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  <xs:element id="autl_OrdinarySharesRepresentedByADSsUnderBlackstoneAgreementMember" abstract="true" name="OrdinarySharesRepresentedByADSsUnderBlackstoneAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_WarrantOrRightOutstandingFairValueAssumptionExpectedDividendRate" abstract="false" name="WarrantOrRightOutstandingFairValueAssumptionExpectedDividendRate" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_WarrantsOrRightsOutstandingFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" abstract="false" name="WarrantsOrRightsOutstandingFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_WarrantsOrRightsOutstandingFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" abstract="false" name="WarrantsOrRightsOutstandingFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_CommonStockVotingRightsVotesPerShare" abstract="false" name="CommonStockVotingRightsVotesPerShare" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_MaximumNominalAmountOfSharesAuthorizedForGrant" abstract="false" name="MaximumNominalAmountOfSharesAuthorizedForGrant" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_PublicStockOfferingMember" abstract="true" name="PublicStockOfferingMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_StockholdersEquityCommonStockConversionRatio" abstract="false" name="StockholdersEquityCommonStockConversionRatio" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_CollaborativeArrangementPeriodToEnterAgreementFromInitialClosingDate" abstract="false" name="CollaborativeArrangementPeriodToEnterAgreementFromInitialClosingDate" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_CollaborativeArrangementRightsAndObligationsMaximumSharePurchaseRequirementShares" abstract="false" name="CollaborativeArrangementRightsAndObligationsMaximumSharePurchaseRequirementShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_A2018EquityIncentivePlanSharesAvailableUnder2017PlanMember" abstract="true" name="A2018EquityIncentivePlanSharesAvailableUnder2017PlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_A2018PlanAnd2017PlanMember" abstract="true" name="A2018PlanAnd2017PlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_A2025EmployeeSharePurchasePlanMember" abstract="true" name="A2025EmployeeSharePurchasePlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_A2025InducementPlanMember" abstract="true" name="A2025InducementPlanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodIntrinsicValue" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardVestingRightsNumberOfAmericanDepositaryShares" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardVestingRightsNumberOfAmericanDepositaryShares" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_ScheduleOfLicenseAgreementsTable" abstract="true" name="ScheduleOfLicenseAgreementsTable" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:hypercubeItem" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_MiltenyiBiotechB.V.Co.KGMiltenyiMember" abstract="true" name="MiltenyiBiotechB.V.Co.KGMiltenyiMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_RegulatoryApprovalMember" abstract="true" name="RegulatoryApprovalMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_ProductSalesMember" abstract="true" name="ProductSalesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_NetSalesLevelsMember" abstract="true" name="NetSalesLevelsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_RegulatoryMilestoneMember" abstract="true" name="RegulatoryMilestoneMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_ScheduleOfLicenseAgreementsLineItems" abstract="true" name="ScheduleOfLicenseAgreementsLineItems" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_PaymentOfUpfrontFees" abstract="false" name="PaymentOfUpfrontFees" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_AccruedLicenseFeesCurrent" abstract="false" name="AccruedLicenseFeesCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_PaymentsForAccruedLicenseFees" abstract="false" name="PaymentsForAccruedLicenseFees" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_CollaborativeArrangementRightsAndObligationsAnnualLicenseFee" abstract="false" name="CollaborativeArrangementRightsAndObligationsAnnualLicenseFee" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_DisaggregationOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxesLineItems" abstract="true" name="DisaggregationOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxesLineItems" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_CurrentForeignStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" abstract="false" name="CurrentForeignStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_DeferredForeignStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" abstract="false" name="DeferredForeignStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustments" abstract="false" name="ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustments" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_MediaWorksFifthFloorIncludingLaboratorySpaceMember" abstract="true" name="MediaWorksFifthFloorIncludingLaboratorySpaceMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_ManufacturingSpaceInEnfieldUnitedKingdomMember" abstract="true" name="ManufacturingSpaceInEnfieldUnitedKingdomMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_LaboratoryAndOfficeSpaceInGaithersburgMarylandMember" abstract="true" name="LaboratoryAndOfficeSpaceInGaithersburgMarylandMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_ManufacturingSuiteInStevenageUnitedKingdomMember" abstract="true" name="ManufacturingSuiteInStevenageUnitedKingdomMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_NumberOfManufacturingSuitesWithExtendedLeaseTerm" abstract="false" name="NumberOfManufacturingSuitesWithExtendedLeaseTerm" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_LesseeOperatingLeaseRentFreePeriodOfLease" abstract="false" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseRentFreePeriodOfLease" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_NumberOfUnitsInRealEstatePropertySurrendered" abstract="false" name="NumberOfUnitsInRealEstatePropertySurrendered" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_LessorOperatingLeaseNumberOfContracts" abstract="false" name="LessorOperatingLeaseNumberOfContracts" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_NumberOfSquareFeet" abstract="false" name="NumberOfSquareFeet" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_ShortTermLeaseCostNetOfLeaseIncentives" abstract="false" name="ShortTermLeaseCostNetOfLeaseIncentives" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_OperatingLeasePaymentsNetOfLeaseIncentives" abstract="false" name="OperatingLeasePaymentsNetOfLeaseIncentives" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_ReagentsAndDisposablesMember" abstract="true" name="ReagentsAndDisposablesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_CardinalHealth105LLCCardinalHealthMember" abstract="true" name="CardinalHealth105LLCCardinalHealthMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_LongTermSupplyAgreementPeriod" abstract="false" name="LongTermSupplyAgreementPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_NumberOfOptionsToRenewAgreement" abstract="false" name="NumberOfOptionsToRenewAgreement" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_LongTermSupplyAgreementRenewalPeriod" abstract="false" name="LongTermSupplyAgreementRenewalPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_LongTermSupplyAgreementFirmCommitmentPeriod" abstract="false" name="LongTermSupplyAgreementFirmCommitmentPeriod" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_DistributionAgreementTerm" abstract="false" name="DistributionAgreementTerm" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_SMEBenefitThresholdReductionInTheValueOfTheTaxCreditObtained" abstract="false" name="SMEBenefitThresholdReductionInTheValueOfTheTaxCreditObtained" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_SMEBenefitThresholdReductionInTheValueOfTheTaxCreditObtainedNetBenefit" abstract="false" name="SMEBenefitThresholdReductionInTheValueOfTheTaxCreditObtainedNetBenefit" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_ReportableSegmentMember" abstract="true" name="ReportableSegmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_ResearchAndClinicalDevelopmentExpenses" abstract="false" name="ResearchAndClinicalDevelopmentExpenses" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_ProductDeliveryExpense" abstract="false" name="ProductDeliveryExpense" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_SupportFunctionsCosts" abstract="false" name="SupportFunctionsCosts" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_AutolusMember" abstract="true" name="AutolusMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_BioNTechAgreementsMember" abstract="true" name="BioNTechAgreementsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_NumberOfDirectors" abstract="false" name="NumberOfDirectors" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_CollaborationAgreementNonCashInterestExpenseIncludingCumulativeCatchUpAdjustment" abstract="false" name="CollaborationAgreementNonCashInterestExpenseIncludingCumulativeCatchUpAdjustment" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
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  <xs:element id="autl_DeepTrackCapitalLPMember" abstract="true" name="DeepTrackCapitalLPMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_LongTermPurchaseCommitmentPeriodForMinimumQuantityRequired" abstract="false" name="LongTermPurchaseCommitmentPeriodForMinimumQuantityRequired" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="autl_LongTermPurchaseCommitmentPeriodForMinimumAmountRequired" abstract="false" name="LongTermPurchaseCommitmentPeriodForMinimumAmountRequired" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
