v3.26.1
Operating expenses (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Analysis of income and expense [abstract]  
Disclosure of Research and Development Expense
For the year ended December 31,
(in thousands of euros)202520242023
Purchases, sub-contracting and other expenses(9,755)(27,048)(26,380)
Payroll costs (including share-based payments)(12,206)(12,345)(10,721)
Depreciation, amortization and provision expenses(1)
(1,154)(1,148)(1,295)
Total research and development expenses(23,115)(40,541)(38,396)
(1)see Note 17.4. Depreciation, amortization and provision expenses
Disclosure of Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
For the year ended December 31,
(in thousands of euros)202520242023
Purchases, fees and other expenses (7,996)(8,073)(9,889)
Payroll costs (including share-based payments) (12,226)(11,986)(11,772)
Depreciation, amortization and provision expenses (1)
(138)(467)(387)
Total SG&A expenses(20,360)(20,527)(22,049)
(1)see Note 17.4. Depreciation, amortization and provision expenses
Disclosure of Payroll Costs
For the year ended December 31,
(in thousands of euros)202520242023
Wages and salaries(14,234)(13,726)(13,621)
Payroll taxes(6,579)(6,242)(5,585)
Share-based payments(3,539)(4,298)(3,222)
Retirement benefit obligations(80)(65)(65)
Total payroll costs(24,432)(24,331)(22,493)
Full-Time Equivalent (FTE)
100 106 100 
End-of-period employees (Headcount)
97 108 102 
Disclosure of Depreciation, Amortization and Provision Expenses
Depreciation, amortization and provision expenses by function are detailed as follows:
For the year ended December 31, 2025
(in thousands of euros)R&DSG&ATotal
Amortization expense of intangible assets(4)(1)(5)
Amortization expense of tangible assets(1,263)(344)(1,607)
Reversal of provision for disputes and charges130 240 370 
Provision for disputes and charges(17)(33)(50)
Total depreciation, amortization and provision expenses (except IAS 19)(1,154)(138)(1,292)
Total Provision for retirement benefit obligations (IAS 19) (1)(53)(26)(80)
Total depreciation, amortization and provision expenses(1,207)(164)(1,372)
(1) This line excludes financial IAS19 impact - Details of the provision for retirement benefit obligations are provided in note 11
 
For the year ended December 31, 2024
(in thousands of euros)R&DSG&ATotal
Amortization expense of intangible assets(3)(1)(4)
Amortization expense of tangible assets(1,300)(318)(1,618)
Reversal of provision for disputes and charges160 52 212 
Provision for charges(6)(200)(206)
Total depreciation, amortization and provision expenses (except IAS 19)(1,148)(467)(1,616)
Provision for retirement benefit obligations (IAS 19)(45)(20)(65)
Total Provision for retirement benefit obligations (IAS 19)(45)(20)(65)
Total depreciation, amortization and provision expenses(1,193)(487)(1,681)

For the year ended December 31, 2023
(in thousands of euros)R&DSG&ATotal
Amortization expense of intangible assets(1)— (1)
Amortization expense of tangible assets(1,247)(270)(1,517)
Utilization of provision for disputes— — — 
Provision for charges(47)(116)(163)
Reversal of provision for disputes— — — 
Total depreciation, amortization and provision expenses (except IAS 19)(1,295)(387)(1,682)
Provision for retirement benefit obligations (IAS 19)(42)(24)(65)
Total Provision for retirement benefit obligations (IAS 19)(42)(24)(65)
Total depreciation, amortization and provision expenses(1,337)(411)(1,747)
Disclosure of Other Operating Income (Expense)
For the year ended December 31,
(in thousands of euros)
2025
2024
2023
Other operating expenses(21)(136)(2,542)
Other operating income85 — 
Total Other operating income and expenses
64 (134)(2,542)