Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Reconciliation of U.S Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate to Company's Effective Income Tax Rate

A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate after the adoption of ASU 2023-09 is as follows:


		Year Ended December 31, 2025
		Amount				%
Federal statutory income tax rate		$	1,202				21.0	%
State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax effect(1)			—				—	%
Tax credits
Research and development tax credits			334				5.8	%
Changes in valuation allowance			(3,445	)			(60.2	)%
Nontaxable or nondeductible items
Meals and entertainment			14				0.3	%
Stock-based compensation			3,094				54.1	%
Adjustment to gain on sale of VOWST business			(1,133	)			(19.8	)%
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits			(67	)			(1.2	)%
Other adjustments			1				0.0	%
Effective income tax rate		$	—				—	%

[1] State and local taxes in Massachusetts comprise the majority of this category.

A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate for years prior to the adoption of ASU 2023-09 is as follows:


	Year Ended December 31,
		2024				2023
Federal statutory income tax rate			(21.0	)%			(21.0	)%
Research and development tax credits			(1.8	)			(2.5	)
State taxes, net of federal benefit			(3.6	)			(7.2	)
Stock-based compensation			1.0				0.8
Uncertain tax position reserves			0.4				0.5
Other			(0.4	)			(0.1	)
Change in deferred tax asset valuation allowance			25.4				29.5
Effective income tax rate			—	%			—	%

Schedule of Net Deferred Tax Assets

Net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 consisted of the following:


		December 31,
		2025				2024
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards		$	167,203			$	156,157
Research and development tax credit carryforwards			54,149				54,648
Section 174 capitalized research and development expenses			39,759				53,600
Stock-based compensation expense			28,594				28,819
Lease liability			22,689				23,917
Contingent consideration			13,437				—
Accrued expenses			1,788				7,032
Section 163(j) limitation			1,843				5,599
Depreciation and amortization			1,223				953
Other			98				132
Total deferred tax assets		$	330,783			$	330,857
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation and amortization			—				—
Right of use assets			(19,822	)			(21,115	)
Total deferred tax liabilities			(19,822	)			(21,115	)
Valuation allowance		$	(310,961	)		$	(309,742	)
Net deferred tax assets		$	—			$	—

Summary of Changes In Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets

Changes in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 related primarily to the increases or decreases in NOLs, research and development tax credit carryforwards, capitalized research and development expenses pursuant to IRC Section 174, and non-deductible stock-based compensation expenses. A rollforward of the valuation allowance is as follows:


		Year Ended December 31,
		2025				2024				2023
Valuation allowance at beginning of year		$	(309,742	)		$	(312,809	)		$	(277,370	)
Decreases recorded as benefit to income tax provision							3,067				—
Increases recorded to income tax provision			(1,219	)			—				(35,439	)
Valuation allowance as of end of year		$	(310,961	)		$	(309,742	)		$	(312,809	)

Schedule of Change In Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward

The changes in the Company's unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 were as follows:


		Year Ended December 31,
		2025				2024				2023
Balance at beginning of year		$	14,015			$	13,529			$	12,528
Increase in unrecognized tax benefits as a result of tax positions taken during the year			129				486				1,001
(Decrease) in unrecognized tax benefits as a result of tax positions taken during the year			(289	)			—				—
Reduction to unrecognized tax benefits			—				—				—
Balance at end of year		$	13,855			$	14,015			$	13,529