<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"?>  
<!-- Generated by CompSci Transform (tm) - http://www.compsciresources.com -->    
<!-- Created: Tue Mar 03 19:58:19 UTC 2026 -->  
<linkbase xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">    
  <roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/cef/2025/cef-2025.xsd#N2" roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/cef/role/N2"/>    
  <presentationLink xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/cef/role/N2" xlink:type="extended">   
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>   
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>    
<!-- [WMV6][2KWfvcwWMjLgDjDlU0wwGhCLMSGqerkqPPhJ51KYoFe2zwyceBZz6FyZziwEBBEqFM1xfnOIsfq+gisQ3exg1zWKaBBe9KKQHwBEb+eiqICxz69J0yyGkwTolTTvKs+YRx/qTJ7zSRn6Y1UCgsxKOjcbZ3dlSmz7i1iW25bim1X4x9skdI4gP+NA8HVRa+ccOn/yqSiYlDWOCqk00vTkxbR+YYTYTB6Gb3ccxR3K1io1DxxcvHMTrCD63gTcIIy3R3fkiNU2FmGRccTFUFzftVlnxvs8Tc3iLzQZmt73yIDn4kQfRakARkf6nnIPgbg5RlaPad66lYGdm4S+wZwJRnzqbIuu6aEW5fvo3nnOUzsefxXiAKzfOfVwpwlleoL2TmdsLlir8hqrEY1ZFg==] CSR-->     
    <presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" order="100"/>  
  </presentationLink>  
</linkbase>
