<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:019c9bf8-419f-79e4-b756-db8d0ec6262b,g:51909358-e92f-435d-be70-85ba5a5a2cf0-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.oceaneering.com/role/DocumentandEntityInformationDocument" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="oii-20260422.xsd#DocumentandEntityInformationDocument"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://www.oceaneering.com/role/DocumentandEntityInformationDocument" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:href="oii-20260422.xsd#oii_CoverPageAbstract"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType_019c9bf8-419f-7126-9ec9-f5d62589d1c8" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentType_019c9bf8-419f-7126-9ec9-f5d62589d1c8" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019c9bf8-419f-71f7-a14c-d25ec46fa4a6" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName_019c9bf8-419f-71f7-a14c-d25ec46fa4a6" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019c9bf8-419f-75dd-98c7-e8e71b78bb9a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_019c9bf8-419f-75dd-98c7-e8e71b78bb9a" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019c9bf8-419f-71e8-98db-d4fba39e56b1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber_019c9bf8-419f-71e8-98db-d4fba39e56b1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019c9bf8-419f-7abd-abe9-022f70b0d14b" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_019c9bf8-419f-7abd-abe9-022f70b0d14b" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019c9bf8-419f-75a5-883c-426c136285b3" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_019c9bf8-419f-75a5-883c-426c136285b3" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019c9bf8-419f-7632-9c7e-623da829346a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_019c9bf8-419f-7632-9c7e-623da829346a" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019c9bf8-419f-758d-a732-aece5932386f" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_019c9bf8-419f-758d-a732-aece5932386f" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019c9bf8-419f-7c70-97af-e41c58472697" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_019c9bf8-419f-7c70-97af-e41c58472697" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019c9bf8-419f-7b7b-b5f6-c5818d1fb8ab" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_CityAreaCode_019c9bf8-419f-7b7b-b5f6-c5818d1fb8ab" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019c9bf8-419f-7c9e-9009-c5fa596df303" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_019c9bf8-419f-7c9e-9009-c5fa596df303" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019c9bf8-419f-7023-9d71-3504a79e3b15" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="12" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications_019c9bf8-419f-7023-9d71-3504a79e3b15" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019c9bf8-419f-77f7-9583-e2f6b4904519" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="13" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial_019c9bf8-419f-77f7-9583-e2f6b4904519" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019c9bf8-419f-7e34-9cf4-22eaab683ffa" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="14" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_019c9bf8-419f-7e34-9cf4-22eaab683ffa" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019c9bf8-419f-7d60-a588-b6e61166569d" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="15" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_019c9bf8-419f-7d60-a588-b6e61166569d" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019c9bf8-419f-7854-bad5-d8e8cf342b94" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="16" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_Security12bTitle_019c9bf8-419f-7854-bad5-d8e8cf342b94" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019c9bf8-419f-772d-b777-18c9ffa0c36a" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="17" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_TradingSymbol_019c9bf8-419f-772d-b777-18c9ffa0c36a" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019c9bf8-419f-75a2-954a-5367e8f3a350" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="18" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName_019c9bf8-419f-75a2-954a-5367e8f3a350" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019c9bf8-419f-7da1-9835-34719053ad66" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="19" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_019c9bf8-419f-7da1-9835-34719053ad66" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019c9bf8-419f-73df-94bf-c8955371cef9" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag_019c9bf8-419f-73df-94bf-c8955371cef9" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019c9bf8-419f-7861-acce-9df16ace18ab" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="21" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_019c9bf8-419f-7861-acce-9df16ace18ab" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019c9bf8-419f-7be3-8de0-4476da0186f1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:presentationArc order="22" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_oii_CoverPageAbstract_019c9bf8-419f-7e2c-bed7-e4e3e90d141c" xlink:to="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_019c9bf8-419f-7be3-8de0-4476da0186f1" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel"/>
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
