<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2026 Workiva-->
<!--r:c5ad3466-f851-410c-beab-8afedd3fcb2a,g:219d7980-e80c-469a-acd6-4a0f9671a16e-->
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:blmn="http://www.bloominbrands.com/20260302" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://www.bloominbrands.com/20260302">
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31/types.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei-sub/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-sub-2025.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd-sub/2025" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2025/ecd-sub-2025.xsd"/>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="blmn-20260302_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="blmn-20260302_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="blmn-20260302_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
    </xs:appinfo>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:element id="blmn_SpanosMember" abstract="true" name="SpanosMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_DenoMember" abstract="true" name="DenoMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_Salary" abstract="false" name="Salary" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:monetaryPerDurationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_BonusAndNonEquityIncentiveCompensation" abstract="false" name="BonusAndNonEquityIncentiveCompensation" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:monetaryPerDurationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_EquityCompensation" abstract="false" name="EquityCompensation" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:monetaryPerDurationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_OtherCompensation" abstract="false" name="OtherCompensation" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:monetaryPerDurationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AdjustmentType1Member" abstract="true" name="AdjustmentType1Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AdjustmentType2Member" abstract="true" name="AdjustmentType2Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AverageSalary" abstract="false" name="AverageSalary" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:monetaryPerDurationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AverageBonusAndNonEquityIncentiveCompensation" abstract="false" name="AverageBonusAndNonEquityIncentiveCompensation" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:monetaryPerDurationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AverageEquityCompensation" abstract="false" name="AverageEquityCompensation" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:monetaryPerDurationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AverageOtherCompensation" abstract="false" name="AverageOtherCompensation" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:monetaryPerDurationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AdjustmentToCompensationAmountForEquityValue" abstract="false" name="AdjustmentToCompensationAmountForEquityValue" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AdditionOfFairValueOfCurrentYearEquityAwardsAtFiscalYearEndMember" abstract="true" name="AdditionOfFairValueOfCurrentYearEquityAwardsAtFiscalYearEndMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AdditionsDeductionsForChangeInValueOfPriorYearsAwardsUnvestedAtFiscalYearEndMember" abstract="true" name="AdditionsDeductionsForChangeInValueOfPriorYearsAwardsUnvestedAtFiscalYearEndMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AdditionsDeductionsForChangeInValueOfPriorYearsAwardsThatVestedInFiscalYearMember" abstract="true" name="AdditionsDeductionsForChangeInValueOfPriorYearsAwardsThatVestedInFiscalYearMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_PSUShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" abstract="false" name="PSUShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AdjustmentToCompensationAmountEquityAwards" abstract="false" name="AdjustmentToCompensationAmountEquityAwards" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AdjustmentType3Member" abstract="true" name="AdjustmentType3Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AdjustmentType4Member" abstract="true" name="AdjustmentType4Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AdjustmentType5Member" abstract="true" name="AdjustmentType5Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="blmn_AdjustmentType6Member" abstract="true" name="AdjustmentType6Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
