v3.26.1
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2025
SGD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
SGD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
SGD ($)
Operating activities        
Loss before income tax $ (3,107,812) $ (3,996,336) $ (2,521,861) $ (4,132,517)
Adjustments for:        
Amortization of intangible assets 23,751 30,542 13,199 6,396
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 288,547 371,042 322,164 374,752
Fair value losses on convertible loans 98,754
Share of results of associate 4,970 6,391 (13,765) 31,198
Gain on disposal of associate (228,817) (294,236)
Share-based payment 539,855 694,200
Fair value on warrant liabilities at inception date 112,214
Fair value changes on warrant liabilities 10,202 13,119 (138,292) 111,631
Written off of intangible asset 4,161 5,350
Interest expense 16,258 20,906 20,313 51,282
Interest income (96,351) (123,898) (317,670) (285,719)
Written off of property, plant and equipment 2,456 3,158
Unrealized currency translation (gains)/losses 44,952 57,805 (16,033) (2,534)
Operating cash flows before movements in working capital (2,497,828) (3,211,957) (2,651,945) (3,634,543)
Trade and other receivables (433,461) (557,387) (79,091) (5,259)
Contract liabilities 56,032 72,051 102,286 1,952
Trade and other payables (132) (170) (83,601) 108,225
Cash used in operations (2,875,389) (3,697,463) (2,712,351) (3,529,625)
Income tax paid (2,194)
Interest received 2,422 623
Net cash used in operating activities (2,875,389) (3,697,463) (2,709,929) (3,531,196)
Investing activities        
Proceeds from dilution of interest in a subsidiary 544,365 700,000 157,850
Loan to a third party - net 21,581 27,751 (500,000)
Loan to a related party - net (23,381) (30,066)
Fixed deposits with maturities over 3 months 212,552 273,320 2,497,560 (2,770,880)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment (496,034) (637,850) (1,400,225) (58,295)
Purchase of intangible assets (50,769) (65,284) (94,211)
Proceed from disposal of associate 402,395 517,440
Fair value through other comprehensive income investment (14,161) (18,210)
Interest received 126,123 162,182 465,567 98,366
Net cash (used in)/generated from investing activities 722,671 929,283 1,126,541 (2,730,809)
Financing activities        
Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares 220,152 283,094 11,307,024
Principal payment of third party loan (300,000)
Principal payment of bank borrowings (29,935) (38,494) (34,782) (32,984)
Principal payment of lease liabilities (11,701) (15,046) (9,797) (7,442)
Interest paid (16,258) (20,906) (20,313) (46,713)
Net cash generated from/(used in) financing activities 162,258 208,648 (64,892) 10,919,885
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (1,990,460) (2,559,532) (1,648,280) 4,657,880
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 3,652,731 4,697,047 6,224,187 1,579,718
Effects of foreign currency translation on cash and cash equivalents (32,682) (42,026) 121,140 (13,411)
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 1,629,589 $ 2,095,489 $ 4,697,047 $ 6,224,187