops (Up to 10 gaming terminals)
Illinois2024
Fairmount Park - Casino + Racing
Operates a thoroughbred horse race track with 57 race days anticipated in 2026
Operates a casino with ~260 gaming positions and 7 table games
Revenue share agreement with FanDuel to operate a sportsbook
Offers attractive food and beverage offerings throughout the year
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State
Year Operations Started or Year of Acquisition
Branding
Operations
Montana2022Century Gaming
Business locations licensed to sell alcoholic beverages for on-premises consumption only, including locations restricted to offering a maximum of 20 gaming terminals
Montana2022Grand Vision Gaming
Designs and manufactures gaming terminals and software that are sold to Montana, South Dakota, and West Virginia
Develops proprietary gaming terminals and related software as well as other ancillary equipment for our distributed gaming routes in Montana, Nevada, Nebraska and Georgia
Montana2023Yellowstone Casino and other local retail/parlor locations
Retail gaming locations licensed to sell alcoholic beverages and offering a maximum of 20 gaming terminals
Certain locations have attractive food offerings
Currently, we have five parlor locations
Nevada2022Century Gaming
Non-casino locations where gaming is incidental to the primary business being conducted at the location, including:
Grocery/drug/convenience stores
Bars/restaurants/taverns
Liquor stores
Games are generally limited to 15 or fewer gaming terminals with no other forms of gaming activity permitted
Nebraska2022Accel Entertainment
Operate cash devices in retail locations throughout the state
Retail establishments include any business location that is open to the public for the sale of goods other than gaming terminals and that possesses a valid sales tax permit
Georgia2020Bulldog Gaming
Operates skill-based coin-operated amusement machines with winnings paid by gift cards through redemption terminals or Bulldog Wallet for noncash merchandise, prizes, toys, gift cards, or novelties

Louisiana2024Toucan Gaming
Truck stop gaming parlors (up to 60 gaming terminals)
Establishments with a liquor license (up to 4 gaming terminals)
Bars/restaurants/retail
Fraternal organizations
Veterans’ organizations
Iowa2021Accel Entertainment
Operate amusement concessions, including games of chance and games of skill, which we define as gaming terminals
Bars, taverns, and restaurants with a certain class of liquor license are permitted to operate up to four electrical or mechanical games of chance
Pennsylvania2023Accel Entertainment
Licensed to operate at qualified truck stops
Actively exploring opportunities
    
We are subject to the various gaming regulations in the states in which we operate, as well as various other federal, state and local laws and regulations.

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Distributed Gaming Competitive Landscape
We compete in the distributed gaming landscape on the basis of the responsiveness of our service to our locations and players, and the popularity, content, features, quality, functionality and reliability of our products. In the distributed gaming industry, we generally operate in markets where our terminal revenue splits are either statutorily determined or negotiated, as follows:
Statutory Splits
Negotiated Splits
Net terminal income splits are statutorily predetermined; minimum and maximum wagers are mandated by the applicable governing bodies
Net terminal income splits are negotiated
Pricing is not considered a factor as revenue splits with our locations are mandated by law
Pricing is a driver in contract negotiations as all revenue splits are negotiated
Location and customer experience are key differentiating factors for selecting us over our competitors
Our focus on player appeal, customer service and reputation are also key factors impacting competition
Our markets with statutory splits are: Illinois, Georgia, Pennsylvania
Our markets with negotiated splits are: Montana, Nevada, Nebraska, Iowa, Louisiana
We also enter into space lease agreements, primarily in the Nevada market, where the location earns a fixed monthly rental fee in exchange for the right for us to operate at the location. For these agreements, we are the sole holder of the applicable gaming license that allows us to operate in that location. Under these agreements, we recognize all of the gaming revenue and record the fixed monthly rental fees as cost of revenue.

Macroeconomic Factors
Ongoing interest rate uncertainty, persistent inflation, economic impacts from the conflict in Iran, and increased and/or reciprocal tariffs may increase the risk of an economic recession and volatility in the capital or credit markets in the U.S. and other markets globally. Our location partners may be adversely impacted by changes in overall economic and financial conditions, and certain location partners may cease operations in the event of a recession or inability to access financing. Furthermore, our revenue is largely driven by players’ disposable incomes and level of gaming activity. Economic conditions that adversely impact players’ ability and desire to spend disposable income at our location partners may adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows. For the first three months of 2026, we have not observed any material impacts to our business or outlook from the macroeconomic factors noted above.
We intend to continue to monitor macroeconomic conditions closely and may determine to take certain financial or operational actions in response to such conditions to the extent our business begins to be adversely impacted.
The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (the “Act”) was signed into law on July 4, 2025. The Act contains significant tax law changes impacting business tax payers with various effective dates, with certain provisions effective in 2025 and others to be implemented through 2027. Among the tax law changes that impact us are those that relate to the timing of certain tax deductions including depreciation expense, interest expense and research and development expenditures. Because these tax law changes impact the timing of these deductions, they will not reduce our overall effective tax rate. However, these tax law changes have resulted in a favorable reduction to our tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026, which was offset by an increase to deferred tax expense.
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Components of Performance
Net revenues
Net gaming. Net gaming revenue represents net cash received from gaming activities, which is the difference between gaming wins and losses. Net gaming revenue includes the amounts earned by our location partners and is recognized at the time of gaming play.
Amusement. Amusement revenue represents amounts collected from amusement devices operated at various location partners and is recognized at the point the amusement device is used.
Manufacturing. Manufacturing revenue represents sales of gaming terminals and software as well as other ancillary equipment.
ATM fees and other. ATM fees and other consist of fees charged for the withdrawal of funds from our redemption devices and stand-alone ATMs and is recognized at the time of the ATM transaction. Revenues from our racing operations are also included.
Operating expenses
Cost of revenue. Cost of revenue consists of i) taxes on net gaming revenue that is payable to the appropriate jurisdiction, ii) licenses, permits and other fees required for the operation of our business, iii) location revenue share, which is governed by local governing bodies and location contracts, iv) ATM and amusement commissions payable to locations, v) ATM and amusement fees and vi) expenses from our casino and racing operations.
Cost of manufacturing goods sold. Cost of manufacturing goods sold consists of costs associated with the sale of gaming terminals and software as well as other ancillary equipment.
General and administrative. General and administrative expenses consist of operating expense and general and administrative expense. Operating expense includes compensation-related costs for service technicians, route technicians, route security, preventative maintenance personnel and marketing. Operating expense also includes vehicle fuel and maintenance, and non-capitalizable parts expenses. Operating expenses are generally proportionate to the number of locations and gaming terminals. General and administrative expense includes compensation-related costs for account managers and other corporate personnel. In addition, general and administrative expense also includes information technology, insurance, rent and professional fees.
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the individual assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life or the lease.
Amortization of intangible assets and route and customer acquisition costs. Route and customer acquisition costs consist of fees paid at the inception of contracts entered into with third parties and our gaming locations, which allows us to install and operate gaming terminals. The route and customer acquisition costs and route and customer acquisition costs payable are recorded at the net present value of the future payments using a discount rate equal to our incremental borrowing rate associated with our long-term debt. Route and customer acquisition costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over 18 years, which is the expected estimated life of the contract, including expected renewals.
Location contracts acquired in a business combination are recorded at fair value and then amortized as an intangible asset on a straight-line basis over the expected useful life of 15 years.
Other intangible assets acquired in a business acquisition are recorded at fair value and then amortized as an intangible asset on a straight-line basis over their estimated 7 to 20-year useful lives.

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Interest expense, net
Interest expense, net consists of interest on our credit facility, amortization of financing fees, accretion of interest on route and customer acquisition costs payable, and interest (income) expense on the interest rate caplets. Interest on the current credit facility is payable monthly on unpaid balances at the variable per annum Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) rate plus an applicable margin, as defined under the terms of the credit facility, ranging from 1.75% to 2.50% depending on the first lien net leverage ratio.
Income tax expense
Income tax expense consists mainly of taxes payable to federal, state and local authorities. Deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of the assets and liabilities.
Results of Operations
The following table summarizes our results of operations on a consolidated basis for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
(in thousands, except %'s)Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase / (Decrease)
20262025Change ($)Change (%)
Net revenues:
Net gaming$331,425 $301,951 $29,474 9.8 %
Amusement5,825 5,908 (83)(1.4)%
Manufacturing1,240 3,858 (2,618)(67.9)%
ATM fees and other13,068 12,195 873 7.2 %
Total net revenues351,558 323,912 27,646 8.5 %
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown below)241,616 221,472 20,144 9.1 %
Cost of manufacturing goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown below)636 2,076 (1,440)(69.4)%
General and administrative58,048 53,004 5,044 9.5 %
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment13,862 12,301 1,561 12.7 %
Amortization of intangible assets and route and customer acquisition costs6,790 6,290 500 7.9 %
Other expenses, net3,526 2,817 709 25.2 %
Total operating expenses324,478 297,960 26,518 8.9 %
Operating income27,080 25,952 1,128 4.3 %
Interest expense, net8,501 8,685 (184)(2.1)%
Loss from unconsolidated affiliates
16 16 — 0.0 %
Gain on change in fair value of contingent earnout shares
(1,476)(2,355)(879)(37.3)%
Income before income tax expense20,039 19,606 433 2.2 %
Income tax expense5,376 4,993 383 7.7 %
Net income$14,663 $14,613 $50 0.3 %
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Net revenues
Total net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2026 were $351.6 million, an increase of $27.6 million, or 8.5%, compared to the prior-year period. This increase was primarily driven by higher net gaming revenue of $29.5 million, which reflected an increase in gaming locations, terminals and revenue from our casino operations, partially offset by a decrease in manufacturing revenue of $2.6 million, or 67.9%, due to lower equipment (timing) and software sales. Net revenues by state are presented below:
(in thousands, except %s)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase / (Decrease)
20262025Change ($)Change (%)
Net revenues by state:
Illinois$252,798 $233,479 $19,319 8.3 %
Montana40,636 41,136 (500)(1.2)%
Nevada29,301 27,617 1,684 6.1 %
Louisiana
10,143 9,025 1,118 12.4 %
Nebraska11,381 7,230 4,151 57.4 %
Georgia6,184 4,325 1,859 43.0 %
Other
1,115 1,100 15 1.4 %
Total net revenues$351,558 $323,912 $27,646 8.5 %
Cost of revenue
Cost of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $241.6 million, an increase of $20.1 million, or 9.1%, compared to the prior-year period, driven by higher net gaming revenue and revenue from our casino operations, as described above.
Cost of manufacturing goods sold
Cost of manufacturing goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $0.6 million, a decrease of $1.4 million, or 69.4%, due to the previously mentioned decrease in equipment and software sales.
General and administrative
General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 were $58.0 million, an increase of $5.0 million, or 9.5%, compared to the prior-year period. The increase was primarily attributable to higher compensation-related costs, as we continue to grow our operations.
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $13.9 million, an increase of $1.6 million, or 12.7%, compared to the prior-year period due to an increased number of gaming terminals.
Amortization of intangible assets and route and customer acquisition costs
Amortization of intangible assets and route and customer acquisition costs for the three months ended March 31, 2026 were $6.8 million, an increase of $0.5 million, or 7.9%, compared to the prior-year period due to higher amortization expense on route and customer acquisition costs.
Other expenses, net
Other expenses, net for the three months ended March 31, 2026 were $3.5 million, a increase of $0.7 million, or 25.2%, compared to the prior-year period. The increase was primarily attributable to higher fair value adjustments associated with the revaluation of contingent consideration liabilities and losses on sales of assets, partially offset by lower non-recurring expenses, and lower non-recurring lobbying and legal expenses related to new markets.
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Interest expense, net
Interest expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $8.5 million, which was a decrease of $0.2 million, or 2.1%, compared to the prior-year period. We experienced lower interest rates, partially offset by a lower benefit realized on our interest rate caplets and an increase in average outstanding debt. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the weighted average interest rate, excluding the impact of our interest rate caplets, was approximately 5.5% compared to 6.5% in the prior-year period.
Gain on change in fair value of contingent earnout shares
The change in the fair value of contingent earnout shares for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was a gain of $1.5 million, compared to a gain of $2.4 million the prior-year period. The change was primarily due to the change in the market value of our Class A-1 common stock, which is the primary input to the valuation of the contingent earnout shares.
Income tax expense
Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $5.4 million, an increase of $0.4 million, or 7.7%, compared to the prior-year period. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was 26.8% compared to 25.5% in the prior-year period. Our effective income tax rate can vary from period to period depending on, among other factors, the amount of permanent tax adjustments and discrete items. The change in the fair value of the contingent earnout shares is considered a permanent, non-taxable item for tax purposes and can be the primary driver for the fluctuations in the tax rate year over year.
Key Business Metrics
We use statistical data and comparative information commonly used in the gaming industry to monitor the performance of the business, none of which are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and therefore should not be viewed as indicators of operational performance. Our management uses these key business metrics for financial planning, strategic planning and employee compensation decisions. The key business metrics include:
Number of locations;
Number of gaming terminals; and
Location hold-per-day
We also periodically review and revise our key business metrics to reflect changes in our business.
Number of locations
The number of locations is based on a combination of third-party portal data and data from our internal systems. We utilize this metric to continually monitor growth from existing locations, organic openings, purchased locations, and competitor conversions. Competitor conversions occur when a location chooses to change terminal operators.
The following table sets forth information with respect to our primary locations:
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As of March 31,
Increase / (Decrease)
20262025Change
Change (%)
Illinois2,678 2,745 (67)(2.4)%
Montana627 618 1.5 %
Nevada450 355 95 26.8 %
Louisiana
99 96 3.1 %
Nebraska290 267 23 8.6 %
Georgia396 310 86 27.7 %
Total4,540 4,391 149 3.4 %
Number of gaming terminals
The number of gaming terminals in operation is based on a combination of third-party portal data and data from our internal systems. We utilize this metric to continually monitor growth from existing locations, organic openings, purchased locations, and competitor conversions.
The following table sets forth information with respect to the number of gaming terminals in our primary locations:
As of March 31,
Increase / (Decrease)
20262025Change
Change (%)
Illinois15,413 15,624 (211)(1.4)%
Montana6,675 6,526 149 2.3 %
Nevada3,348 2,623 725 27.6 %
Louisiana
728 614 114 18.6 %
Nebraska1,053 949 104 11.0 %
Georgia1,136 844 292 34.6 %
Total28,353 27,180 1,173 4.3 %

Location hold-per-day
Location hold-per-day is calculated by dividing net gaming revenue in the period by the average number of locations, which is then further divided by the number of operational days. We utilize this metric to compare market and location performance on a normalized basis. The percent change in location hold-per-day is the underlying metric we use to determine the change in same-store sales.
The following tables set forth information with respect to our location hold-per-day in our primary locations for the three months ended:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase / (Decrease)
20262025
Change ($)
Change (%)
Illinois$962 $885 $77 8.7 %
Montana639 610 29 4.8 %
Nevada713 802 (89)(11.1)%
Louisiana
1,101 972 129 13.3 %
Nebraska412 263 149 56.7 %
Georgia165 145 20 13.8 %
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Non-GAAP Financial Measure
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure, but is a key metric management uses to monitor ongoing core operations. Adjusted EBITDA excludes the effects of certain non-cash items or represent certain nonrecurring items that are unrelated to core performance. Management believes this non-GAAP financial measure enhances the understanding of our underlying drivers of profitability and trends in our business and facilitates company-to-company and period-to-period comparisons. Management also believes that this non-GAAP financial measure is used by investors, analysts and other interested parties as a measure of financial performance and to evaluate our ability to fund capital expenditures, service debt obligations and meet working capital requirements.
Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income plus:
Amortization of intangible assets and route and customer acquisition costs
Stock-based compensation expense
Loss from unconsolidated affiliates
Gain on change in fair value of contingent earnout shares
Other expenses, net which consists of i) non-cash expenses including the remeasurement of contingent consideration liabilities, ii) non-recurring lobbying and legal expenses related to distributed gaming expansion in current or prospective markets, iii) other non-recurring expenses, and beginning in 2026 iv) gain or loss on sale of fixed assets, which were previously presented in general and administrative expenses. Prior periods have not been recast to reflect this change.
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
Interest expense, net
Emerging markets which reflects the results, on an Adjusted EBITDA basis, for non-core jurisdictions where our operations are developing
Markets are no longer considered emerging when we have installed or acquired at least 500 gaming terminals in the jurisdiction, or when 24 months have elapsed from the date we first install or acquire gaming terminals in the jurisdiction, whichever occurs first.
Prior to June 2025, Pennsylvania was considered an emerging market.
As of June 2025, we no longer have any emerging markets.
Income tax expense


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Adjusted EBITDA
(in thousands, except %s)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase / (Decrease)
20262025Change ($)Change (%)
Net income$14,663 $14,613 $50 0.3 %
Adjustments:
Amortization of intangible assets and route and customer acquisition costs
6,790 6,290 500 7.9 %
Stock-based compensation expense
2,499 2,091 408 19.5 %
Loss from unconsolidated affiliates
16 16 — — %
Gain on change in fair value of contingent earnout shares
(1,476)(2,355)879 (37.3)%
Other expenses, net (1)
3,526 2,817 709 25.2 %
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
13,862 12,301 1,561 12.7 %
Interest expense, net8,501 8,685 (184)(2.1)%
Emerging markets
— 63 (63)(100.0)%
Income tax expense5,376 4,993 383 7.7 %
Adjusted EBITDA$53,757 $49,514 $4,243 8.6 %
(1)Loss on sale of fixed assets was $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and is included in Other expenses, net. Loss on sale of fixed assets was $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and is presented in general and administrative expenses, which is not an adjustment for EBITDA.
Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2026, was $53.8 million, an increase of $4.2 million, or 8.6%, compared to the prior-year period. The increase was attributable to an increase in the number of locations and gaming terminals.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We believe that our cash and cash equivalents, cash flows from operations and borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement (as defined below) will be sufficient to meet our capital requirements for the next twelve months and the foreseeable future thereafter. Our primary short-term cash needs are paying operating expenses and contingent earnout payments, purchases of property and equipment, servicing outstanding indebtedness, and funding our Board of Directors (“Board”) approved share repurchase program and near-term acquisitions. As of March 31, 2026, we had $274.1 million in cash and cash equivalents.
Credit Agreement
In order to refinance our prior credit facility, we entered into a Credit Agreement, dated as of September 10, 2025 (the “Credit Agreement”), by and among us, Accel Entertainment LLC (the “Borrower”), the lenders from time to time party thereto, CIBC Bank USA, as administrative agent and collateral agent for the lenders and lead arranger, Fifth Third Bank, National Association, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., U.S. Bank National Association, and Truist Securities, Inc., as joint lead arrangers, and Bank of America, N.A. as documentation agent.
The Credit Agreement establishes a:
$300.0 million revolving credit facility, including a letter of credit facility with a $15.0 million sublimit and a swing line facility with a $25.0 million sublimit, and
$600.0 million term loan facility.
The maturity date of the Credit Agreement is September 10, 2030.
Proceeds of the initial borrowings under the Credit Agreement were used to repay in full all outstanding indebtedness and terminate all commitments under our prior credit agreement, dated as of November 13, 2019, as amended.
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As of March 31, 2026, the weighted-average interest rate on our borrowings under the Credit Agreement was approximately 5.5%.
We were in compliance with all debt covenants under the Credit Agreement as of March 31, 2026 and expect to remain in compliance for the next 12 months.
Other Financing Activities
From time to time, we may take advantage of favorable financing terms offered by vendors for purchases of property and equipment. Financed property and equipment totaled $4.5 million and $4.8 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, of which $1.7 million is recorded in accounts payable and other accrued expenses for both periods with the remaining $2.8 million and $3.1 million recorded in other long-term liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets for the years ended March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025, respectively.
Interest rate hedging instruments
We manage our exposure to interest rate risk through the use of interest rate hedging instruments, which are derivative financial instruments.
On January 12, 2022, we hedged the variability of the cash flows attributable to changes in the 1-month SOFR interest rates on the first $300 million of the term loan under the prior credit agreement by entering into a 4-year series of 48 deferred premium caplets (“caplets”), which expired in January 2026.
On January 30, 2026, following the expiration of the caplets and to continue to hedge the variability of the cash flows attributable to the changes in the 1-month Term SOFR interest rate, we entered into an interest rate collar. The collar, which is designated as a cash flow hedge, establishes a cap interest rate of 4.00% and a floor interest rate of 2.9215%. The interest‑rate collar is structured so its notional amount and timing exactly match the term loan’s outstanding balance and scheduled principal payments. The interest rate collar matures in September 2029.
We recognized an unrealized loss, net of taxes, on the change in fair value of the interest rate hedging instruments of less than $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026. In comparison, we recognized an unrealized loss, net of taxes, of $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. We also recognized interest income on the caplets of $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026. In comparison, we recognized interest income on the caplets of $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. These amounts are reflected in interest expense, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income. As of March 31, 2026 there has been no realized gain or loss on the interest rate collar.
Temporary equity
In 2024, we acquired 85% of the ownership interests in both Toucan Gaming, LLC and LSM Gaming, LLC (herein referred to as “Toucan Gaming”), two Louisiana-based operators and owners of multiple licensed video poker establishments. Concurrent with the acquisition, we entered into a redemption agreement with the noncontrolling interest holder in the form of put and call options that would allow us to eventually own 100% of Toucan Gaming. The noncontrolling interest holder may exercise its put option after seven years, or if we have a change in control event. We may exercise our call option after ten years or upon termination of key employees of Toucan Gaming for cause. The redemption provisions are not currently considered probable. As these redemption features are not solely within our control, they cause the noncontrolling interests to be redeemable. As a result, we recorded the redeemable noncontrolling interest to temporary equity at its acquisition date fair value based on the proportionate share in net assets of Toucan Gaming, which is reported in the mezzanine section between total liabilities and shareholders’ equity in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. These redeemable noncontrolling interests are subsequently recorded at carrying value, which is adjusted for the noncontrolling interests’ share of net income or loss. If the redemption criteria become probable, the redeemable noncontrolling interests are recorded at the greater of carrying value, which is adjusted for the noncontrolling interests’ share of net income or loss, or estimated redemption value at each reporting period. If the carrying value, after the income or loss attribution, is below the estimated redemption value at each reporting period, we will
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remeasure the redeemable noncontrolling interests to its redemption value at which point any measurement period adjustments are recorded to equity and a corresponding adjustment to earnings per share.
Tax credit purchases
On May 1, 2026, we purchased $18.2 million of 2025 production tax credits for a total cost of $16.9 million. We will use the purchased tax credits on our 2025 federal tax return. Any excess credits that are not used on the 2025 federal tax return will be carried back to tax years 2022-2024 and will be fully utilized.
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes net cash provided by or used in operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the periods indicated and should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in this filing:
(in thousands, except %s)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Increase / (Decrease)
20262025
Change ($)
Change (%)
Net cash provided by operating activities$42,743 $44,752 $(2,009)(4.5)%
Net cash used in investing activities(23,069)(26,186)3,117 11.9 %
Net cash used in financing activities
(42,145)(27,932)(14,213)(50.9)%
Net cash provided by operating activities
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, net cash provided by operating activities was $42.7 million, a decrease in cash of $2.0 million compared to the prior-year period due primarily to favorable changes in working capital adjustments for accounts payable and accrued expenses, partially offset by unfavorable changes related to income taxes.
Net cash used in investing activities
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, net cash used in investing activities was $23.1 million, a decrease in cash used of $3.1 million compared to the prior-year period. The decrease in cash used was primarily attributable to less cash used for the purchase of property, plant and equipment. We anticipate our capital expenditures will be approximately $60-70 million in 2026.
Net cash used in financing activities
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, net cash used in financing activities was $42.1 million, an increase in cash used of $14.2 million compared to the prior-year period. The increase is primarily attributable to higher payments on debt and higher repurchases of our Class A-1 common stock.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
In preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements, we applied the same critical accounting policies as described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, that affect judgments and estimates of amounts recorded for certain assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses.
Seasonality
Our results of operations can fluctuate due to seasonal trends and other factors. For example, the gross revenue per machine per day is typically lower in the summer when players will typically spend less time indoors at our locations, and higher in cold weather between February and April, when players will typically spend more time indoors at our locations. Our horse racing operations only operate during the months where the weather is conducive to racing, which is typically from late spring through the early fall. Holidays, vacation seasons, and sporting events may also cause our results to fluctuate.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Market risk exposure is primarily the result of fluctuations in interest rates.
Interest rate risk
We are exposed to interest rate risk in the ordinary course of business. Borrowings under our credit facility were $585.0 million as of March 31, 2026. If the underlying interest rates were to increase by 1.0%, or 100 basis points, the increase in interest expense on our floating rate debt could negatively impact future earnings and cash flows by approximately $5.9 million annually, assuming the balance outstanding under the credit facility remained at $585.0 million.
In order to protect against higher interest rates in the future on our credit facility, we hedged the variability of the cash flows attributable to the changes in the 1-month SOFR interest rate on the first $300 million of the term loan by entering into a 4-year series of 48 caplets on January 12, 2022, which expired in January 2026. The caplets protected our exposure when the 1-month SOFR interest rate exceeded 2%. On January 30, 2026, the Company continued to hedge the variability of the cash flows attributable to the changes in the 1-month Term SOFR interest rate by entering into an interest rate collar. The collar, which is designated as a cash flow hedge, establishes a cap interest rate of 4.00% and a floor interest rate of 2.9215%. The interest‑rate collar is structured so its notional amount and timing exactly match the term loan’s outstanding balance and scheduled principal payments. The interest rate collar matures in September 2029.
Cash and cash equivalents are held in cash vaults, highly liquid checking and money market accounts, gaming terminals, redemption terminals, ATMs, and amusement equipment. As a result, these amounts are not materially affected by changes in interest rates.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company’s management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”, serving as our Principal Executive Officer) and our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”, serving as our Principal Financial Officer), conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. As a result of this evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2026.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes during the quarter ended March 31, 2026, in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the discussion in Note 17, Commitments and Contingencies, of the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
An investment in our Class A-1 common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risk factors described under Part I - Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 and our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in analyzing an investment in our Class A-1 common stock. If any such risks occur, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would likely suffer, the trading price of our Class A-1 common stock would decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. In addition, the risk factors and uncertainties could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in our forward-looking statements, whether made in this report or other documents we file with the SEC, or our annual report to stockholders, future press releases, or orally, whether in presentations, responses to questions, or otherwise. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or those we currently view to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations.
There have been no material changes in the risk factors described in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
On November 22, 2021, we announced that our Board had approved a share repurchase program of up to $200 million shares of our Class A-1 common stock. On February 27, 2025, we announced that the Board approved an amendment to the share repurchase program to replenish the dollar amount that may be purchased under the program back to up to $200 million shares of Class A-1 common stock (as amended, our “share repurchase program)”. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including price, general business and market conditions, and alternative investment opportunities. Under the share repurchase program, repurchases can be made from time to time using a variety of methods, including open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, in compliance with the rules of the SEC and other applicable legal requirements. The share repurchase program does not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of shares, and the share repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time at our discretion.
All share repurchases were made under our publicly announced share repurchase program, and there are no other programs under which we repurchase shares. Repurchases under our share repurchase program, during applicable restricted trading windows that we periodically establish, are executed under the terms of a pre-set trading plan meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c) of the Exchange Act.

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The following table presents a summary of share repurchases made during the first quarter of 2026:
PeriodTotal number of shares purchasedAverage price paid per share
Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs
Maximum approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the program (in millions)
January 1, 2026 - January 31, 2026324,544$11.39324,544$159.6
February 1, 2026 - February 28, 2026414,522$11.10414,522$155.0
March 1, 2026 - March 31, 2026343,856$11.18343,856$151.2
Total1,082,922$11.221,082,922
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
On March 13, 2026, Mark Phelan, our President, US Gaming and Chief Operating Officer, entered into a pre-arranged written stock sale plan in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 (the “Phelan Rule 10b5-1 Plan”) under the Exchange Act, for the sale of shares of our Class A-1 common stock. The Phelan Rule 10b5-1 Plan was adopted during an open trading window in accordance with our insider trading policy and is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act. The Phelan Rule 10b5-1 Plan provides for the potential sale of up to 100,000 shares of our Class A-1 common stock, so long as the market price of our Class A-1 common stock is higher than certain minimum threshold prices specified in the Phelan Rule 10b5-1 Plan between June 15, 2026 and June 30, 2027.
The Phelan Rule 10b5-1 Plan included a representation from Mr. Phelan to the broker administering the plan that he was not in possession of any material nonpublic information regarding us or our securities subject to the plan at the time the plan was entered into. A similar representation was made to us in a certification provided in connection with the adoption of the plan under our insider trading policy. These representations were made as of the date of adoption of the applicable plan or certification, as applicable, and speak only as of those dates. In making these representations, there is no assurance with respect to any material nonpublic information of which the applicable officer was unaware, or with respect to any material nonpublic information acquired by Mr. Phelan or by us after the applicable date of the representation.
Once executed, transactions under the Phelan Rule 10b5-1 Plan will be disclosed publicly through Form 4 and/or Form 144 filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission in accordance with applicable securities laws, rules, and regulations. Except as may be required by law, we do not undertake any obligation to update or report any modification, termination, or other activity under current or future Rule 10b5-1 plans that may be adopted by Mr. Phelan, or our other officers or directors.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibit
No.
Exhibit
10.1**
10.2**
31.1 *
31.2 *
32.1 ^
32.2 ^
101.INS
Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104Cover Page Inline XBRL File (included in Exhibit 101)

*    Filed herewith.
^    Furnished herewith.
**    Indicates management contract or compensation plan or agreement.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
ACCEL ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
Date: May 5, 2026By:/s/ Christie Kozlik
Christie Kozlik
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)
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