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INCOME TAXES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES

NOTE 9—INCOME TAXES

 

The Company elected to be treated and intends to qualify annually as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code and, as such, will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of taxable income (including gains) timely distributed as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to stockholders. Taxable income includes the Company’s taxable interest, dividend and fee income, reduced by certain deductions, as well as taxable net realized investment gains. Taxable income generally differs from net income for financial reporting purposes due to temporary and permanent differences in the recognition of income and expenses, and generally excludes net unrealized appreciation or depreciation, as such gains or losses are not included in taxable income until they are realized.

 

 

SURO CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2025

 

To qualify as a RIC, the Company is required to meet certain income and asset diversification tests in addition to distributing dividends of an amount generally at least equal to 90% of its investment company taxable income, as defined by the Code and determined without regard to any deduction for distributions paid, to its stockholders. The amount to be paid out as a distribution is determined by the Board of Directors each quarter and is based upon the annual earnings estimated by the management of the Company. To the extent that the Company’s earnings fall below the amount of dividend distributions declared, however, a portion of the total amount of the Company’s distributions for the fiscal year may be deemed a return of capital for tax purposes to the Company’s stockholders.

 

As a RIC, the Company will be subject to a 4% nondeductible U.S. federal excise tax on certain undistributed income unless the Company makes distributions treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a timely manner to its stockholders in respect of each calendar year of an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for each calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for the 1-year period ending October 31 of each such calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and net capital gains for preceding years, but not distributed during such years and on which the Company paid no U.S. federal income tax. The Company will not be subject to this excise tax on any amount on which the Company incurred U.S. federal corporate income tax (such as the tax imposed on a RIC’s retained net capital gains).

 

Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a taxable year, the Company may choose to carry over taxable income in excess of current taxable year distributions from such taxable income into the next taxable year and incur a 4% excise tax on such taxable income, as required. The maximum amount of excess taxable income that may be carried over for distribution in the next taxable year under the Code is the total amount of distributions paid in the following taxable year, subject to certain declaration and payment guidelines. To the extent the Company chooses to carry over taxable income into the next taxable year, distributions declared and paid by the Company in a taxable year may differ from the Company’s taxable income for that taxable year as such distributions may include the distribution of current taxable year taxable income, the distribution of prior taxable year taxable income carried over into and distributed in the current taxable year, or returns of capital.

 

The Company has subsidiaries that are classified as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes which hold certain portfolio investments in an effort to limit potential legal liability and/or comply with source-income type requirements contained in the RIC tax provisions of the Code. These subsidiaries are consolidated for GAAP and the portfolio investments held by the subsidiaries are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and are recorded at fair value. These subsidiaries are not consolidated with the Company for U.S. federal income tax purposes and may generate income tax expense, or benefit, and tax assets and liabilities as a result of their ownership of certain portfolio investments. Any income generated by these subsidiaries generally would be subject to U.S. federal income tax imposed at corporate rates.

 

The Company intends to timely distribute to its stockholders substantially all of its annual taxable income for each year, except that it may retain certain net capital gains for reinvestment and, depending upon the level of taxable income earned in a year, may choose to carry forward taxable income for distribution in the following year and pay any applicable U.S. federal excise tax.

 

As of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company recorded a deferred tax liability of $0. The Company is required to include net deferred tax provision/benefit in calculating its total expenses even though these net deferred taxes are not currently payable/receivable. Taxable income generally differs from net income for financial reporting purposes due to temporary and permanent differences in the recognition of income and expenses, and generally excludes net unrealized appreciation or depreciation, as such gains or losses are not included in taxable income until they are realized.

 

The Company has elected to be treated and qualifies annually as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code and, accordingly, is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of its taxable income that is distributed to stockholders. As a result, the Company does not record U.S. federal income tax expense at the RIC level.

 

The income tax expense presented below relates solely to the Company’s taxable subsidiaries, which are subject to U.S. federal and state corporate income taxes. The following table reconciles the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate for the years presented.

 

 

SURO CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2025

 

   Year Ended December 31, 2025 
Reconciling Item  Amount    Percentage 
U.S. federal statutory income tax at 21%  $10,249,751    21.00%
Dividends-paid deduction / RIC qualification   (10,249,751)   (21.00)%
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit   4,989    0.01%
Blocker corporation income taxes (refund)   (201,443)   (0.41)%
Nondeductible expenses and other, net       %
Effective income tax expense  $(196,454)   (0.40)%

 

Cash paid for income taxes represents amounts paid by the Company’s taxable subsidiaries, as the Company’s RIC income is generally not subject to U.S. federal income tax. In accordance with ASU 2023-09, cash income taxes paid are disaggregated by jurisdiction for the years presented below.

 

 

   Year Ended December 31, 2025 
   Amount  
Federal  $           
Federal - Blocker Corporation   (201,443)
State   4,989 
Total Cash Taxes Paid  $(196,454)

 

The following states individually make up greater than 5% and in the aggregate greater than 50% of the Company’s state taxes paid:

 

 

   Year Ended December 31, 2025 
   Amount  
California  $4,800 
Total Cash Taxes Paid  $4,800 

 

In accordance with ASU 2023-09, the following table presents income tax expense (benefit) by domestic federal, domestic state, and foreign sources.

 

   Year Ended December 31, 2025 
   Amount  
Federal  $ 
Federal - Blocker Corporation   (201,443)
State   4,989 
Total Income Tax Expense from Continuing Operations  $(196,454)

 

For the year ended December 31, 2025, all of the Company’s income (loss) before income taxes and income taxes (benefit) was attributable to domestic operations. The Company did not have any foreign income (loss) or foreign income tax expense (benefit) for the year.

 

For U.S. federal and state income tax purposes, a portion of the Taxable Subsidiaries’ net operating loss carryforwards and basis differences may be subject to limitations on annual utilization in case of a change in ownership, as defined by federal and state law. The amount of such limitations, if any, has not been determined. Accordingly, the amount of such tax attributes available to offset future profits may be significantly less than the actual amounts of the tax attributes.

 

 

SURO CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2025

 

For accounting purposes, the Company and the Taxable Subsidiaries identified their major tax jurisdictions as U.S. federal, New York, and California and may be subject to the taxing authorities’ examination for the tax years 2022–2024 for federal and New York and 2021–2024 in California, respectively. Further, the Company and the Taxable Subsidiaries accrue all interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as incurred. As of December 31, 2025, there were no material interest or penalties incurred related to uncertain tax positions.

 

Permanent differences between ICTI and net investment income for financial reporting purposes are reclassified among capital accounts in the consolidated financial statements to reflect their tax character. Differences in classification may also result from the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company reclassified for book purposes amounts arising from permanent book/tax differences related as follows:

 

   2025   2024 
   Year Ended December 31, 
   2025   2024 
Capital in excess of par value  $(20,177,179)  $(14,096,863)
Accumulated undistributed net investment loss   16,842,904    13,953,206 
Accumulated net realized gains from investments   3,334,275    143,657 

 

In general, the Company makes certain adjustments to the classification of net assets as a result of permanent book-to-tax differences, which may include nondeductible federal excise taxes and net operating losses, among other items.

 

For income tax purposes, distributions paid to stockholders are reported as ordinary income, return of capital, long term capital gains or a combination thereof. The tax character of distributions declared in the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 was as follows:

 

   2025   2024   2023 
   Year Ended December 31, 
   2025   2024   2023 
Ordinary income  $   $    $  
Long-term capital gain   

12,253,448

         
Return of capital            
Distributions on a tax basis            

 

For federal income tax purposes, the tax cost of investments owned at December 31, 2025 and 2024, was $234,213,929 and $252,563,617, respectively. The gross unrealized appreciation and gross unrealized depreciation on investments owned at December 31, 2025 was $74,667,720 and $83,370,142, respectively, and on investments owned at December 31, 2024 was $31,354,369 and $74,537,243, respectively. The net unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on investments owned at December 31, 2025 and 2024, was $(8,702,422) and $(43,182,874), respectively.

 

At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the components of distributable earnings on a tax basis detailed below differ from the amounts reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities by temporary and other book/tax differences, primarily relating to the tax treatment of certain investments in partnerships and wholly owned subsidiary corporations, and organizational expenses, as follows:

 

   2025   2024 
   Year Ended December 31, 
   2025   2024 
Undistributed ordinary loss  $   $ 
Accumulated net realized gains/(losses) on investments   262,211   (21,758,298)
Unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on investments   (8,702,422)   (43,182,874)
Components of distributable earnings at year-end  $(8,440,211)  $(64,941,172)

 

 

SURO CAPITAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2025