Loans and other financial assets at amortized cost

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Disclosure of loans and other financial assets at amortized cost [Abstract]

Loans And Other Financial Assets at Amortized Cost

11. LOANS AND OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS AT AMORTIZED COST

(1) Details of loans and other financial assets at amortized cost as of December 31, 2024 and 2025 are as follows (Unit: Korean Won in millions):


	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2025
Due from banks		2,630,604		2,674,644
Loans		386,069,294		398,706,030
Other financial assets		9,771,918		11,115,109

Total		398,471,816		412,495,783

(2)	Details of due from banks are as follows (Unit: Korean Won in millions):


	December 31, 2024			December 31, 2025
Due from banks in local currency:
Due from depository banks		200,366			531,542
Due from non-depository institutions		152			20,624
Due from the Korea Exchange		239,222			196,557
Others		72,314			407,445
Loss allowance		(4	)		(408	)

Sub-total		512,050			1,155,760

Due from banks in foreign currencies:
Due from banks on demand		177,886			149,839
Due from banks on time		193,654			276,498
Others		1,753,337			1,096,819
Loss allowance		(6,323	)		(4,272	)

Sub-total		2,118,554			1,518,884

Total		2,630,604			2,674,644

(3)	Details of restricted due from banks are as follows (Unit: Korean Won in millions):


	Counterparty	December 31, 2024		Reason of restriction
Due from banks in local currency:
Others	Korea Federation of Savings Bank and others		77,835	Reserve deposits
Securities trading	Korea Securities Finance Corporation		238,445	Customer deposit refund reserve and futures trading margin and others

	Sub-total		316,280

Due from banks in foreign currencies:
Due from banks on demand	National Bank of Cambodia and others		169,064	Reserve deposits and others
Due from banks on time	National Bank of Cambodia		284	Usage deposits for fund settlement system and others
Others	BNP-PARIBAS, PAR and others		1,093,853	CSA collateral and others

	Sub-total		1,263,201

	Total		1,579,481


	Counterparty	December 31, 2025		Reason of restriction
Due from banks in local currency:
Others	Korea Federation of Savings Bank and others		248,704	Reserve deposits
Securities trading	Korea Exchange Co.,Ltd. and Korea Securities Finance Corporation and others		165,304	Customer deposit refund reserve and futures trading margin and others

	Sub-total		414,008

Due from banks in foreign currencies:
Due from banks on demand	National Bank of Cambodia and others		149,279	Reserve deposits and others
Due from banks on time	Toronto Dominion Bank, New York, and others		129,141	Federal Reserve Discount Window
Others	GOLDMAN SACHS INTL., LON and others		775,829	CSA collateral and others

	Sub-total		1,054,249

	Total		1,468,257

(4) Changes in the loss allowance and gross carrying amount of due from banks are as follows (Unit: Korean Won in millions):

1) Allowance for credit losses


	For the year ended December 31, 2023
	Stage 1			Stage 2		Stage 3		Total
Beginning balance		(12,317	)		—		—		(12,317	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		—			—		—		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		—			—		—		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		—			—		—		—
Net provision of allowance for credit losses		(5,254	)		—		—		(5,254	)
Others (*)		1,725			—		—		1,725

Ending balance		(15,846	)		—		—		(15,846	)

(*)	Changes due to foreign currencies translation, etc


	For the year ended December 31, 2024
	Stage 1			Stage 2		Stage 3		Total
Beginning balance		(15,846	)		—		—		(15,846	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		—			—		—		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		—			—		—		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		—			—		—		—
Net reversal of allowance for credit losses		9,874			—		—		9,874
Others (*)		(355	)		—		—		(355	)

Ending balance		(6,327	)		—		—		(6,327	)

(*)	Changes due to foreign currencies translation, etc


	For the year ended December 31, 2025
	Stage 1			Stage 2		Stage 3		Total
Beginning balance		(6,327	)		—		—		(6,327	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		—			—		—		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		—			—		—		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		—			—		—		—
Net reversal of allowance for credit losses		1,697			—		—		1,697
Others (*)		(50	)		—		—		(50	)

Ending balance		(4,680	)		—		—		(4,680	)

(*)	Changes due to foreign currencies translation, etc

2) Gross carrying amount


	For the year ended December 31, 2023
	Stage 1			Stage 2		Stage 3		Total
Beginning balance		3,006,989			—		—		3,006,989
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		—			—		—		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		—			—		—		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		—			—		—		—
Net decrease		(1,154,265	)		—		—		(1,154,265	)
Changes due to business combinations		113,000			—		—		113,000
Others (*)		695			—		—		695

Ending balance		1,966,419			—		—		1,966,419

(*)	Changes due to foreign currencies translation, etc .


	For the year ended December 31, 2024
	Stage 1		Stage 2		Stage 3		Total
Beginning balance		1,966,419		—		—		1,966,419
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		—		—		—		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		—		—		—		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		—		—		—		—
Net increase		390,154		—		—		390,154
Changes due to business combinations		165,476		—		—		165,476
Others (*)		114,882		—		—		114,882

Ending balance		2,636,931		—		—		2,636,931

(*)	Changes due to foreign currencies translation, etc .


	For the year ended December 31, 2025
	Stage 1			Stage 2		Stage 3		Total
Beginning balance		2,636,931			—		—		2,636,931
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		—			—		—		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		—			—		—		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		—			—		—		—
Net decrease		(758,983	)		—		—		(758,983	)
Changes due to business combinations		807,306			—		—		807,306
Others (*)		(5,930	)		—		—		(5,930	)

Ending balance		2,679,324			—		—		2,679,324

(*)	Changes due to foreign currencies translation, etc .

(5)	Details of loans are as follows (Unit: Korean Won in millions):


	December 31, 2024			December 31, 2025
Loans in local currency		315,597,374			322,659,399
Loans in foreign currencies		33,166,984			32,375,735
Domestic banker’s usance		2,803,761			2,647,891
Credit card accounts		12,488,523			13,960,884
Bills bought in foreign currencies		4,328,404			4,396,122
Bills bought in local currency		224,835			82,657
Factoring receivables		5,994			6,315
Advances for customers on guarantees		9,814			12,602
Private placement bonds		444,900			669,431
Securitized loans		3,300,876			3,325,383
Call loans		1,847,376			2,430,625
Bonds purchased under resale agreements		10,551,018			14,598,594
Financial lease receivables		1,106,912			991,331
Installment financial bond		2,620,534			2,429,860
Securities Lending Receivable		—			445,960
Others		—			2,257
Loan origination costs and fees		938,886			926,343
Discounted present value		(9,272	)		(9,107	)
Allowance for credit losses		(3,357,625	)		(3,246,252	)

Total		386,069,294			398,706,030

(6)	Changes in the loss allowance of loans are as follows (Unit: Korean Won in millions):


	For the year ended December 31, 2023
	Consumers									Corporates
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		(147,876	)		(128,089	)		(241,942	)		(453,621	)		(818,234	)		(241,465	)		(27	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		(25,553	)		22,750			2,803			(190,665	)		190,047			618			—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		10,881			(12,892	)		2,011			28,452			(36,229	)		7,777			—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		7,085			24,577			(31,662	)		17,959			33,272			(51,231	)		—
Net reversal(provision) of allowance for credit losses		(41,029	)		(41,105	)		(340,607	)		(361,735	)		(153,392	)		(515,711	)		(1,011	)
Recovery		—			—			(65,639	)		—			—			(44,043	)		—
Charge-off		—			—			301,995			—			—			298,665			—
Disposal		18			419			114,643			266			512			172,519			949
Interest income from impaired loans		—			—			15,553			—			—			19,341			—
Others		(371	)		338			22,000			11,656			21,380			(10,173	)		—

Ending balance		(196,845	)		(134,002	)		(220,845	)		(947,688	)		(762,644	)		(363,703	)		(89	)


	For the year ended December 31, 2023
	Credit card accounts									Total
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		(71,139	)		(127,814	)		(103,946	)		(672,636	)		(1,074,137	)		(587,353	)		(27	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		(30,312	)		30,198			114			(246,530	)		242,995			3,535			—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		6,894			(7,420	)		526			46,227			(56,541	)		10,314			—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		748			2,381			(3,129	)		25,792			60,230			(86,022	)		—
Net reversal(provision) of allowance for credit losses		(3,864	)		(15,457	)		(338,618	)		(406,628	)		(209,954	)		(1,194,936	)		(1,011	)
Recovery		—			—			(33,710	)		—			—			(143,392	)		—
Charge-off		—			—			306,005			—			—			906,665			—
Disposal		—			—			39,360			284			931			326,522			949
Interest income from impaired loans		—			—			—			—			—			34,894			—
Others		(61	)		—			—			11,224			21,718			11,827			—

Ending balance		(97,734	)		(118,112	)		(133,398	)		(1,242,267	)		(1,014,758	)		(717,946	)		(89	)


	For the year ended December 31, 2024
	Consumers									Corporates
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		(196,845	)		(134,002	)		(220,845	)		(947,688	)		(762,644	)		(363,703	)		(89	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		(27,467	)		25,983			1,484			(76,352	)		75,186			1,166			—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		14,659			(17,333	)		2,674			60,633			(63,280	)		2,647			—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		7,714			18,054			(25,768	)		128,228			162,162			(290,390	)		—
Net provision of allowance for credit losses		(28,741	)		(43,686	)		(378,285	)		(107,916	)		(121,901	)		(582,211	)		(7,663	)
Recovery		—			—			(61,554	)		—			—			(36,318	)		—
Charge-off		—			—			262,651			—			—			329,506			622
Disposal		1,442			2,032			75,603			23			6,675			297,533			837
Interest income from impaired loans		—			—			14,629			—			—			30,185			—
Others		908			637			49,286			(28,427	)		4,156			(14,336	)		(1,002	)

Ending balance		(228,330	)		(148,315	)		(280,125	)		(971,499	)		(699,646	)		(625,921	)		(7,295	)


	For the year ended December 31, 2024
	Credit card accounts									Total
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		(97,734	)		(118,112	)		(133,398	)		(1,242,267	)		(1,014,758	)		(717,946	)		(89	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		(30,968	)		30,740			228			(134,787	)		131,909			2,878			—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		8,951			(9,609	)		658			84,243			(90,222	)		5,979			—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		1,196			2,400			(3,596	)		137,138			182,616			(319,754	)		—
Net provision of allowance for credit losses		(4,742	)		(20,449	)		(379,984	)		(141,399	)		(186,036	)		(1,340,480	)		(7,663	)
Recovery		—			—			(24,021	)		—			—			(121,893	)		—
Charge-off		—			—			290,321			—			—			882,478			622
Disposal		—			—			91,625			1,465			8,707			464,761			837
Interest income from impaired loans		—			—			—			—			—			44,814			—
Others		—			—			—			(27,519	)		4,793			34,950			(1,002	)

Ending balance		(123,297	)		(115,030	)		(158,167	)		(1,323,126	)		(962,991	)		(1,064,213	)		(7,295	)


	For the year ended December 31, 2025
	Consumers									Corporates
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		(228,330	)		(148,315	)		(280,125	)		(971,499	)		(699,646	)		(625,921	)		(7,295	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		(34,745	)		33,583			1,162			(88,031	)		80,756			7,275			—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		17,032			(19,243	)		2,211			36,659			(49,487	)		12,828			—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		11,444			15,959			(27,403	)		106,321			132,761			(239,082	)		—
Net reversal (provision) of allowance for credit losses		22,945			(43,140	)		(374,328	)		(36,919	)		52,189			(1,096,710	)		(3,809	)
Recovery		—			—			(45,352	)		—			—			(47,208	)		—
Charge-off		—			—			277,324			—			—			899,536			—
Disposal		23			1,638			92,299			24			3,736			300,492			7,002
Interest income from impaired loans		—			—			17,062			—			—			32,817			—
Changes due to business combinations		(2,536	)		(184	)		(13,979	)		(22,505	)		(26,471	)		(32,605	)		—
Others		9,578			2,239			34,898			19,332			25,461			98,717			(5,207	)

Ending balance		(204,589	)		(157,463	)		(316,231	)		(956,618	)		(480,701	)		(689,861	)		(9,309	)


	For the year ended December 31, 2025
	Credit card accounts									Total
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		(123,297	)		(115,030	)		(158,167	)		(1,323,126	)		(962,991	)		(1,064,213	)		(7,295	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		(33,208	)		32,833			375			(155,984	)		147,172			8,812			—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		9,750			(10,683	)		933			63,441			(79,413	)		15,972			—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		2,156			3,191			(5,347	)		119,921			151,911			(271,832	)		—
Net reversal (provision) of allowance for credit losses		14,042			(14,140	)		(467,418	)		68			(5,091	)		(1,938,456	)		(3,809	)
Recovery		—			—			(27,170	)		—			—			(119,730	)		—
Charge-off		—			—			386,448			—			—			1,563,308			—
Disposal		—			—			73,252			47			5,374			466,043			7,002
Interest income from impaired loans		—			—			—			—			—			49,879			—
Changes due to business combinations		—			—			—			(25,041	)		(26,655	)		(46,584	)		—
Others		—			—			—			28,910			27,700			133,615			(5,207	)

Ending balance		(130,557	)		(103,829	)		(197,094	)		(1,291,764	)		(741,993	)		(1,203,186	)		(9,309	)

(7) Changes in the gross carrying amount of loans are as follows (Unit: Korean Won in millions):


	For the year ended December 31, 2023
	Consumers									Corporates
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		131,328,377			14,020,582			564,057			179,552,435			9,486,297			625,998			313,717
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		4,038,074			(4,024,039	)		(14,035	)		2,214,045			(2,209,035	)		(5,010	)		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		(6,406,254	)		6,422,979			(16,725	)		(4,944,087	)		4,971,596			(27,509	)		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		(263,965	)		(173,536	)		437,501			(582,131	)		(242,382	)		824,513			—
Charge-off		—			—			(301,995	)		—			—			(298,665	)		—
Disposal		(63	)		(491	)		(218,965	)		(18,149	)		(719	)		(404,876	)		(152,024	)
Net increase(decrease)		4,115,668			(1,531,099	)		192,248			12,389,915			(1,384,370	)		142,393			606,794
Changes due to business combinations		1,144			—			—			—			—			—			—

Ending balance		132,812,981			14,714,396			642,086			188,612,028			10,621,387			856,844			768,487


	For the year ended December 31, 2023
	Credit card accounts									Total
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		9,115,460			1,066,380			179,410			319,996,272			24,573,259			1,369,465			313,717
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		343,929			(343,765	)		(164	)		6,596,048			(6,576,839	)		(19,209	)		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		(411,467	)		412,222			(755	)		(11,761,808	)		11,806,797			(44,989	)		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		(40,236	)		(20,039	)		60,275			(886,332	)		(435,957	)		1,322,289			—
Charge-off		—			—			(306,005	)		—			—			(906,665	)		—
Disposal		—			—			(73,107	)		(18,212	)		(1,210	)		(696,948	)		(152,024	)
Net increase(decrease)		2,279,382			(131,187	)		393,697			18,784,965			(3,046,656	)		728,338			606,794
Changes due to business combinations		—			—			—			1,144			—			—			—

Ending balance		11,287,068			983,611			253,351			332,712,077			26,319,394			1,752,281			768,487


	For the year ended December 31, 2024
	Consumers									Corporates
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		132,812,981			14,714,396			642,086			188,612,028			10,621,387			856,844			768,487
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		4,575,673			(4,560,653	)		(15,020	)		2,276,379			(2,273,396	)		(2,983	)		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		(6,411,510	)		6,439,154			(27,644	)		(5,689,553	)		5,698,302			(8,749	)		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		(301,556	)		(236,753	)		538,309			(904,171	)		(752,177	)		1,656,348			—
Charge-off		—			—			(262,651	)		—			—			(329,506	)		(622	)
Disposal		(43,168	)		(45,410	)		(329,255	)		(134	)		(72,244	)		(951,160	)		(351,530	)
Net increase(decrease)		10,371,126			(1,246,832	)		236,043			21,730,474			(1,796,231	)		271,022			730,812

Ending balance		141,003,546			15,063,902			781,868			206,025,023			11,425,641			1,491,816			1,147,147


	For the year ended December 31, 2024
	Credit card accounts									Total
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		11,287,068			983,611			253,351			332,712,077			26,319,394			1,752,281			768,487
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		336,985			(336,651	)		(334	)		7,189,037			(7,170,700	)		(18,337	)		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		(539,512	)		540,471			(959	)		(12,640,575	)		12,677,927			(37,352	)		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		(57,937	)		(21,408	)		79,345			(1,263,664	)		(1,010,338	)		2,274,002			—
Charge-off		—			—			(290,321	)		—			—			(882,478	)		(622	)
Disposal		—			—			(147,812	)		(43,302	)		(117,654	)		(1,428,227	)		(351,530	)
Net increase(decrease)		145,281			(129,905	)		386,703			32,246,881			(3,172,968	)		893,768			730,812

Ending balance		11,171,885			1,036,118			279,973			358,200,454			27,525,661			2,553,657			1,147,147


	For the year ended December 31, 2025
	Consumers									Corporates
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		141,003,546			15,063,902			781,868			206,025,023			11,425,641			1,491,816			1,147,147
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		4,548,877			(4,532,512	)		(16,365	)		2,780,117			(2,768,089	)		(12,028	)		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		(6,379,394	)		6,407,932			(28,538	)		(4,527,298	)		4,552,830			(25,532	)		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		(304,313	)		(255,404	)		559,717			(1,038,594	)		(669,202	)		1,707,796			—
Charge-off		—			—			(277,324	)		—			—			(899,536	)		—
Disposal		(149	)		(3,986	)		(285,675	)		(199	)		(11,067	)		(974,939	)		(7,002	)
Net increase(decrease)		7,451,142			(1,505,776	)		184,053			2,706,477			(2,632,204	)		329,175			(2,495	)
Changes due to business combinations		700,146			130,549			14,436			5,761,606			265,660			100,959			—

Ending balance		147,019,855			15,304,705			932,172			211,707,132			10,163,569			1,717,711			1,137,650


	For the year ended December 31, 2025
	Credit card accounts									Total
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Credit impairment model
Beginning balance		11,171,885			1,036,118			279,973			358,200,454			27,525,661			2,553,657			1,147,147
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		428,406			(427,845	)		(561	)		7,757,400			(7,728,446	)		(28,954	)		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		(550,026	)		551,422			(1,396	)		(11,456,718	)		11,512,184			(55,466	)		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		(89,144	)		(25,223	)		114,367			(1,432,051	)		(949,829	)		2,381,880			—
Charge-off		—			—			(386,448	)		—			—			(1,563,308	)		—
Disposal		—			—			(126,253	)		(348	)		(15,053	)		(1,386,867	)		(7,002	)
Net increase(decrease)		1,559,511			(834	)		435,535			11,717,130			(4,138,814	)		948,763			(2,495	)
Changes due to business combinations		—			—			—			6,461,752			396,209			115,395			—

Ending balance		12,520,632			1,133,638			315,217			371,247,619			26,601,912			2,965,100			1,137,650

(8) Details of other financial assets are as follows (Unit: Korean Won in millions):


	December 31, 2024			December 31, 2025
Cash Management Account asset(CMA asset)		120,000			115,000
Receivables		6,411,884			7,543,495
Accrued income		1,779,310			2,277,963
Telex and telephone subscription rights and refundable deposits		778,986			805,980
Domestic exchange settlement debit		441,992			273,249
Other assets		452,760			437,085
Allowance for credit losses		(213,014	)		(337,663	)

Total		9,771,918			11,115,109

(9) Changes in the allowances for credit losses on other financial assets are as follows (Unit: Korean Won in millions):


	For the year ended December 31, 2023
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Total
Beginning balance		(4,178	)		(9,133	)		(125,869	)		(139,180	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		(388	)		285			103			—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		223			(246	)		23			—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		50			266			(316	)		—
Net reversal (provision) of loss allowance		(3,141	)		(8,235	)		(10,829	)		(22,205	)
Charge-off		—			—			4,341			4,341
Disposal		—			—			2,597			2,597
Others		(1,585	)		1			(249	)		(1,833	)

Ending balance		(9,019)			(17,062)			(130,199)			(156,280)


	For the year ended December 31, 2024
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Total
Beginning balance		(9,019	)		(17,062	)		(130,199	)		(156,280	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		(557	)		493			64			—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		372			(429	)		57			—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		1,202			5,355			(6,557	)		—
Net reversal (provision) of loss allowance		(7,662	)		(10,372	)		(31,336	)		(49,370	)
Charge-off		1,224			—			5,275			6,499
Disposal		—			4			2,538			2,542
Others		(6,494	)		(9	)		(9,902	)		(16,405)

Ending balance		(20,934)			(22,020)			(170,060	)		(213,014	)


	For the year ended December 31, 2025
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Total
Beginning balance		(20,934	)		(22,020	)		(170,060	)		(213,014	)
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		(918	)		745			173			—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		232			(272	)		40			—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		328			1,877			(2,205	)		—
Net reversal (provision) of loss allowance		(6,941	)		6,090			(140,939	)		(141,790)
Charge-off		—			—			32,557			32,557
Disposal		—			—			1,343			1,343
Changes due to business combinations		1,220			(63	)		215			1,372

Others		(242	)		(13	)		(17,876	)		(18,131	)

Ending balance		(27,255)			(13,656	)		(296,752	)		(337,663	)

(10) Changes in the gross carrying amount of other financial assets are as follows (Unit: Korean Won in millions):


	For the year ended December 31, 2023
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Total
Beginning balance		8,886,721			21,454			78,502			8,986,677
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		14,252			(14,143	)		(109	)		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		(30,528	)		30,559			(31	)		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		(7,299	)		(1,498	)		8,797			—
Charge-off		—			—			(4,341	)		(4,341	)
Disposal		—			—			(3,318	)		(3,318	)
Net increase (decrease)		3,634,239			75,526			74,653			3,784,418
Changes due to business combinations		13,240			—			—			13,240

Ending balance		12,510,625			111,898			154,153			12,776,676


	For the year ended December 31, 2024
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Total
Beginning balance		12,510,625			111,898			154,153			12,776,676
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		22,084			(19,273	)		(2,811	)		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		(38,819	)		38,881			(62	)		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		(12,265	)		(15,695	)		27,960			—
Charge-off		(1,224	)		—			(5,275	)		(6,499	)
Disposal		—			(7	)		(3,034	)		(3,041	)
Net increase (decrease)		(3,048,051	)		(16,550	)		279,298			(2,785,303	)
Changes due to business combinations		3,099			—			—			3,099

Ending balance		9,435,449			99,254			450,229			9,984,932


	For the year ended December 31, 2025
	Stage 1			Stage 2			Stage 3			Total
Beginning balance		9,435,449			99,254			450,229			9,984,932
Transfer to 12-month expected credit losses		17,359			(17,181	)		(178	)		—
Transfer to lifetime expected credit losses		(24,982	)		25,043			(61	)		—
Transfer to credit-impaired financial assets		(8,048	)		(10,864	)		18,912			—
Charge-off		—			—			(32,557	)		(32,557	)
Disposal		—			—			(1,493	)		(1,493	)
Net increase (decrease)		850,003			(18,324	)		142,106			973,785
Changes due to business combinations		505,221			420			22,464			528,105

Ending balance		10,775,002			78,348			599,422			11,452,772