Principles of consolidation

These consolidated financial statements consist of financial records of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Company. Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. Intercompany balances and transactions, and any unrealized income and expenses arising from intercompany transactions, are eliminated in preparing these consolidated financial statements.

Foreign currency translation

Foreign currency transactions are translated into Canadian Dollars at exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the rate of exchange on the reporting date. Any resulting exchange differences are recognized in net income. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are measured at historical cost and are translated into the functional currency using the rates of exchange as at the dates of the initial transactions.

Financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the assets have expired, or when the Company has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership. Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported on the consolidated statement of financial position when there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognized amounts, and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

The following table summarizes the method by which the Company measures its financial instruments on the consolidated statements of financial position:

Financial assets and liabilities measured at amortized cost

A financial asset is classified in this category if the asset is held within a business entity whose objective is to collect contractual cash flows on specified dates that are solely payments of principal and interest. At initial recognition, financial assets at amortized cost are recognized at fair value plus transaction costs, except for trade receivables that do not have a significant financing component which are measured at transaction price. Subsequent to initial recognition, these financial assets are recorded at amortized cost using the effective interest method less any impairment losses. At each reporting period an assessment is made whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset is impaired based on expected credit loss information. For the Company’s financial assets measured at amortized cost, loss allowances are determined based on the expected credit loss over the asset’s lifetime. Expected credit losses are a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses, considering possible default events over the expected life of a financial asset.

If a financial liability is not measured at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”), it is measured at amortized cost. For interest bearing debt, this is the fair value of the proceeds received net of transaction costs associated with the borrowing. After initial recognition, financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any transaction costs and any discount or premium on settlement.

Risk management contracts

Risk management contracts executed by the Company to manage market risk are classified as FVTPL. The Company has not designated any of its financial derivative contracts as hedging instruments. The estimated fair value of these instruments is determined by reference to observable market data including commodity price curves, and foreign currency curves. Transaction costs are charged to the statements of income and comprehensive income as incurred. Realized gains and losses on risk management contracts are recorded as gains and losses in the statements of net income and comprehensive income in the period they occur. Changes in fair value of the derivative contracts are recorded as unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts in the statements of net income and comprehensive income.

Warrant liability

Revenue

Revenue is measured based on consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to in a contract with a customer. The Company recognizes revenue primarily from the sale of diluted and non-diluted bitumen. Revenue is recognized when its single performance obligation is satisfied. This occurs when the product is delivered, control of the product and title or risk of loss transfers to the customer at contractually specified transfer points. This transfer coincides with title passing to the customer and the customer taking physical possession of the commodity. The Company principally satisfies its single performance obligations at a point in time. Transaction prices are determined at inception of the contract and allocated to the performance obligations identified. Payment is generally received in the following month after the sale has occurred.

The Company sells its production pursuant to fixed and variable-priced contracts. The transaction price for variable-priced contracts is based on the commodity price, adjusted for quality, location, or other factors, whereby each component of the pricing formula can be either fixed or variable, depending on the contract terms. Revenue is recognized when a unit of production is delivered to the contract counterparty. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the agreed upon transaction. Royalty expenses are recognized as production occurs.

The Company has long-term marketing agreements with a single counterparty (“Sole Petroleum Marketer”), granting exclusive marketing rights over its current assets’ production and diluent purchases until April 2026 and until October 2028 for specific assets’ production. Fees paid to the Sole Petroleum Marketer as part of these agreements are expensed as incurred as transportation and marketing expenses. As a result of these marketing agreements, the Company is exposed to concentration and credit risk.

Emissions liabilities and credits

Emissions liabilities are recorded in the period in which the emissions occur using the best estimate of the amount required by Greenfire to settle its obligations, including the carrying value of emissions credits held on hand, and the expected market price of additional credits required. Emissions credits purchased or internally generated for use by Greenfire are recorded at cost and are carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value in inventories.

Impairment of non-financial assets

For the purpose of estimating the asset’s recoverable amount, PP&E assets are grouped into Cash Generating Units (“CGU”). A CGU is the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of assets. The Company’s PP&E assets are currently grouped into a single CGU—Hangingstone.

PP&E assets are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If indicators of impairment exist, the recoverable amount of the asset or CGU is estimated as the greater of value-in-use (“VIU”) and fair value less costs of disposal (“FVLCOD”). VIU is estimated as the discounted present value of the expected future cash flows from continuing use of the asset or CGU. FVLCOD is the amount that would be realized from the disposition of an asset or CGU in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable and willing parties. An impairment loss is recognized in earnings or loss if the carrying amount of the asset or CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount.

At each reporting period, PP&E, E&E and right-of-use (“ROU”) assets are tested for impairment reversal at the CGU level when facts and circumstances suggest that the recoverable amount of the CGU may exceed the carrying value. Impairment reversal is limited to the carrying amount which would have been recorded had no historical impairment been recorded.

Provisions and contingent liabilities

A provision is recognized if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the statement of financial position date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows. The Company’s provisions primarily consist of decommissioning liabilities associated with dismantling, decommissioning, and site disturbance remediation activities related to its oil assets.

At initial recognition, the Company recognizes a decommissioning asset and corresponding liability on the statements of financial position. Decommissioning liabilities are measured at the present value of expected future cash outflows required to settle the obligations at the reporting date, using management’s best estimate of expenditures required to settle the liability. Decommissioning liabilities are measured based on the estimated future inflation rate and then discounted to net present value using a credit adjusted risk-free discount rate. Any change in the present value, as a result of a change in discount rate or expected future costs, of the estimated obligation is reflected as an adjustment to the provision and the corresponding item of property, plant and equipment. The liability for decommissioning costs is increased each period through the unwinding of the discount, which is included in finance and interest costs in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Decommissioning liabilities are remeasured at each reporting period primarily to account for any changes in estimates or discount rates. Actual expenditures incurred to settle the obligations reduce the liability.

Contingent liabilities reflect a possible obligation that may arise from past events and the existence of which can only be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events, not wholly within the control of the Company. Contingent liabilities are not recognized on the statements of financial position unless they can be measured reliably and the possibility of an outflow of economic benefits in respect of the contingent obligation is considered probable. Disclosure of contingent liabilities is provided when there is a less than probable, but more than remote, possibility of material loss to the Company.

Income taxes

Income tax is comprised of current and deferred tax. Income tax recovery (expense) is recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income except to the extent that it relates to share capital, in which case it is recognized in equity. Current tax is the expected tax payable (receivable) on the taxable income for the period, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.

Deferred tax is recognized using the balance sheet method, providing for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not recognized on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and does not affect profit, other than temporary differences that arise in shareholder’s equity. Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset on the consolidated statements of financial position if there is a legally enforceable right to offset and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority. A deferred tax asset is recognized for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences, to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are not recognized until such time that it is more likely than not that the related tax benefit will be realized.

Per share information

Basic per share information is calculated using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted per share information is calculated using the basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year, adjusted for the number of shares that could have had a dilutive effect on net income during the year had in the-money and outstanding equity compensation units been exercised.