<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
<!--Generated by ThunderDome XBRL - 01:46PM UTC 2026-03-12--><xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:adus="http://addus.com/20251231" xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2025" xmlns:currency="http://xbrl.sec.gov/currency/2025" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" xmlns:ecd="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2025" xmlns:enum2="http://xbrl.org/2020/extensible-enumerations-2.0" xmlns:exch="http://xbrl.sec.gov/exch/2025" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:naics="http://xbrl.sec.gov/naics/2025" xmlns:sic="http://xbrl.sec.gov/sic/2025" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2025" xmlns:srt-types="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2025" xmlns:stpr="http://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2025" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025" xmlns:us-types="http://fasb.org/us-types/2025" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://addus.com/20251231">
  <xsd:import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2025/elts/srt-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2025/ecd-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/exch/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/exch/2025/exch-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2025/stpr-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/currency/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/currency/2025/currency-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/naics/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/naics/2025/naics-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2025/country-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.org/2020/extensible-enumerations-2.0" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/2020/extensible-enumerations-2.0.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2025/elts/us-gaap-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/sic/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/sic/2025/sic-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2025/elts/us-types-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2025/elts/srt-types-2025.xsd"/>
  <xsd:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negated" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd"/>
  <xsd:annotation>
    <xsd:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="adus-20251231_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="adus-20251231_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="adus-20251231_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:roleType id="statement-document-and-entity-information" roleURI="http://addus.com/20251231/role/statement-document-and-entity-information">
        <link:definition xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">000 - Document - Document And Entity Information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
    </xsd:appinfo>
  </xsd:annotation>
  <xsd:element abstract="true" id="adus_DocumentAndEntityInformation" name="DocumentAndEntityInformation" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType" xbrli:periodType="duration"/>
  <xsd:element abstract="true" id="adus_NoteToFinancialStatementDetailsTextual" name="NoteToFinancialStatementDetailsTextual" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType" xbrli:periodType="duration"/>
  <xsd:element abstract="true" id="adus_NotesToFinancialStatements" name="NotesToFinancialStatements" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType" xbrli:periodType="duration"/>
  <xsd:element abstract="true" id="adus_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract" name="NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType" xbrli:periodType="duration"/>
</xsd:schema>
