Income taxes (Tables)
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12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2025 |
| Income taxes |
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| Schedule of components of net loss before tax provision from income taxes |
The components of net loss before income tax provision are as follows (in thousands): | | | | | | | | | | | | Year Ended | | | December 31, | | | 2025 | | 2024 | | 2023 | United Kingdom | | $ | (225,456) | | $ | (179,610) | | $ | (182,980) | United States | | | 6,648 | | | 5,814 | | | 3,773 | Total | | $ | (218,808) | | $ | (173,796) | | $ | (179,207) |
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| Schedule of components of the benefit for income taxes |
The components of the provision for (benefit from) income taxes are as follows (in thousands): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year Ended | | | | December 31, | | | | 2025 | | 2024 | | 2023 | Current income tax provision (benefit) | | | | | | | | | | | Federal - United States | | | $ | 690 | | $ | 283 | | $ | (1,180) | State - United States | | | | 312 | | | 178 | | | (669) | Total current income tax provision (benefit) | | | | 1,002 | | | 461 | | | (1,849) | Deferred income tax (benefit) provision | | | | | | | | | | | Federal - United States | | | | (1,304) | | | (3,772) | | | 2,513 | State - United States | | | | 454 | | | (1,454) | | | 793 | Total deferred income tax (benefit) provision | | | | (850) | | | (5,226) | | | 3,306 | Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes | | | $ | 152 | | $ | (4,765) | | $ | 1,457 |
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| Schedule of reconciliation of the provision (benefit) for income taxes |
| | | | | | | | | Year Ended | | | | December 31, 2025 | | | | Amount ($) | | Percent (%) | | Provision for (benefit from) income taxes at U.K. federal statutory rate | | $ | (54,702) | | 25.0 | % | Foreign tax effects | | | | | | | United States | | | (1,513) | | 0.7 | % | Changes in valuation allowances | | | 19,869 | | (9.1) | % | Nontaxable or nondeductible items | | | | | | | Net losses surrendered for research credit | | | 21,626 | | (9.9) | % | Impact of foreign exchange rates | | | 13,893 | | (6.3) | % | Other | | | 979 | | (0.5) | % | Effective income tax rate | | $ | 152 | | (0.1) | % |
| | | | | | | | Year Ended | | | | December 31, | | | | 2024 | | 2023 | | (Benefit from) provision for income taxes at statutory rate | | 25.0 | % | 23.5 | % | Increases (decreases) resulting from: | | | | | | Tax credits | | 3.7 | % | 0.6 | % | Change in valuation allowance | | (11.2) | % | (14.8) | % | Net losses surrendered for research credit | | (14.2) | % | (11.1) | % | Impact of statutory rate change | | — | % | 2.7 | % | Impact of foreign exchange rates | | (1.0) | % | (0.1) | % | Other | | 0.4 | % | (1.6) | % | Effective income tax rate | | 2.7 | % | (0.8) | % |
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| Schedule of significant components of the Company's current and deferred tax assets |
| | | | | | | | | Year Ended | | | | December 31, 2025 | | | | Amount ($) | | Percent (%) | | Provision for (benefit from) income taxes at U.K. federal statutory rate | | $ | (54,702) | | 25.0 | % | Foreign tax effects | | | | | | | United States | | | (1,513) | | 0.7 | % | Changes in valuation allowances | | | 19,869 | | (9.1) | % | Nontaxable or nondeductible items | | | | | | | Net losses surrendered for research credit | | | 21,626 | | (9.9) | % | Impact of foreign exchange rates | | | 13,893 | | (6.3) | % | Other | | | 979 | | (0.5) | % | Effective income tax rate | | $ | 152 | | (0.1) | % |
| | | | | | | | Year Ended | | | | December 31, | | | | 2024 | | 2023 | | (Benefit from) provision for income taxes at statutory rate | | 25.0 | % | 23.5 | % | Increases (decreases) resulting from: | | | | | | Tax credits | | 3.7 | % | 0.6 | % | Change in valuation allowance | | (11.2) | % | (14.8) | % | Net losses surrendered for research credit | | (14.2) | % | (11.1) | % | Impact of statutory rate change | | — | % | 2.7 | % | Impact of foreign exchange rates | | (1.0) | % | (0.1) | % | Other | | 0.4 | % | (1.6) | % | Effective income tax rate | | 2.7 | % | (0.8) | % |
Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets are as follows (in thousands): | | | | | | | | | | | | December 31, | | | 2025 | | 2024 | Deferred tax assets: | | | | | | | Operating loss carryforwards | | $ | 101,324 | | $ | 81,492 | Research credit carryforwards | | | 3,534 | | | 3,362 | Operating lease liability | | | 4,376 | | | 2,641 | Share-based compensation | | | 28,281 | | | 21,035 | Depreciation & amortization | | | 2,524 | | | 1,508 | Accrued expenses and other | | | 1,855 | | | 1,952 | Total deferred tax assets | | | 141,894 | | | 111,990 | Deferred tax liabilities: | | | | | | | Operating lease right-of-use asset | | | (4,165) | | | (2,201) | Total deferred tax liabilities | | | (4,165) | | | (2,201) | Valuation allowance | | | (126,761) | | | (99,672) | Net deferred tax assets | | $ | 10,968 | | $ | 10,117 |
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| Schedule of cash paid for income taxes |
| | | | | | Year Ended | | | December 31, | | | 2025 | Federal | | $ | — | State | | | — | Foreign | | | | United States | | | (717) | Total | | $ | (717) |
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