Organization and Nature of Operations

Target Hospitality Corp. (“Target Hospitality” and, together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) was formed on March 15, 2019 and is one of North America’s largest providers of vertically integrated specialty rental accommodations and full-service value-added hospitality solutions. The Company delivers comprehensive hospitality services and workforce community solutions, including: catering and food services, maintenance, housekeeping, grounds-keeping, security, recreational amenities, community design and construction, community management, and laundry services. Target Hospitality’s modular specialty rental accommodation assets are relocatable and interchangeable across its operating segments, enabling the Company to redeploy assets in response to shifts in customer requirements, market conditions, and project locations.  The Company serves customers in the natural resources development sector, customers supporting critical mineral development, power generation, or data center infrastructure projects,  and the government sector, with operations primarily located in the West Texas, South Texas, New Mexico, Nevada and Midwest regions.

The Company, whose securities are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, Topaz Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Topaz”), and Arrow Bidco, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Arrow Bidco”), serve as the holding companies for the businesses of Target Logistics Management, LLC and its subsidiaries (“Target” or “TLM”) and RL Signor Holdings, LLC (“Signor”). TDR Capital LLP (“TDR Capital” or “TDR”) indirectly owns approximately 65% of Target Hospitality and the remaining ownership is broken out among the founders of the Company’s legal predecessor, Platinum Eagle Acquisition Corp. (“Platinum Eagle” or “PEAC”), investors who purchased the shares of Platinum Eagle in a private placement transaction, and other public shareholders.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions by management in determining the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. If the underlying estimates and assumptions upon which the financial statements are based change in future periods, actual amounts may differ from those included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.  

Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets

Prepaid expenses of approximately $4.5 million and $5.4 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, primarily consist of insurance, rent, deposits and permits.  Prepaid insurance, rent, and permits are amortized over the related term of the respective agreements. Other assets of approximately $4.3 million and $4 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, primarily consist of $2.1 million and $1.9 million of deposits as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $2.1 million and $1.9 million of hospitality inventory as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.  Inventory, primarily consisting of food and beverages, is accounted for by the first-in, first-out method and is stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value.  

Interest Capitalization

Interest costs for the construction of certain long-term assets are capitalized by applying the weighted average interest rate applicable to the borrowings of the Company to the average amount of accumulated expenditures outstanding during the construction period.  Such capitalized interest costs are depreciated over the related assets’ estimated useful lives.

Other Property, Plant, and Equipment

Other property, plant, and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Assets leased under finance leases are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term or their useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. Land is not depreciated. Maintenance and repair costs are expensed as incurred.

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives, as follows:

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Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

Goodwill

The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level. A reporting unit is the operating segment, or one level below that operating segment (the component level) if discrete financial information is prepared and regularly reviewed by segment management. However, components are aggregated as a single reporting unit if they have similar economic characteristics. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated to each of the Company’s reporting units that are expected to benefit from the combination. The Company evaluates changes in its reporting structure to assess whether that change impacts the composition of one or more of its reporting units. If the composition of the Company’s reporting units’ changes, goodwill is reassigned between reporting units using the relative fair value allocation approach.

The Company performs the annual impairment test of goodwill at October 1. In addition, the Company performs impairment tests during any reporting period in which events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred.  To test goodwill for impairment, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If it is concluded that this is the case, the Company then performs a quantitative impairment test. Otherwise, the quantitative impairment test is not required.  Under the quantitative impairment test, the Company would compare the estimated fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value.

In assessing the fair value of the reporting units, the Company considers the market approach, the income approach, or a combination of both. Under the market approach, the fair value of the reporting unit is based on quoted market prices of companies comparable to the reporting unit being valued. Under the income approach, the fair value of the reporting unit is based on the present value of estimated cash flows. The income approach is dependent on several significant management assumptions, including estimated future revenue growth rates, gross margin on sales, operating margins, capital expenditures, tax rates and discount rates.

If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the calculated fair value, a loss on impairment is recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Additionally, the Company considers the income tax effect from any tax-deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit, if applicable, when measuring the goodwill impairment charge.

Impairment of Long-Lived and Amortizable Intangible Assets

Fixed assets including rental equipment and other property, plant and equipment and amortizable intangible assets are reviewed for impairment as events or changes in circumstances occur indicating that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to future undiscounted cash flows, without interest charges, expected to be generated by the asset group. If future undiscounted cash flows, without interest charges, exceed the carrying amount of an asset, no impairment is recognized. If management determines that the carrying value cannot be recovered based on estimated future undiscounted cash flows, without interest charges, over the shorter of the asset’s estimated useful life or the expected holding period, an impairment loss would be recorded based on the estimated fair value of the asset.

Deferred Financing Costs Revolver, net

Deferred financing costs revolver are associated with the issuance of the ABL Facility discussed in Note 7. Such costs are amortized over the contractual term of the line-of-credit through initial maturity using the straight-line method. Amortization expense of deferred financing costs revolver is included in interest expense, net in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss).

Original Issuance Discounts

Debt original issue discounts are associated with the issuance of the 2025 Senior Secured Notes discussed in Note 7 and are recorded as direct deductions to the principal amount of the 2025 Senior Secured Notes on the consolidated balance sheets.  Debt discounts are deferred and amortized over the term of the debt based on the effective interest rate method.  

Asset Retirement Obligations

The Company recognizes asset retirement obligations (“AROs”) related to legal obligations associated with the operation of the Company’s specialty rental assets. The fair values of these AROs are recorded on a discounted basis, at the time the obligation is incurred and accreted over time for the change in present value over the expected timing of settlement. Changes in the expected timing or amount of settlement are recognized in the period of change as an increase or decrease in the carrying amount of the ARO and related asset retirement costs with decreases in excess of the carrying value of the related asset retirement cost being recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss). The Company capitalizes asset retirement costs by increasing the carrying amount of the related long-lived assets and depreciating these costs over the remaining useful life. The carrying amount of AROs included in the consolidated balance sheets were $2.7 million and $2.6 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, which represents the present value of the estimated future cost of these AROs of approximately $2.9 million. Accretion expense of approximately $0.1 million, $0.1 million, and $0.2 million was recognized in specialty rental costs in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Revenue Recognition

The Company derives revenue from specialty rental and hospitality services, specifically lodging and related ancillary services. Revenue is recognized in the period in which lodging and services are provided pursuant to the terms of contractual relationships with the customers. Certain arrangements contain a lease of lodging facilities to customers. The leases are accounted for as operating leases under the authoritative guidance for leases (“ASC 842”) and are recognized as income is earned over the term of the lease agreement and is reflected as specialty rental income in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

Upon lease commencement, the Company evaluates leases to determine if they meet criteria set forth in lease accounting guidance for classification as sales-type or direct financing leases; if a lease meets none of these criteria, the Company classifies the lease as an operating lease. As previously mentioned, the arrangements that contain a lease of the Company’s lodging facilities are accounted for as operating leases, whereby the underlying asset remains on our balance sheet and is depreciated consistently with other owned assets, with income recognized as it is earned over the term of the lease agreement. For contracts that contain both a lease component and a services or non-lease component, the Company has adopted an accounting policy to account for and present the lease component under ASC 842 and the non-lease component under the authoritative guidance for revenue recognition (“ASC 606” or “Topic 606”). Refer to Note 2 for the breakout of revenue under each standard. The Company estimates the transaction price, including variable consideration, at contract inception. Then the consideration in the contract is allocated to each separate lease component and non-lease component of the contract. When assessing the recognition of services and specialty rental revenue, judgement is required in contemplating the determination of the transaction price. When allocating the contract consideration to the lease component under ASC 842 and the services or non-lease component under ASC 606, the Company uses judgement in contemplating how to initially measure one or more parts of the contract, to apply the separation and measurement guidance. Factors the Company considers in making this allocation include relative standalone price of lease and services or non-lease components. The Company recognizes minimum rents on operating leases over the term of the customer

operating lease. A lease term commences when: (1) the customer has control of the leased space (legal right to use the property); and (2) the Company has delivered the premises to the customer as required under the terms of the lease. The term of a lease includes the noncancellable periods of the lease along with periods covered by: (1) a customer option to extend the lease if the customer is reasonably certain to exercise that option; (2) a customer option to terminate the lease if the customer is reasonably certain not to exercise that option; and (3) an option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease in which exercise of the option is controlled by the Company as the lessor. When assessing the expected lease end date, judgment is required in contemplating the significance of: any penalties a customer may incur should it choose not to exercise any existing options to extend the lease or exercise any existing options to terminate the lease; and economic incentives for the customer in the lease. Furthermore, when assessing the expected end date of a contract under ASC 606 with an extension option, judgment is required to determine whether the option contains a material right.

Because performance obligations related to specialty rental and hospitality services are satisfied over time, some of our revenue is recognized evenly over the contractual term of the arrangement, based on a contractual fixed minimum amount and defined period of performance.  Certain contracts may contain a contractual fixed minimum amount and an initial ramp up period based on bed utilization, which may result in lower revenue recognition during the ramp up period of the contract term.  Some of our revenue is recognized on a daily basis, for each night a customer stays, at a contractual day rate. Our customers typically contract for accommodation services under committed contracts with terms that most often range from several months to multiple years. Our payment terms vary by type and location of our customer and the service offered.  The time between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant.

When lodging and services are billed and collected in advance, recognition of revenue is deferred until services are rendered.

Cost of services and construction includes labor, food, utilities, supplies, leasing and other direct costs associated with operating the lodging units as well as repair and maintenance expenses, costs associated with relocating community assets, and construction costs associated with community construction services projects. Cost of rental includes leasing costs, utilities, and other direct costs of maintaining the lodging units. Costs associated with contracts include sales commissions which are expensed as incurred and reflected in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

Additionally, the Company collects sales, use, occupancy and similar taxes, which the Company presents on a net basis (excluded from revenues) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

The Company recognizes revenue associated with community construction using the percentage of completion method with progress towards completion measured using the cost-to-cost method as the basis to recognize revenue. Management believes this cost-to-cost method is the most appropriate measure of progress to the satisfaction of a performance obligation on the community construction. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are made in the period in which such losses are determined. Changes in job performance, job conditions, estimated profitability and final contract settlements may result in revisions to projected costs and revenue and are recognized in the period in which the revisions to estimates are identified and the amounts can be reasonably estimated. Factors that may affect future project costs and margins include weather, production efficiencies, availability and costs of labor, materials and subcomponents. As noted above, costs associated with the construction fee income are recognized as incurred and presented within the services and construction costs financial statement line item within the accompanying consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss).

Revenues associated with community construction using the percentage of completion method are reflected as construction fee income in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).  

Income Taxes

The Company’s operations are subject to U.S. federal, state and local, and foreign income taxes.  The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent that it is more likely than not that these assets will be realized. In making such determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent results of operations. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce the deferred tax assets to an amount that will more likely than not be realized. When a valuation allowance is established or there is an increase in an allowance in a reporting period, tax expense is generally recorded in the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).

In accordance with applicable authoritative guidance, the Company accounts for uncertain income tax positions using a benefit recognition model with a two-step approach; a more-likely-than-not recognition criterion; and a measurement approach that measures the position as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. If it is not more-likely-than-not that the benefit of the tax position will be sustained on its technical merits, no benefit is recorded. Uncertain tax positions that relate only to timing of when an item is included on a tax return are considered to have met the recognition threshold. The Company classifies interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions within income tax expense.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company sponsors an equity incentive plan, the Target Hospitality Corp. 2019 Incentive Award Plan, as amended (the “Plan”), in which certain employees and non-employee directors participate. The Plan is administered by the compensation committee of the board of directors of the Company (the “Compensation Committee”).  The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments (typically restricted stock unit awards (“RSUs”), performance stock unit awards (“PSUs”), and stock options) based on the grant-date fair value of the awards issued under the Plan that are equity classified. The fair value of the stock options is calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the fair value of the PSUs that are based on market conditions (“Market-Based PSUs”) are calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation while the fair value of the RSUs and performance-based PSUs not based on market conditions (“Performance-Based PSUs”) are calculated based on the Company’s share price on the grant-date, together with the assessment of the probability of achieving defined performance measures for Performance-Based PSUs.  Compensation cost for awards with performance conditions (non-market) is recognized if and when achievement becomes probable and is adjusted for changes in probability and actual outcomes through the end of the performance period.  The resulting compensation expense is recognized over the period during which an employee or non-employee director is required to provide service in exchange for the awards, usually the vesting period.  Similarly, for time-based awards subject to graded vesting, compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the service period, subject to the requirement that cumulative expense recognized at any date will at least equal the grant-date fair value of the vested portion of the award.  For Market-Based PSUs, the probability of satisfying a market condition is considered in the estimation of the grant-date fair value and the compensation cost is not reversed if the market condition is not achieved, provided the requisite service has been provided.  Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur.  For valuation of awards, the Company uses key assumptions appropriate to the valuation technique (e.g., expected term, expected volatility, dividend yield, and risk-free interest rate for Black-Scholes; and relevant volatility/correlation and risk-free inputs for Monte Carlo). See Note 16 for the period’s specific assumptions and ranges.  The Plan also includes Stock Appreciation Rights awards (“SARs”).  Each SAR represents a contingent right to receive, upon vesting, payment in cash or the Company’s Common Stock, as determined by the Compensation Committee, in an amount equal to the difference between (a) the fair market value of a Common Share on the date of exercise, over (b) the grant date price.  Under the authoritative guidance for stock-based compensation, SARs that are expected to be settled in cash are considered liability-based awards that are included in accrued liabilities and other non-current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value and are remeasured at fair value each reporting period until the date of settlement using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.  Changes in the estimated fair value of the SARs along with the resulting cost is recognized as increases or decreases in stock-based compensation expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) each reporting period over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the SARs, usually the vesting period.  Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, there were no SAR awards outstanding as all were either exercised and paid in cash or forfeited as of December 31, 2024. Additional information related to the Plan, including award activity rollforwards (by award type), total unrecognized compensation cost and weighted-average remaining recognition period, valuation assumptions, related income tax effects, and cash flow impacts, is presented in Note 16.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disclosure of disaggregated income taxes paid, prescribes standard categories for the components of the effective tax rate reconciliation, and modifies other income tax-related disclosures. ASU 2023-09 requires public companies to annually (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than five percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income or loss by the applicable statutory income tax rate).  Annual disclosures are required for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and may be applied prospectively or retrospectively. These requirements did not have an impact on amounts recognized in our financial statements, but resulted in expanded Income Tax disclosures as shown in Note 9 of the financial statements. The Company adopted ASU 2023-09, on the effective date of January 1, 2025, which will be applied prospectively. Refer to Note 9 for these expanded disclosures.

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Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Improvements to Expense Disaggregation Disclosures. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, which requires additional information about specific expense categories in the notes to financial statements for both interim and annual reporting periods. The update requires disaggregated information about certain prescribed expense categories underlying any relevant income statement expense caption. ASU 2024-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The ASU 2024-03 may be applied prospectively or retrospectively, and allows for early adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update and does not intend to early adopt ASU 2024-03. The Company expects this update to result in expanded disclosures, but does not expect the update to affect the Company’s consolidated results of operations, cash flows, or financial position.