| Property, plant and equipment, net |
| 7. | Property, plant and equipment, net |
| | |
2023 | |
| | |
Office
equipment | | |
Leasehold
improvements | | |
Others | | |
Total | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |
| January 1 | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |
| Cost | |
$ | 109,955 | | |
$ | 89,005 | | |
$ | 83,116 | | |
$ | 282,076 | |
| Accumulated
depreciation | |
| (47,973 | ) | |
| (73,520 | ) | |
| (83,116 | ) | |
| (204,609 | ) |
| | |
$ | 61,982 | | |
$ | 15,485 | | |
$ | - | | |
$ | 77,467 | |
| | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
| January 1 | |
$ | 61,982 | | |
$ | 15,485 | | |
$ | - | | |
| 77,467 | |
| Acquisition
through business combination | |
| 306,218 | | |
| 219,573 | | |
| - | | |
| 525,791 | |
| Additions | |
| 88,490 | | |
| - | | |
| 11,607 | | |
| 100,097 | |
| Depreciation
expenses | |
| (109,797 | ) | |
| (47,763 | ) | |
| (2,433 | ) | |
| (159,993 | ) |
| Disposals | |
| (974 | ) | |
| (157 | ) | |
| - | | |
| (1,131 | ) |
| Reclassifications | |
| - | | |
| (5,090 | ) | |
| 5,090 | | |
| - | |
| Exchange
difference | |
| (2,261 | ) | |
| (3,174 | ) | |
| 218 | | |
| (5,217 | ) |
| December
31 | |
$ | 343,658 | | |
$ | 178,874 | | |
$ | 14,482 | | |
$ | 537,014 | |
| | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
| December
31 | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
| Cost | |
$ | 1,030,893 | | |
$ | 518,320 | | |
$ | 93,906 | | |
$ | 1,643,119 | |
| Accumulated
depreciation | |
| (687,235 | ) | |
| (339,446 | ) | |
| (79,424 | ) | |
| (1,106,105 | ) |
| | |
$ | 343,658 | | |
$ | 178,874 | | |
$ | 14,482 | | |
$ | 537,014 | |
| | |
2024 | |
| | |
Office equipment | | |
Leasehold improvements | | |
Others | | |
Total | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |
| January 1 | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |
| Cost | |
$ | 1,030,893 | | |
$ | 518,320 | | |
$ | 93,906 | | |
$ | 1,643,119 | |
| Accumulated depreciation | |
| (687,235 | ) | |
| (339,446 | ) | |
| (79,424 | ) | |
| (1,106,105 | ) |
| | |
$ | 343,658 | | |
$ | 178,874 | | |
$ | 14,482 | | |
$ | 537,014 | |
| | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
| January 1 | |
$ | 343,658 | | |
$ | 178,874 | | |
$ | 14,482 | | |
$ | 537,014 | |
| Additions | |
| 81,959 | | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| 81,959 | |
| Depreciation expenses | |
| (117,405 | ) | |
| (26,523 | ) | |
| (5,958 | ) | |
| (149,886 | ) |
| Disposal | |
| (14,028 | ) | |
| - | | |
| - | | |
| (14,028 | ) |
| Exchange difference | |
| (7,288 | ) | |
| (16,163 | ) | |
| (799 | ) | |
| (24,250 | ) |
| December 31 | |
$ | 286,896 | | |
$ | 136,188 | | |
$ | 7,725 | | |
$ | 430,809 | |
| | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
| December 31 | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
| Cost | |
$ | 1,013,437 | | |
$ | 469,116 | | |
$ | 87,949 | | |
$ | 1,570,502 | |
| Accumulated depreciation | |
| (726,541 | ) | |
| (332,928 | ) | |
| (80,224 | ) | |
| (1,139,693 | ) |
| | |
$ | 286,896 | | |
$ | 136,188 | | |
$ | 7,725 | | |
$ | 430,809 | |
| |
|
2025 |
|
| |
|
Office
equipment |
|
|
Leasehold improvements |
|
|
Others |
|
|
Total |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| January 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cost |
|
$ |
1,013,437 |
|
|
$ |
469,116 |
|
|
$ |
87,949 |
|
|
$ |
1,570,502 |
|
| Accumulated depreciation |
|
|
(726,541 |
) |
|
|
(332,928 |
) |
|
|
(80,224 |
) |
|
|
(1,139,693 |
) |
| |
|
$ |
286,896 |
|
|
$ |
136,188 |
|
|
$ |
7,725 |
|
|
$ |
430,809 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| January 1 |
|
$ |
286,896 |
|
|
$ |
136,188 |
|
|
$ |
7,725 |
|
|
$ |
430,809 |
|
| Additions |
|
|
73,680 |
|
|
|
56,188 |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
129,868 |
|
| Depreciation expenses |
|
|
(123,628 |
) |
|
|
(38,864 |
) |
|
|
(2,324 |
) |
|
|
(164,816 |
) |
| Disposal |
|
|
(1,897 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(1,897 |
) |
| Impairment |
|
|
(28,459 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(28,459 |
) |
| Exchange difference |
|
|
5,298 |
|
|
|
989 |
|
|
|
355 |
|
|
|
6,642 |
|
| December 31 |
|
$ |
211,890 |
|
|
$ |
154,501 |
|
|
$ |
5,756 |
|
|
$ |
372,147 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| December 31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cost |
|
$ |
1,070,649 |
|
|
$ |
523,904 |
|
|
$ |
91,755 |
|
|
$ |
1,686,308 |
|
| Accumulated depreciation |
|
|
(830,300 |
) |
|
|
(369,403 |
) |
|
|
(85,999 |
) |
|
|
(1,285,702 |
) |
| Accumulated impairment |
|
|
(28,459 |
) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
(28,459 |
) |
| |
|
$ |
211,890 |
|
|
$ |
154,501 |
|
|
$ |
5,756 |
|
|
$ |
372,147 |
|
No property, plant and equipment were pledged
to others.
|