Below
summarizes the list of the major subsidiaries consolidated as of December 31, 2025:
| Name | | Incorporation
date | | Ownership | | Place of
incorporation | | Principle activities | | Aptorum Therapeutics Limited (“ATL”) | | June 30, 2016 | | 100% | | Cayman Islands | | Research and development of life science and biopharmaceutical products | | APTUS MANAGEMENT LIMITED | | May 16, 2017 | | 100% | | Hong Kong | | Provision of management services to its holding company and fellow subsidiaries | | Paths Innovations Limited | | April 15, 2019 | | 100% | | Cayman Islands | | Investment holding company | | Paths Diagnostics Pte. Limited | | June 5, 2019 | | 75% | | Singapore | | Research and development of life science and biopharmaceutical products | | Acticule Life Sciences Limited | | June 30, 2017 | | 80% | | Cayman Islands | | Research and development of life science and biopharmaceutical products |
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