v3.26.1
Stock-based compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Stock-based compensation  
Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Share Based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions

  ​ ​ ​

December 31,

  ​ ​ ​

December 31,

  ​ ​ ​

December 31,

 

Assumption

2025

2024

2023

 

Dividend yield

 

None

 

None

 

None

Risk-free interest rate used (average)

 

1.00

%  

1.00

%  

1.00

%

Expected market price volatility

 

175.40 - 183.25

%  

65.31 - 140.47

%  

73.19

%

Average remaining expected life of stock options on F shares (years)

 

 

 

6.19

Average remaining expected life of stock options on ordinary shares (years)

 

5.33

 

6.53

 

n/a

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Share Based Compensation Stock Options Activity

The following tables illustrates the development of the Group’s non-vested options for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Options on ordinary shares

  ​ ​ ​

Number of shares

  ​ ​ ​

Weighted-average grant

Non-vested options

under options

date fair value (USD)

Non-vested options as at December 31, 2023

 

 

Granted

 

245,165

 

0.61

Vested

 

245,165

 

0.61

Non-vested forfeited or cancelled

 

 

Non-vested options as at December 31, 2024

 

 

Granted

 

3,042,652

 

2.94

Vested

 

3,041,452

 

2.93

Non-vested forfeited or cancelled

 

 

Non-vested options as at December 31, 2025

 

1,200

 

4.29

Options on F shares

  ​ ​ ​

Number of shares

  ​ ​ ​

Weighted-average grant

Non-vested options

under options

date fair value (USD)

Non-vested options as at December 31, 2023

 

 

Granted

 

23

 

2.35

Vested

 

23

 

2.35

Non-vested forfeited or cancelled

 

 

Non-vested options as at December 31, 2024

 

 

Granted

 

 

Vested

 

 

Non-vested forfeited or cancelled

 

 

Non-vested options as at December 31, 2025

 

 

The following tables summarize the Group’s stock option activity for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

Weighted average

  ​ ​ ​

Weighted-average

remaining

Aggregate

Ordinary shares

exercise price

contractual term

intrinsic value

Options on ordinary shares

under options

(USD)

(in years)

(USD)

Outstanding as at December 31, 2023

 

 

 

 

Of which vested

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

245,165

 

0.01

 

 

Outstanding as at December 31, 2024

 

245,165

 

0.01

 

6.65

 

1,505,313

Of which vested

 

245,165

 

0.01

 

6.65

 

1,505,313

Granted

 

3,042,652

 

0.01

 

 

Exercised or converted

 

(2,647,019)

 

0.01

 

 

9,471,366

Forfeited or cancelled

 

(65,774)

 

0.01

 

 

  ​

Outstanding as at December 31, 2025

 

575,024

 

0.04

 

6.14

 

2,152,900

Of which vested

 

573,824

 

0.04

 

6.14

 

2,148,376

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

  ​ ​ ​

Weighted average

  ​ ​ ​

Weighted-average

remaining

Aggregate

F shares under

exercise price

contractual term

intrinsic value

Options on F shares

options

(USD)

(in years)

(USD)

Outstanding as at December 31, 2023

 

77

 

0.05

 

6.19

 

19

Of which vested

 

77

 

0.05

 

6.19

 

19

Granted

 

23

 

0.05

 

 

Exercised or converted

 

(100)

 

0.05

 

 

118

Outstanding as at December 31, 2024

 

 

 

 

Of which vested

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

 

 

 

Exercised or converted

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as at December 31, 2025

 

 

 

 

Of which vested

 

 

 

 

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expenses

12 months ended December 31,

USD’000

  ​ ​ ​

2025

  ​ ​ ​

2024

  ​ ​ ​

2023

In relation to the Ordinary Share Option Plan

 

11,261

 

148

 

In relation to the F Share Option Plan

 

 

 

Total

 

11,261

 

148

 

Stock-based compensation expenses are recorded under the following expense categories in the income statement.

Stock-based compensation expenses

12 months ended December 31,

USD’000

  ​ ​ ​

2025

  ​ ​ ​

2024

  ​ ​ ​

2023

Research & development expenses

 

2,376

 

 

Selling & marketing expenses

 

3,694

 

 

General & administrative expenses

 

5,191

 

148

 

Total

 

11,261

 

148

 

The following table reconciles the total stock-based compensation expense to the amounts recognized in stockholders’ equity:

Stock-based compensation expenses

12 months ended December 31,

USD’000

  ​ ​ ​

2025

  ​ ​ ​

2024

  ​ ​ ​

2023

Total stock-based compensation for the period

 

11,261

 

148

 

Less: stock-based compensation classified as liability

 

(1,538)

 

 

Stock-based compensation recognized in APIC

9,723

148