Audit and assurance services fees

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Audit and assurance services fees [Abstract]

Note 7—Audit and assurance services fees

For 2025, 2024 and 2023 the Group recorded charges, billed and accrued, from its independent auditors, and affiliated companies thereof, as set out below:


€ million	2025		2024		2023
Audit services 1		8.2		11.3		2.4
All other assurance services 2		0.2		0.3		0.1

Total audit and assurance services fees		8.4		11.6		2.5

2024 audit services included

one-time

fees in connection with the Company’s registration process as a Foreign Private Issuer with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including

re-audit

fees for 2023 and 2024 in accordance with Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (‘PCAOB’) audit requirements.

2	Fees incurred in connection with all other assurance services rendered to the Group represented primarily CSRD-related assurance services as well as comfort letters issued in connection with the Company’s treasury funding operations.