NOTE 9 — STOCKHOLDER’S EQUITY

Business Combination

On June 21, 2024, the Business Combination, among other transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement, was completed. The transaction was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP. Under this method of accounting, Redwoods was treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the financial statements of the Combined Company represent a continuation of the financial statements of the Company with the Transactions treated as the equivalent of the Company issuing shares for the net assets of Redwoods, accompanied by recapitalization. Under this method of accounting, Redwoods was treated as the acquired company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Merger was treated as the equivalent of the Company issuing shares for the net assets of Redwoods, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Redwoods were stated at historical cost with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. See “NOTE 1 — Organization and Business Description” for detail.

Equity Incentive Plan

In connection with the Business Combination, the Company’s Board adopted, and the Company’s stockholders approved, the Equity Incentive Plan (“Equity Incentive Plan”). Although the Company does not have a formal policy with respect to the grant of equity incentive awards to the Company’s executive officers, the Company believes that equity awards provide the Company’s executive officers with a strong link to the Company’s long-term performance, create an ownership culture and help to align the interests of the Company’s executives and the Company’s stockholders. In addition, Company believes that equity awards with a time-based vesting feature promote executive retention because this feature provides incentives to Company’s executive officers to remain in employment with the Company during the applicable vesting period. Accordingly, the Company’s board of directors periodically reviews the equity incentive compensation of the Company’s executive officers and from time to time may grant equity incentive awards to them.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company granted 180,000 stock options under the Equity Incentive Plan at a weighted average fair value of $0.38, resulting in recognized stock-based compensation expense of $68,760. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company granted 1,000,000 stock options under the Equity Incentive Plan at a weighted average fair value of $0.37, resulting in stock-based compensation expense of $370,000.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company granted 408,691 shares at a share price of $1.34 under the Equity Incentive Plan, to a member of management, resulting in stock-based compensation expense of $547,646. Unamortized stock-based compensation related to these grants was $0 as of December 31, 2025.

Non-Equity Incentive Plan Shares Issuances

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company granted 1,000,000 shares at a share price of $0.52, unrelated to the Equity Incentive Plan, related to a consulting agreement, resulting in professional fees of $516,000. Unamortized expenses related to these grants was $0 as of December 31, 2025.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company granted 3,285,452 shares and options, unrelated to the Equity Incentive Plan, at a weighted average fair value of $0.92, resulting in amortized stock-based compensation expense of $2,279,573. Stock-based compensation related to these awards totaled $713,375 during the year ended December 31, 2025. Unamortized stock-based compensation related to these grants was $69,375 as of December 31, 2025.

In total, including awards granted under the Equity Incentive Plan and unrelated share grants during the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company granted 4,285,452 shares and options at a weighted average fair value of $0.79 per share, with various vesting schedules, resulting in amortized stock-based compensation expense of $2,649,573.

On November 6, 2024, the Board of Directors modified the Business Combination Agreement and released 2,976,948 contingent shares to the pre-closing stockholders of ANEW Medical on a pro-rata basis in proportion to their ownership of ANEW Medical immediately prior to the Closing. The modification was approved by the sole non-interested director to reflect the additional dilution experienced by the pre-closing stockholders of ANEW Medical due to the failure of Redwoods to raise sufficient financing for the closing. The shares were valued at $0.331 per share for a total increase in shareholder’s equity of $985,370.

M&A Agreement (Chardan)

On October 19, 2022, the Company signed an M&A/Capital Markets Advisory Agreement with Chardan Capital Markets to advise and assist the Company in negotiating the terms and conditions with respect to a potential sale, purchase, merger, joint venture, business combination, material change of control, or similar transaction involving the Company and a strategic acquirer and/or private or publicly listed entity or business, including a Special Purpose Acquisition Company (SPAC), and with respect to any offerings of any equity, equity-linked or debt securities of the Company or any other party to a financing transaction and perform such other financial advisory services to the Company. At the close of the merger on June 21, 2024, the Company paid $3.0 million and 1.5 million in common shares for M&A advisory fees and deferred underwriting fees. On August 20, 2024, the Company signed a Capital Markets Advisory Agreement with Chardan Capital Markets to assist with additional fundraising.

Warrants

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company initiated a warrant exercise inducement program, reducing the exercise price from $3.49 to $1.35 for certain outstanding warrants. The Company accounted for the inducement as a modification of the original warrants in accordance with ASC 505-10 - Equity. The incremental fair value was recorded as a deemed dividend of $0.3 million in accumulated deficit on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. During the year ended December 31, 2025, holders of common stock warrants exercised a total of 11.0 million warrants for gross proceeds of $11.4 million.

Austria Note Conversion

During the year ended December 31, 2025, $650,000 of principal related to the Austria Capital LLC Convertible Promissory Note was converted into 2,600,000 shares of common stock at a conversion price of $0.25. The remainder of the note in the amount of $550,000 was settled in cash. Therefore, the Company de-recognized the remaining unamortized original issue discount of $85,554 and deferred financing costs of $438,471, which were recognized in interest expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company issued 2,000,000 additional shares in connection with settlement of the note, resulting in interest expense of $1,178,000.

3i Note Conversion

During the year ended December 31, 2025, $823,444 of principal and $57,641 of interest and make whole related to 3i convertible notes was converted into 5,413,474 shares of common stock at conversion prices ranging from $0.12 to $0.25.

Investor Share Purchase

On June 5, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with an accredited investor pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company issued 6,250,000 shares of its common stock at a purchase price of $0.08 per share, for total gross proceeds of $500,000. The proceeds were allocated to common stock based upon their par value of the common stock and the remainder in recorded to additional paid in capital on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Preferred B Shares

On June 9, 2025, the Company conducted a private offering and issued 500 preferred B shares at $0.0001 par value per share for a total of $500,000. The 500 preferred shares are convertible into 6,250,000 common shares. During the year ended December 31, 2025, all 500 preferred B shares were converted into 6,250,000 common shares.

Meteora Agreement

On June 13, 2024, RWOD and the Company entered into a forward purchase agreement with (i) Meteora Capital Partners, LP (“MCP”), (ii) Meteora Select Trading Opportunities Master, LP (“MSTO”), and (iii) Meteora Strategic Capital, LLC (“MSC” and, collectively with MCP and MSTO, the “Seller”) (the “Forward Purchase Agreement”). Redwoods is the holder of the asset and Sponsor and is also a counterparty to the Company. Upon Closing of the merger on June 21, 2024 and on September 30, 2024, the value of the contract was $0 as the contract created no receivable or obligation for the Company. On September 19, 2024, the Company modified the settlement amount price of the contract to $2.00 and allowed the shares held with Meteora to be sold at Meteora’s sole discretion, with the reset price subject to weekly changes. During the quarter ending March 31, 2025, Meteora sold and terminated on behalf of the Company 100,000 shares at a reset price of $0.4610, for total proceeds to the Company in the amount of $46,100. On May 15, 2025, Meteora terminated an additional 550,214 shares at a reset price of $0.1717 for total proceeds of $94,472, thereby reducing the number of shares per the agreement to 10,000 shares remaining.

During the three months ended September 30, 2025, the Company entered into a second amendment (the “Second Amendment”) to the Forward Purchase Agreement with MCP which primarily (i) increased the maximum number of shares to 6,755,000 and (ii) modified the reset price to $10.00 subject to a reset on a weekly basis. In connection with the modification, which relates to the reverse merger, the Company issued 6,745,000 common shares under the arrangement to MCP. The Company recognized the common shares at par value in the amount of $675 on the consolidated balance sheets with a corresponding recording of additional paid-in capital.

At-the-Market Sales Agreement

On July 3, 2025, the Company entered into a sales agreement with A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners (“A.G.P.”) relating to the sale of newly issued shares of the Company’s common stock. In accordance with the terms of the sales agreement, the Company may offer and sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering amount of up to $50,000,000 from time to time through A.G.P., acting as the Company’s sales agent or principal. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the offering for working capital and for general corporate purposes.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company sold 2,206,930 shares at a weighted average price of $0.50 per share for gross proceeds of $1,112,745.