<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:019d775e-dcf1-7ffc-b333-292d09275d12,g:ba79d6b1-18e6-4e3e-9ca6-6a47337a23be-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.busey.com/role/Cover" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="buse-20260428.xsd#Cover"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://www.busey.com/role/Cover" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019d775e-dcf1-7741-9bd0-4594627b6333" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentInformationTable_019d775e-dcf1-7be9-9f45-ececc2af6a4d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentInformationTable"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract_019d775e-dcf1-7741-9bd0-4594627b6333" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentInformationTable_019d775e-dcf1-7be9-9f45-ececc2af6a4d" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_019d775e-dcf1-77ef-9476-191bec7c9f91" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationTable_019d775e-dcf1-7be9-9f45-ececc2af6a4d" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_019d775e-dcf1-77ef-9476-191bec7c9f91" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_019d775e-dcf1-7643-ace1-6461a24b8cc0" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2026/elts/us-gaap-2026.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_019d775e-dcf1-77ef-9476-191bec7c9f91" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_019d775e-dcf1-7643-ace1-6461a24b8cc0" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_buse_CommonStock0.001ParValueMember_019d775e-dcf1-709b-9688-9e217d7154f5" xlink:href="buse-20260428.xsd#buse_CommonStock0.001ParValueMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_019d775e-dcf1-7643-ace1-6461a24b8cc0" xlink:to="loc_buse_CommonStock0.001ParValueMember_019d775e-dcf1-709b-9688-9e217d7154f5" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_buse_DepositarySharesEachRepresentingA140thInterestInAShareOf8.25FixedRateSeriesBNonCumulativePerpetualPreferredStock0.001ParValueMember_019d775e-dcf1-7be4-b743-ba61f2a1c6f1" xlink:href="buse-20260428.xsd#buse_DepositarySharesEachRepresentingA140thInterestInAShareOf8.25FixedRateSeriesBNonCumulativePerpetualPreferredStock0.001ParValueMember"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain_019d775e-dcf1-7643-ace1-6461a24b8cc0" xlink:to="loc_buse_DepositarySharesEachRepresentingA140thInterestInAShareOf8.25FixedRateSeriesBNonCumulativePerpetualPreferredStock0.001ParValueMember_019d775e-dcf1-7be4-b743-ba61f2a1c6f1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentInformationLineItems"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationTable_019d775e-dcf1-7be9-9f45-ececc2af6a4d" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType_019d775e-dcf1-7c43-b281-42ed8783d498" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentType_019d775e-dcf1-7c43-b281-42ed8783d498" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019d775e-dcf1-7be8-900e-3521b2e97245" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019d775e-dcf1-7be8-900e-3521b2e97245" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019d775e-dcf1-743f-bec3-335bfd22b762" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019d775e-dcf1-743f-bec3-335bfd22b762" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019d775e-dcf1-7d37-9e7c-2b7bdf894158" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019d775e-dcf1-7d37-9e7c-2b7bdf894158" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019d775e-dcf1-75cd-8464-3c43ab6b5425" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019d775e-dcf1-75cd-8464-3c43ab6b5425" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019d775e-dcf1-7e70-b275-9dac0602ad26" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019d775e-dcf1-7e70-b275-9dac0602ad26" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019d775e-dcf1-7f4c-b13e-bd7b8fa644f5" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019d775e-dcf1-7f4c-b13e-bd7b8fa644f5" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019d775e-dcf1-72b3-ae81-945998b485dc" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019d775e-dcf1-72b3-ae81-945998b485dc" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019d775e-dcf1-7ab7-bdf6-6129db163c33" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019d775e-dcf1-7ab7-bdf6-6129db163c33" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019d775e-dcf1-74e3-837e-96e8e7414b2a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019d775e-dcf1-74e3-837e-96e8e7414b2a" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019d775e-dcf1-7d21-9ff2-2c4c0dbde804" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019d775e-dcf1-7d21-9ff2-2c4c0dbde804" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019d775e-dcf1-789d-977d-6ec44814ac97" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="12" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019d775e-dcf1-789d-977d-6ec44814ac97" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019d775e-dcf1-7bf4-9f84-3b42e22b3592" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="13" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019d775e-dcf1-7bf4-9f84-3b42e22b3592" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019d775e-dcf1-72a2-8f7b-ac42289fb79e" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="14" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019d775e-dcf1-72a2-8f7b-ac42289fb79e" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019d775e-dcf1-7819-ae97-bcb02640cbe2" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="15" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019d775e-dcf1-7819-ae97-bcb02640cbe2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019d775e-dcf1-7c31-9a07-3114f6499a6f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="16" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019d775e-dcf1-7c31-9a07-3114f6499a6f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019d775e-dcf1-7612-98ee-139fa16496a6" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="17" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019d775e-dcf1-7612-98ee-139fa16496a6" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019d775e-dcf1-786f-837e-b0ed48dca10f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="18" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019d775e-dcf1-786f-837e-b0ed48dca10f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019d775e-dcf1-7be6-8ce0-4f3e37c7dff8" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="19" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019d775e-dcf1-7be6-8ce0-4f3e37c7dff8" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019d775e-dcf1-7c52-9d1c-afacb7817b44" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019d775e-dcf1-7c52-9d1c-afacb7817b44" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019d775e-dcf1-7479-85cc-2d2f4bb49f16" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="21" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019d775e-dcf1-7479-85cc-2d2f4bb49f16" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019d775e-dcf1-78a3-8147-28eca5c7218f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2026/dei-2026.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="22" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems_019d775e-dcf1-7aec-83de-03aa91515b20" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019d775e-dcf1-78a3-8147-28eca5c7218f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
