14. Debt

Secured Credit Facility

On May 17, 2023, the Company entered into a credit and guarantee agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), by and among CORE Alaska as the borrower, each of the Company, LSA, and Contango Minerals, as guarantors, each of the lenders party thereto from time to time, ING Capital LLC ("ING") as administrative agent for the lenders, and Macquarie Bank Limited ("Macquarie"), as collateral agent for the secured parties. The Credit Agreement provides for a senior secured loan facility (the “Facility”) of up to $70 million, of which $65 million is committed in the form of a term loan facility and $5 million is committed in the form of a liquidity facility. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has drawn $60 million on the term loan facility and made $45.4 million in principal repayments, resulting in a balance of $14.6 million outstanding.

The interest rate of the Credit Agreement is comprised of the adjusted secured overnight financing rate ("SOFR") plus a SOFR adjustment of 0.15% per annum and an applicable margin of 5%-6%.

The Credit Agreement is secured by all the assets and properties of the Company and its subsidiaries, including the Company’s 30% interest in Peak Gold, LLC, but excluding the Company’s equity interests of LSA in respect of the Lucky Shot mine. As a condition precedent to the second borrowing, the Company was required to enter into a series of hedging agreements with ING and Macquarie for the sale of an aggregate of 124,600 ounces of gold production from Manh Choh at a weighted average price of $2,025 per ounce. On February 18, 2025, the Company amended the Facility to defer $10.6 million of principal repayments and delivery of 15,000 hedged gold ounces into the first half of 2027 (the "New Repayment Schedule") and extend the maturity date of the Facility from December 31, 2026 to June 30, 2027. The hedge agreements have delivery obligations beginning in July 2024 and ending in June 2027. The Company has delivered 81,600 ounces of gold into the hedging agreements as of December 31, 2025, resulting in a remaining balance of the hedge agreements is 43,000 ounces. See Note 15 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities.

During 2024, the Company purchased gold from Peak Gold, LLC for $103.0 million ($2,492 per oz) and sold gold to the lenders at spot price for the quantities remaining after satisfying deliveries of gold under the hedge agreements. Each 2024 hedge contract was settled on their maturities with a net payment of approximately $19.9 million from Contango in exchange for the reduction of a total 37,861 ounces of gold under the hedge agreements.

During 2025, the Company sold all gold, purchased from Peak Gold, LLC for $191.4 million ($3,310 per oz), at spot price to the lenders and simultaneously locked in a forward price to re-purchase from the lenders a total of 43,739 ounces of gold related to the 2025 hedge maturity dates (referred to individually as a “2025 Carry Trade”). Each 2025 Carry Trade was settled on April 30, July 31, October 31 and December 31, 2025 with a net payment of approximately $63.1 million from Contango in exchange for the reduction of a total 43,739 ounces of gold under the hedge agreements.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company had no unused borrowing commitments, as the schedule for further drawdowns has expired.

The carrying value of the Facility approximates its fair value as it accrues interest based on market interest rates. The Company recognized interest expense totaling $5.2 million related to this Facility for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 (inclusive of approximately $2.9 million of contractual interest, and approximately $2.3 million related to the amortization of the discount and issuance fees). The Company recognized interest expense totaling $9.8 million related to this debt for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 (inclusive of approximately $5.8 million of contractual interest, and approximately $4.0 million related to the amortization of the discount and issuance fees). The effective interest rate of the term loan facility was 10.33% as of December 31, 2025 and 11.06% as of December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the effective interest rate for the amortization of the discount and issuance costs was 2.9% and 8.5%, respectively.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all of the required debt covenants.

The Company is scheduled to repay $4.0 million of principal in the next twelve months and the remaining $10.6 million of principal on a quarterly basis through June 30, 2027.

In connection with entering into the Credit Agreement, the Company entered into a mandate lender arrangement fee letter (the “MLA Fee Letter”) with ING and Macquarie (collectively, the “Mandated Parties”) and a production linked arrangement fee letter (the “PLA Fee Letter”) with ING. Pursuant to the MLA Fee Letter, the Company paid the Mandated Parties on the date of the initial disbursement at the initial closing an upfront fee, calculated based on the principal amount of the Facility. Additionally, the Company paid the Mandated Parties an initial disbursement upfront fee, calculated based on the initial disbursement of $10 million. Pursuant to the PLA Fee Letter, the Company will pay ING a production linked arranging fee based on projected total production over the life of the Facility, as well as an agency fee for consideration of acting as administrative agent and collateral agent. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the Company incurred $495,766 as a PLA fee presented as part of interest and finance expense, as of the date of this report these amounts have been fully paid.

Convertible Debenture

On April 26, 2022, the Company closed on a $20,000,000 unsecured convertible debenture to Queen’s Road Capital Investment, Ltd. (“QRC”). The Company used the proceeds from the sale of the debenture to fund commitments to the Peak Gold JV, the exploration and development at its Lucky Shot Property, and for general corporate purposes.

The Company agreed to an interest rate of 9%. The interest payment dates are the last business day of July, October, January, and April, prior to November 1, 2025 and thereafter the last business day of March, June, September, and December. The maturity date is May 26, 2028.

The Debenture currently bears interest at 9% per annum, payable quarterly, with 7% paid in cash and 2% paid in shares of common stock issued at the market price at the time of payment based on a 20-day volumetric weighted average price (“VWAP”). QRC may convert the Debenture into common stock at any time at a conversion price of $30.50 per share (equivalent to 655,738 shares), subject to adjustment. The Company may redeem the Debenture after the third anniversary of issuance at 105% of par, provided that the market price (based on a 20-day VWAP) of the Company’s common stock is at least 130% of the conversion price.

In connection with the issuance of the debenture, the Company agreed to pay an establishment fee of 3% of the debenture face amount. In accordance with the investment agreement, QRC elected to receive the establishment fee in shares of common stock valued at $24.82 per share, for a total of 24,174 shares. The establishment fee shares were issued to QRC pursuant to an exemption from registration under Regulation S. QRC entered into an investor rights agreement with the Company in connection with the issuance of the debenture. The investor rights agreement contains provisions that require QRC and its affiliates, while they own 5% or more of our outstanding common stock, to standstill, not to participate in any unsolicited or hostile takeover of the Company, not to tender its shares of common stock unless the Company’s board recommends such tender, to vote its shares of common stock in the manner recommended by the Company’s board to its stockholders, and not to transfer its shares of common stock representing more than 0.5% of outstanding shares without notifying the Company in advance, whereupon the Company will have a right to purchase those shares.

The fair value of the Debenture (Level 3) as of December 31, 2025 was approximately $22.8 million. The Company recognized interest expense totaling $1.9 million related to this debt for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 (inclusive of approximately $1.8 million of contractual interest, and approximately $0.1 million related to the amortization of the discount and issuance fees). The Company recognized interest expense totaling $1.9 million related to this debt for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 (inclusive of approximately $1.8 million of contractual interest, and approximately $0.1 million related to the amortization of the discount and issuance fees). The effective interest rate of the Debenture is the same as the stated interest rate, 9%. The Company reviewed the provisions of the debt agreement to determine if the agreement included any embedded features and concluded that the change of control provisions within the debt agreement met the characteristics of a derivative

and required bifurcation and separate accounting. The fair value of the identified derivative was determined to be de minimis at December 31, 2025 and 2024 as the probability of a change of control was negligible as of those dates. For each subsequent reporting period, the Company will evaluate each potential derivative feature to conclude whether or not they qualify for derivative accounting. Any derivatives identified will be recorded at the applicable fair value as of the end of each reporting period.