6. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Oxbridge Re NS. On December 22, 2017, the Company established Oxbridge Re NS, a Cayman domiciled and licensed special purpose insurer, formed to provide additional collateralized capacity to support Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited’s reinsurance business. In respect of the debt issued by Oxbridge Re NS to investors, Oxbridge Re NS has entered into a retrocession agreement with Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited effective September 1, 2020. Under this agreement, Oxbridge Re NS receives a quota share of Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited’s catastrophe business. Oxbridge Re NS is a non-rated insurer and the risks have been fully collateralized by way of funds held in trust for the benefit of Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited. Oxbridge Re NS is able to provide investors with access to natural catastrophe risk backed by the distribution, underwriting, analysis and research expertise of Oxbridge Re.

The Company has determined that Oxbridge Re NS meets the definition of a VIE as it does not have sufficient equity capital to finance its activities. The Company concluded that it is the primary beneficiary and has consolidated the subsidiary upon its formation, as it owns 80% of the voting shares, 80% of the issued share capital and has a significant financial interest and the power to control the activities of Oxbridge Re NS that most significantly impacts its economic performance. The Company has no other obligation to provide financial support to Oxbridge Re NS. Neither the creditors nor beneficial interest holders of Oxbridge Re NS have recourse to the Company’s general credit.

Upon issuance of a series of participating notes by Oxbridge Re NS, all of the proceeds from the issuance are deposited into collateral accounts, to fund any potential obligation under the reinsurance agreements entered into with Oxbridge Reinsurance Limited underlying such series of notes. The outstanding principal amount of each series of notes generally is expected to be returned to holders of such notes upon the expiration of the risk period underlying such notes, unless an event occurs which causes a loss under the applicable series of notes, in which case the amount returned is expected to be reduced by such noteholder’s pro rata share of such loss, as specified in the applicable governing documents of such notes. In addition, holders of such notes are generally entitled to interest payments, payable annually, as determined by the applicable governing documents of each series of notes.

The Company receives an origination and structuring fee in connection with the formation, operation and management of Oxbridge Re NS.

OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

6. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES (continued)

Notes Payable to Series 2020-1 noteholders

On June 1, 2020, Oxbridge Re NS entered into a retrocession agreement with Oxbridge Reinsurance Ltd and issued $216,000 of participating notes to provide quota share support for Oxbridge Re’s global property catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance business. These participating notes were designated as Series 2020-1 and matured on June 1, 2023.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, participating notes totaling $98,000 were redeemed, resulting in an outstanding balance of $118,000 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. The cedant under the related reinsurance treaty subsequently declared bankruptcy, and the associated collateral remains restricted within the trust account. The remaining participating note liabilities will be settled if and once the collateral funds (or a portion therefore) held in trust become available.

The income from Oxbridge Re NS operations that are attributable to the participating notes noteholders for years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $0.

SurancePlus Inc.

SurancePlus Inc. (“SurancePlus”), an indirect 80% owned subsidiary of Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited, was incorporated as a British Virgin Islands Business Company on December 19, 2022 for the purposes of tokenizing reinsurance contracts underwritten by its affiliated licensed reinsurer, Oxbridge Re NS.

On March 27, 2023, the Company and SurancePlus, issued a press release announcing the commencement of an offering by SurancePlus of DeltaCat Re tokenized reinsurance securities (the “DeltaCat Tokens”), which represent Series DeltaCat Preferred Shares of SurancePlus (“Preferred Shares”, and together with the Tokens, the “DeltaCat Securities”). Each digital security or token, which will have a purchase price of $10.00 per Token, will represent one Preferred Share of SurancePlus. On September 11, 2023, the DeltaCat Re tokens were reclassified as tokenized interests carrying rights equivalent to the DeltaCat Re Preferred Shares in accordance with the provisions of British Virgin Islands law.

The proceeds from the offer and sale of the DeltaCat Securities will be used by SurancePlus to purchase one or more participating notes of Oxbridge Re NS, and the proceeds from the sale of participating notes will be invested in collateralized reinsurance contracts to be underwritten by Oxbridge Re NS. The holders of the digital Securities will generally be entitled to proceeds from the payment of participating notes in the amount of a preferred return of 20% plus an additional 80% of any proceeds in excess of the amount necessary to pay the preferred return. Assuming no casualty losses to properties reinsured by Oxbridge Re’s reinsurance subsidiaries, DeltaCat Re token investors are expected to receive an annual return on the original purchase price of 42%.

On June 27, 2023, SurancePlus Inc. completed its private placement (the “DeltaCat Private Placement”) of the DeltaCat Securities. On June 27, 2023, SurancePlus entered into subscription agreements with accredited investors and non-U.S. persons in the Private Placement with respect to 229,766 of the DeltaCat Securities at a purchase price of $10.00 per token for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,297,660. SurancePlus also previously entered into subscription agreements for and sold 15,010 of the Securities between April 5, 2023 and May 18, 2023 for gross proceeds of $150,100, also at a purchase price of $10.00 per token. The aggregate amount raised in the DeltaCat Private Placement was $2,447,760 for the issuance of 244,776 DeltaCat Securities of which approximately $1,280,000 was received from third-party investors and approximately $1,167,000 from Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited. Approximately $300,000 and $274,000 of ITOM fees were deducted from the gross proceeds from the third-party investors and Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited, respectively., The DeltaCat Tokens were issued on the Avalanche blockchain. Ownership of DeltaCat Tokens indirectly conferred fractionalized interests in reinsurance contracts underwritten by Oxbridge Re’s reinsurance subsidiary, Oxbridge Re NS, for the 2023-2024 treaty year.

On June 28, 2023, Oxbridge issued a press release announcing the completion of the DeltaCat Private Placement.

On March 18, 2024, the Company and its indirect 80% owned subsidiary SurancePlus Inc, announced the commencement of an offering by SurancePlus of Participation Shares (the “Participation Share” and together with the Preferred Shares, the “Securities”) represented by digital tokens to be issued under a 3-year Participation Share Investment Contract (the “PSIC”). The Participation Shares are not shares in SurancePlus and shall have no preemptive right or conversion rights. The Participation Shares solely conferred contractual rights against SurancePlus as contained in the PSIC. At the offering’s commencement, up to one million (1,000,000) Participation Shares will be issued, represented by digital tokens labelled “EpsilonCat Re” (the “EpsilonCat Tokens”). The quantity of Participation Shares to be issued in subsequent years of 2025, and 2026, shall be disclosed prior to their issuances. At the start of the offering, the Participation Shares will be offered at an initial price of $10.00 per Participation Share.

On July 11, 2024, SurancePlus completed its private placement (the “2024 Private Placement”) of Participation Shares. On July 11, 2024, SurancePlus entered into subscription agreements with accredited investors and non-U.S. persons in the 2024 Private Placement with respect to 287,705 of the Participation Shares represented by the digital tokens, EpsilonCat Re at a purchase price of $10.00 per Participation Share for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,878,048 of which approximately $1,469,000 was received from third-party investors and approximately $1,409,000 from Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited. Approximately $312,000 and $299,000 of management fees were deducted from the gross proceeds from the third-party investors and Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited, respectively, The EpsilonCat Tokens were issued on the Avalanche blockchain. Ownership of EpsilonCat Re tokenized Participation Shares indirectly conferred fractionalized interests in reinsurance contracts underwritten by Oxbridge Re’s reinsurance subsidiary, Oxbridge Re NS, for the 2024-2025 treaty year. The Participation Shares are not shares in SurancePlus and have no preemptive right or conversion rights. The Participation Shares solely conferred contractual rights against SurancePlus as contained in the PSIC.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company and its indirect 80% owned subsidiary SurancePlus Inc, announced the commencement of an offering by SurancePlus of Participation Shares. The Participation Shares are not shares in SurancePlus and shall have no preemptive right or conversion rights. The Participation Shares solely conferred contractual rights against SurancePlus as contained in the PSIC. At the offering’s commencement, up to one million (1,000,000) Participation Shares will be issued, represented by digital tokens labelled “ZetaCat Re” (the “ZetaCat Tokens”) and “EtaCat Re” (the “EtaCat Tokens”). The quantity of Participation Shares to be issued in subsequent years of 2026, and 2027, shall be disclosed prior to their issuances. At the start of the offering, the Participation Shares will be offered at an initial price of $10.00 per Participation Share

On July 31, 2025, SurancePlus completed its private placement (the “2025 Private Placement”) of Participation Shares. On July 31, 2025, SurancePlus entered into subscription agreements with investors in the 2025 Private Placement with respect to 361,191 of the Participation Shares represented by the ZetaCat Tokens (156,191 tokens) and EtaCat Tokens (205,000 tokens) at a purchase price of $10.00 per Participation Share for aggregate gross proceeds of $3,611,910 out of which approximately $3,601,910 was received from Oxbridge Re Holdings Limited and $10,000 was received from third party investors. The ZetaCat Tokens and EtaCat Tokens were issued on the Avalanche blockchain. Ownership of the ZetaCat Re and EtaCat Re tokenized Participation Shares indirectly conferred fractionalized interests in reinsurance contracts underwritten by Oxbridge Re’s reinsurance subsidiary, Oxbridge Re NS, for the 2025-2026 treaty year. The Participation Shares are not shares in SurancePlus and have no preemptive right or conversion rights. The Participation Shares solely conferred contractual rights against SurancePlus as contained in the PSIC.

The Securities have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or any state or other securities laws and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent an effective registration statement or an applicable exemption from registration requirements or a transaction not subject to the registration requirements of the Securities Act or any state or other securities laws. The Securities were sold in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act and were sold only to persons reasonably believed to be accredited investors in the United States under SEC Rule 506(c) under the Securities Act and outside the United States only to non-U.S. persons in accordance with Regulation S under the Securities Act.

OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued

6. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES (continued)

Under Accounting Standards Codification 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” (ASC 480) a redeemable financial instrument that will be redeemed only upon the occurrence of a conditional event is required to be excluded from presentation on the consolidated balance sheets as a liability. The potential cash settlement of the PSIC is contingent upon there being no losses with respect to the underlying reinsurance contracts. Therefore, since these events are not solely within the control of the Company the PSIC has been presented as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as required by ASC 480.

The selected unconsolidated historical financial information and other data presented below is derived from SurancePlus’ standalone unaudited financial statements for years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 and the balance sheet data as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.

SCHEDULE OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

OXBRIDGE RE HOLDINGS LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued