v3.25.4
Investment Risks - Toews Hedged Opportunity Fund
Mar. 06, 2026
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]

As with all mutual funds, there is the risk that you could lose money through your investment in the Fund. Many factors affect the Fund’s net asset value and performance.

 

Allocation Risk: The risk that if the Fund’s strategy for allocating assets among different assets classes does not work as intended, the Fund may not achieve its objective or may underperform other funds with the same or similar investment strategy.

 

Common Stock Risk: The net asset value of the Fund will fluctuate based on changes in the value of the U.S. and/or foreign common stocks held by the Fund. Stock prices can fall rapidly in response to developments affecting a specific company or industry, or to changing economic, political or market conditions.

 

Credit Risk: Issuers of fixed-income securities may default on interest and principal payments due to the Fund. Generally, securities with lower debt ratings have speculative characteristics and have greater risk the issuer will default on its obligation. For high-yield bonds, changes in economic conditions or other circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of those issuers to make principal or interest payments, as compared to issuers of more highly-rated securities. These securities can also be thinly traded or have restrictions on resale, making them difficult to sell at an acceptable price.

 

Derivatives Risk: The Fund may execute an investment strategy or hedge by entering into derivative contracts such as futures and swaps, which can be riskier than traditional investments because they involve leverage, may be illiquid, may suffer counterparty default and may limit gains.

 

Emerging Market Risk: Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments, weaker economies, and less-developed legal systems with fewer security holder rights. Emerging market economies may be based on only a few industries and security issuers may be more susceptible to economic weakness and more likely to default. Emerging market securities also tend to be less liquid.

 

ETF and Underlying Fund Risk: ETFs and Underlying Funds are subject to investment advisory fees and other expenses, which will be indirectly paid by the Fund. As a result, your cost of investing in the Fund will be higher than the cost of investing directly in ETFs and may be higher than other mutual funds that invest directly in securities. Each ETF is subject to specific risks, depending on its investments. ETFs in which the Fund invests will not be able to replicate exactly the performance of the indices they track because the total return generated by the securities will be reduced by transaction costs incurred in adjusting the actual balance of the securities. The market value of the ETF shares may differ from their net asset value. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETF shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the underlying basket of securities. Accordingly, there may be times when an ETF share trades at a premium or discount to its net asset value.

 

Fixed Income Risk: When the Fund invests in fixed income securities, the value of your investment in the Fund will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of bond funds owned by the Fund. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will increase or decrease more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities. Issuers of fixed-income securities may default on interest and principal payments due to the Fund. Generally, securities with lower debt ratings have speculative characteristics and have greater risk the issuer will default on its obligation.

 

Foreign Risk: The Fund could be subject to greater risks because the Fund’s performance may depend on issues other than the performance of a particular company or U.S. market sector. Changes in foreign economies and political climates are more likely to affect the Fund than a mutual fund that invests exclusively in U.S. companies. The value of foreign securities is also affected by the value of the local currency relative to the U.S. dollar.

 

Foreign Currency Risk: To the extent the Fund invests in securities that are denominated in foreign currencies, the value of securities denominated in foreign currencies can change significantly when foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the U.S. dollar.

 

Futures Risk: The Fund’s use of futures contracts involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. These risks include (i) leverage risk (ii) risk of mispricing or improper valuation; and (iii) the risk that changes in the value of the futures contract may not correlate perfectly with the underlying index. Investments in futures involve leverage, which means a small percentage of assets invested in futures can have a disproportionately large impact on the Fund. This risk could cause the Fund to lose more than the principal amount invested.

 

Hedging Risk: When the adviser believes market conditions are unfavorable, the adviser may attempt to “hedge” with defensive positions and strategies including holding substantial positions in foreign or domestic fixed-income securities and/or cash equivalents, which may limit potential gains when compared to unhedged funds.

 

Interest Rate Risk: When the Fund invests in fixed-income securities, the value of your investment in the Fund will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of the fixed-income securities owned by the Fund. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will increase or decrease more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities.

 

Investment-Grade Corporate Bonds: Debt securities of industrial, utility, banking and other financial institutions that are rated at or above investment grade (BBB/Baa or higher). These securities are backed by the credit of the corporation issuing the fixed-income instrument as to the timely repayment of principal and interest.

 

Issuer Risk: Fund value might decrease in response to the activities and financial prospects of an individual company or issuer in the Fund’s portfolio. The value of an individual issuer can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently from the value of the market as a whole. The value of certain types of companies or issuers can be more volatile due to increased sensitivity to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments.

 

Large Cap Risk: Large-capitalization companies may be less able than smaller capitalization companies to adapt to changing market conditions. Large-capitalization companies may be more mature and subject to more limited growth potential compared with smaller capitalization companies. During different market cycles, the performance of large capitalization companies has trailed the overall performance of the broader securities markets.

 

Management Risk: The ability of the Fund to meet its investment objective is directly related to the adviser’s investment model. The models used by the adviser to determine or guide investment decisions may not achieve the objectives of the Fund. The adviser’s assessment of the attractiveness and potential appreciation of particular investments or markets in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect and there is no guarantee that the adviser’s investment strategy will produce the desired results.

 

Margin Risk: Certain derivatives require the Fund to make margin payments, a form of security deposit intended to protect against nonperformance of the derivative contract. The Fund may have to post additional margin if the value of the derivative position changes in a manner adverse to the Fund. Derivatives may be difficult to value, which may result in increased payment requirements to counterparties or a loss of value to the Fund. If the Fund has insufficient cash to meet additional margin requirements, it might need to sell securities at a disadvantageous time.

 

Market and Geopolitical Risk: The increasing interconnectivity between global economies and financial markets increases the likelihood that events or conditions in one region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. Securities in the Fund may underperform due to inflation (or expectations for inflation), interest rates, global demand for particular products or resources, natural disasters, climate change and climate-related events, pandemics, epidemics, terrorism, tariff and trade wars, international conflicts, regulatory events and governmental or quasi-governmental actions. The occurrence of global events similar to those in recent years, such as a worldwide pandemic, terrorist attacks, natural disasters, social and political discord or debt crises and downgrades, among others, may result in market volatility and may have long term effects on both the U.S. and global financial markets. It is difficult to predict when similar events affecting the U.S. or global financial markets may occur, the effects that such events may have and the duration of those effects. Any such event(s) could have a significant adverse impact on the value and risk profile of the Fund. For example, the COVID-19 global pandemic had negative impacts, and in many cases severe negative impacts, on markets worldwide. It is not known how long the impacts of the significant events described above, will or would last, but there could be a prolonged period of global economic slowdown, which may impact your investment. Therefore, the Fund could lose money over short periods due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. During a general market downturn, multiple asset classes may be negatively affected. Changes in market conditions and interest rates can have the same impact on all types of securities and instruments. In times of severe market disruptions you could lose your entire investment.

 

Options Risk: There are risks associated with the sale and purchase of call and put options. As the buyer of a put or call option, the Fund risks losing the entire premium invested in the option if the Fund does not exercise the option. As a seller (writer) of a put option, the Fund will tend to lose money if the value of the reference index or security falls below the strike price. As the seller (writer) of a call option, the Fund will tend to lose money if the value of the reference index or security rises above the strike price.

 

Portfolio Turnover Risk: Portfolio turnover results in higher brokerage commissions, dealer mark-ups and other transaction costs and may result in taxable capital gains. Higher costs associated with increased portfolio turnover may offset gains in the Fund’s performance.

 

Short Sales Risk: The Fund will engage in short selling and short position derivative activities, which are significantly different from the investment activities commonly associated with conservative stock or bond funds. Positions in shorted securities and derivatives are speculative and more risky than “long” positions (purchases) because the cost of the replacement security or derivative is unknown. Therefore, the potential loss on an uncovered short is unlimited, whereas the potential loss on long positions is limited to the original purchase price. You should be aware that any strategy that includes selling securities short could suffer significant losses. Shorting will also result in higher transaction costs (such as interest and dividends), which reduce the Fund’s return, and may result in higher taxes.

 

Small-Cap and Mid-Cap Risk: Small-cap and mid-cap companies may be more vulnerable than larger, more established organizations to adverse business or economic developments. These companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, and they may be dependent on a limited management group.

 

Tax Inefficiency Risk: The adviser expects that most of the gains generated by the Fund will be categorized as short-term capital gains which will be subject to higher tax rates than long-term capital gains. Given the potential tax-inefficiency of the Fund, investors should consider investing through a tax-deferred account and carefully consider the tax consequences before investing.

 

U.S. Treasury Risk: Although the Fund invests in short-term Treasury obligations, an investment in the Fund is subject to risk even if all securities in the Fund are paid in full at maturity. All money market instruments, including U.S. Treasury obligations, can change in value in response to changes in interest rates, and a major change in rates could cause the share price to change. While U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, an investment in the Fund is neither insured nor guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, U.S. government or any other government agency.
Allocation Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Allocation Risk: The risk that if the Fund’s strategy for allocating assets among different assets classes does not work as intended, the Fund may not achieve its objective or may underperform other funds with the same or similar investment strategy.

 

Common Stock Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Common Stock Risk: The net asset value of the Fund will fluctuate based on changes in the value of the U.S. and/or foreign common stocks held by the Fund. Stock prices can fall rapidly in response to developments affecting a specific company or industry, or to changing economic, political or market conditions.

 

Credit Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Credit Risk: Issuers of fixed-income securities may default on interest and principal payments due to the Fund. Generally, securities with lower debt ratings have speculative characteristics and have greater risk the issuer will default on its obligation. For high-yield bonds, changes in economic conditions or other circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of those issuers to make principal or interest payments, as compared to issuers of more highly-rated securities. These securities can also be thinly traded or have restrictions on resale, making them difficult to sell at an acceptable price.

 

Derivatives Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Derivatives Risk: The Fund may execute an investment strategy or hedge by entering into derivative contracts such as futures and swaps, which can be riskier than traditional investments because they involve leverage, may be illiquid, may suffer counterparty default and may limit gains.

 

Emerging Market Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Emerging Market Risk: Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments, weaker economies, and less-developed legal systems with fewer security holder rights. Emerging market economies may be based on only a few industries and security issuers may be more susceptible to economic weakness and more likely to default. Emerging market securities also tend to be less liquid.

 

Etf And Underlying Fund Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
ETF and Underlying Fund Risk: ETFs and Underlying Funds are subject to investment advisory fees and other expenses, which will be indirectly paid by the Fund. As a result, your cost of investing in the Fund will be higher than the cost of investing directly in ETFs and may be higher than other mutual funds that invest directly in securities. Each ETF is subject to specific risks, depending on its investments. ETFs in which the Fund invests will not be able to replicate exactly the performance of the indices they track because the total return generated by the securities will be reduced by transaction costs incurred in adjusting the actual balance of the securities. The market value of the ETF shares may differ from their net asset value. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETF shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the underlying basket of securities. Accordingly, there may be times when an ETF share trades at a premium or discount to its net asset value.
Fixed Income Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Fixed Income Risk: When the Fund invests in fixed income securities, the value of your investment in the Fund will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of bond funds owned by the Fund. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will increase or decrease more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities. Issuers of fixed-income securities may default on interest and principal payments due to the Fund. Generally, securities with lower debt ratings have speculative characteristics and have greater risk the issuer will default on its obligation.

 

Foreign Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Foreign Risk: The Fund could be subject to greater risks because the Fund’s performance may depend on issues other than the performance of a particular company or U.S. market sector. Changes in foreign economies and political climates are more likely to affect the Fund than a mutual fund that invests exclusively in U.S. companies. The value of foreign securities is also affected by the value of the local currency relative to the U.S. dollar.

 

Foreign Currency Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Foreign Currency Risk: To the extent the Fund invests in securities that are denominated in foreign currencies, the value of securities denominated in foreign currencies can change significantly when foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the U.S. dollar.

 

Futures Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Futures Risk: The Fund’s use of futures contracts involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. These risks include (i) leverage risk (ii) risk of mispricing or improper valuation; and (iii) the risk that changes in the value of the futures contract may not correlate perfectly with the underlying index. Investments in futures involve leverage, which means a small percentage of assets invested in futures can have a disproportionately large impact on the Fund. This risk could cause the Fund to lose more than the principal amount invested.

 

Hedging Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Hedging Risk: When the adviser believes market conditions are unfavorable, the adviser may attempt to “hedge” with defensive positions and strategies including holding substantial positions in foreign or domestic fixed-income securities and/or cash equivalents, which may limit potential gains when compared to unhedged funds.

 

Interest Rate Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Interest Rate Risk: When the Fund invests in fixed-income securities, the value of your investment in the Fund will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of the fixed-income securities owned by the Fund. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will increase or decrease more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities.

 

Investment Grade Corporate Bonds [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Investment-Grade Corporate Bonds: Debt securities of industrial, utility, banking and other financial institutions that are rated at or above investment grade (BBB/Baa or higher). These securities are backed by the credit of the corporation issuing the fixed-income instrument as to the timely repayment of principal and interest.

 

Issuer Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Issuer Risk: Fund value might decrease in response to the activities and financial prospects of an individual company or issuer in the Fund’s portfolio. The value of an individual issuer can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently from the value of the market as a whole. The value of certain types of companies or issuers can be more volatile due to increased sensitivity to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments.

 

Large Cap Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Large Cap Risk: Large-capitalization companies may be less able than smaller capitalization companies to adapt to changing market conditions. Large-capitalization companies may be more mature and subject to more limited growth potential compared with smaller capitalization companies. During different market cycles, the performance of large capitalization companies has trailed the overall performance of the broader securities markets.

 

Management Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Management Risk: The ability of the Fund to meet its investment objective is directly related to the adviser’s investment model. The models used by the adviser to determine or guide investment decisions may not achieve the objectives of the Fund. The adviser’s assessment of the attractiveness and potential appreciation of particular investments or markets in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect and there is no guarantee that the adviser’s investment strategy will produce the desired results.

 

Margin Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Margin Risk: Certain derivatives require the Fund to make margin payments, a form of security deposit intended to protect against nonperformance of the derivative contract. The Fund may have to post additional margin if the value of the derivative position changes in a manner adverse to the Fund. Derivatives may be difficult to value, which may result in increased payment requirements to counterparties or a loss of value to the Fund. If the Fund has insufficient cash to meet additional margin requirements, it might need to sell securities at a disadvantageous time.

 

Market And Geopolitical Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Market and Geopolitical Risk: The increasing interconnectivity between global economies and financial markets increases the likelihood that events or conditions in one region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. Securities in the Fund may underperform due to inflation (or expectations for inflation), interest rates, global demand for particular products or resources, natural disasters, climate change and climate-related events, pandemics, epidemics, terrorism, tariff and trade wars, international conflicts, regulatory events and governmental or quasi-governmental actions. The occurrence of global events similar to those in recent years, such as a worldwide pandemic, terrorist attacks, natural disasters, social and political discord or debt crises and downgrades, among others, may result in market volatility and may have long term effects on both the U.S. and global financial markets. It is difficult to predict when similar events affecting the U.S. or global financial markets may occur, the effects that such events may have and the duration of those effects. Any such event(s) could have a significant adverse impact on the value and risk profile of the Fund. For example, the COVID-19 global pandemic had negative impacts, and in many cases severe negative impacts, on markets worldwide. It is not known how long the impacts of the significant events described above, will or would last, but there could be a prolonged period of global economic slowdown, which may impact your investment. Therefore, the Fund could lose money over short periods due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. During a general market downturn, multiple asset classes may be negatively affected. Changes in market conditions and interest rates can have the same impact on all types of securities and instruments. In times of severe market disruptions you could lose your entire investment.
Options Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Options Risk: There are risks associated with the sale and purchase of call and put options. As the buyer of a put or call option, the Fund risks losing the entire premium invested in the option if the Fund does not exercise the option. As a seller (writer) of a put option, the Fund will tend to lose money if the value of the reference index or security falls below the strike price. As the seller (writer) of a call option, the Fund will tend to lose money if the value of the reference index or security rises above the strike price.

 

Portfolio Turnover Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Portfolio Turnover Risk: Portfolio turnover results in higher brokerage commissions, dealer mark-ups and other transaction costs and may result in taxable capital gains. Higher costs associated with increased portfolio turnover may offset gains in the Fund’s performance.

 

Short Sales Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Short Sales Risk: The Fund will engage in short selling and short position derivative activities, which are significantly different from the investment activities commonly associated with conservative stock or bond funds. Positions in shorted securities and derivatives are speculative and more risky than “long” positions (purchases) because the cost of the replacement security or derivative is unknown. Therefore, the potential loss on an uncovered short is unlimited, whereas the potential loss on long positions is limited to the original purchase price. You should be aware that any strategy that includes selling securities short could suffer significant losses. Shorting will also result in higher transaction costs (such as interest and dividends), which reduce the Fund’s return, and may result in higher taxes.

 

Smallcap And Midcap Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Small-Cap and Mid-Cap Risk: Small-cap and mid-cap companies may be more vulnerable than larger, more established organizations to adverse business or economic developments. These companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, and they may be dependent on a limited management group.

 

Tax Inefficiency Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
Tax Inefficiency Risk: The adviser expects that most of the gains generated by the Fund will be categorized as short-term capital gains which will be subject to higher tax rates than long-term capital gains. Given the potential tax-inefficiency of the Fund, investors should consider investing through a tax-deferred account and carefully consider the tax consequences before investing.

 

U S Treasury Risk [Member]  
Prospectus [Line Items]  
Risk [Text Block]
U.S. Treasury Risk: Although the Fund invests in short-term Treasury obligations, an investment in the Fund is subject to risk even if all securities in the Fund are paid in full at maturity. All money market instruments, including U.S. Treasury obligations, can change in value in response to changes in interest rates, and a major change in rates could cause the share price to change. While U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, an investment in the Fund is neither insured nor guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, U.S. government or any other government agency.